Part 35

Pope, _To Mr. John Moore_ (1723).

MORISON (_Dr._), famous for his pills (consisting of _aloes_ and _cream of tartar_, equal parts). Professor Holloway, Dr. Morison, and Rowland, maker of hair-oil and tooth-powder, were the greatest advertisers of their generation.

PARTRIDGE, cobbler, astrologer, almanac-maker and quack (died 1708).

Weep, all you customers who use His pills, his almanacs, or shoes.

Swift, _Elegy, etc._

READ (_Sir William_), a tailor, who set up for oculist, and was knighted by Queen Anne. This quack was employed both by Queen Anne and George I. Sir William could not read. He professed to cure wens, wry-necks and hare-lips (died 1715).

... none their honors shall to merit owe-- That popish doctrine is exploded quite, Or Ralph had been no duke, and Read no knight; That none may virtue or their learning plead, This hath no _grace_, and that can hardly _read_.

_A Political Squib of the Period._

⁂ The “Ralph” referred to is Ralph Montagu, son of Edward Montagu, created viscount in 1682, and duke of Montagu in 1705 (died 1709).

ROCK (_Dr. Richard_), professed to cure every disease, at any stage thereof. According to his bills, “Be your disorder never so far gone, I can cure you.” He was short in stature and fat, always wore a white, three-tailed wig, nicely combed and frizzed upon each cheek, carried a cane, and waddled in his gait (eighteenth century).

Dr. Rock, F.U.N., never wore a hat. He is usually drawn at the top of his own bills sitting in an armchair, holding a little bottle between his finger and thumb, and surrounded with rotten teeth, nippers, pills and gallipots.--Goldsmith, _A Citizen of the World_, lxviii. (1759).

SMITH (_Dr._), who went about the country in the eighteenth century in his coach with four outriders. He dressed in black velvet, and cured any disease for sixpence. “His amusements on the stage were well worth the sixpence which he charged for his box of pills.”

As I was sitting at the George Inn I saw a coach, with six bay horses, a calash and four, a chaise and four, enter the inn, in yellow livery turned up with red; and four gentlemen on horseback, in blue trimmed with silver. As yellow is the color given by the dukes in England, I went out to see what duke it was, but there was no coronet on the coach, only a plain coat-of-arms, with the motto ARGENTO LABORAT FABER [_Smith works for money_]. Upon inquiry I found this grand equipage belonged to a mountebank named Smith.--_A Tour through England_ (1723).

SOLOMON (_Dr._), eighteenth century. His “anti-impetigines” was simply a solution of _bichloride of mercury_, colored.

TAYLOR (_Dr. Chevalier John_). He called himself “Opthalminator, Pontificial, Imperial, and Royal.” It is said that five of his horses were blind from experiments tried by him on their eyes (died 1767).

⁂ Hogarth has introduced Dr. Taylor in his “Undertakers’ Arms.” He is one of the three figures at the top, to the left hand of the spectator.

UNBORN DOCTOR (_The_), of Moorfields. Not being born a doctor, he called himself “The Un-born Doctor.”

WALKER (_Dr._), one of the three great quacks of the eighteenth century, the others being Dr. Rock and Dr. Timothy Franks. Dr. Walker had an abhorrence of quacks, and was for ever cautioning the public not to trust them, but come at once to him, adding, “there is not such another medicine in the world as mine.”

Not for himself but for his country he prepares his gallipot, and seals up his precious drops for any country or any town, so great is his zeal and philanthropy.--Goldsmith, _A Citizen of the World_, lxviii. (1759).

WARD (_Dr._), a footman, famous for his “friars’ balsam.” He was called in to prescribe for George II., and died 1761. Dr. Ward had a claret stain on his left cheek, and in Hogarth’s famous picture, “The Undertakers’ Arms,” the cheek is marked gules. He occupies the right hand side of the spectator, and forms one of the triumvirate, the others being Dr. Taylor and Mrs. Mapp.

Dr. Kirlëus and Dr. Tom Saffold are also known names.

=Quackleben= (_Dr. Quentin_), “the man of medicine,” one of the committee at the Spa.--Sir W. Scott, _St. Ronan’s Well_ (time, George III.).

=Quaint= (_Timothy_), servant of Governor Heartall. Timothy is “an odd fish, that loves to swim in troubled waters.” He says, “I never laugh at the governor’s good humors, nor frown at his infirmities. I always keep a steady, sober phiz, fixed as the gentleman’s on horseback at Charing Cross; and, in his worst of humors, when all is fire and faggots with him, if I turn round and coolly say, ‘Lord, sir, has anything ruffled you?’ he’ll burst out into an immoderate fit of laughter, and exclaim, ‘Curse that inflexible face of thine! Though you never suffer a smile to mantle on it, it is a figure of fun to the rest of the world.”--Cherry, _The Soldier’s Daughter_ (1804).

=Quaker Poet= (_The_), Bernard Barton (1784-1849).

=Quaker Widow.= Gentle old dame who, on the afternoon of her husband’s funeral, tells to a kindly visitor the simple story of her blameless life, its joys and sorrows, and of the light that comes at eventide.

“It is not right to wish for death; The Lord disposes best. His spirit comes to quiet hearts And fits them for His rest. And that He halved our little flock Was merciful, I see; For Benjamin has two in Heaven, And two are left with me.”

Bayard Taylor, _The Quaker Widow_.

=Quale= (_Mr._), a philanthropist, noted for his bald, shining forehead. Mrs. Jellyby hopes her daughter, Caddy, will become Quale’s wife.--Charles Dickens, _Bleak House_ (1853).

=Quarl= (_Philip_), a sort of Robinson Crusoe, who had a chimpanzee for his “man Friday.” The story consists of the adventures and sufferings of an English hermit named Philip Quarl (1727).

=Quasimo´do=, a foundling, hideously deformed, but of enormous muscular strength, adopted by Archdeacon Frollo. He is brought up in the cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris. One day, he sees Esmeralda, who had been dancing in the cathedral close, set upon by a mob as a witch, and he conceals her for a time in the church. When, at length, the beautiful gypsy girl is gibbeted, Quasimodo disappears mysteriously, but a skeleton corresponding to the deformed figure is found after a time in a hole under the gibbet.--Victor Hugo, _Notre Dame de Paris_ (1831).

=Quatre Filz Aymon= (_Les_), the four sons of the duke of Dordona (_Dordogne_). Their names are Rinaldo, Guicciardo, Alardo, and Ricciardetto (_i.e._ Renaud, Guiscard, Alard, and Richard), and their adventures form the subject of an old French romance by Huon de Villeneuve (twelfth century).

=Quaver=, a singing-master, who says “if it were not for singing-masters, men and women might as well have been born dumb.” He courts Lucy by promising to give her singing lessons.--Fielding, _The Virgin Unmasked_.

=Queechy.= Farmstead to which the Rossiters retired after the ruin of their fortunes in New York. Old-fashioned house and not productive land.--Susan Warner, _Queechy_ (1852).

=Queen= (_The Starred Ethiop_), Cassiopēia, wife of Cepheus (2 _syl._), king of Ethiopia. She boasted that she was fairer than the sea-nymphs, and the offended nereids complained of the insult to Neptune, who sent a sea-monster to ravage Ethiopia. At death, Cassiopeia was made a constellation of thirteen stars.

... that starred Ethiop queen that strove To set her beauty’s praise above The sea-nymphs, and their powers offended.

Milton, _Il Penseroso_, 19 (1638).

_Queen_ (_The White_), Mary queen of Scots, _La Reine Blanche_; so called by the French, because she dressed in white as mourning for her husband.

=Queen Dick=, Richard Cromwell (1626, 1658-1660, died 1712).

⁂ _It happened in the reign of Queen Dick_, never, on the Greek kalends. This does not refer to Richard Cromwell, but to Queen “Outis.” There never was a Queen Dick, except by way of joke.

=Queen Sarah=, Sarah Jennings, duchess of Marlborough (1660-1744).

Queen Anne only reigned while Queen Sarah governed.--_Temple Bar_, 208.

=Queen Square Hermit=, Jeremy Bentham, 1 Queen Square, London (1748-1832).

=Queen of Hearts=, Elizabeth Stuart, daughter of James I., the unfortunate queen of Bohemia (1596-1662).

=Queen of Heaven=, Ashtoreth (“the moon”). Horace calls the moon “the two-horned queen of the stars.”

Some speak of the Virgin Mary as “the queen of heaven.”

=Queen of Queens.= Cleopatra was so called by Mark Antony (B.C. 69-30).

=Queen of Song=, Angelica Catala´ni; also called “the Italian Nightingale” (1782-1849).

=Queen of Sorrow=, the marble tomb at Delhi called the Taj-Mahul, built by Shah Jehan for his wife, Moomtaz-i-Mahul.

=Queen of Tears=, Mary of Mo´dena, second wife of James II. of England (1658-1718).

Her eyes became eternal fountains of sorrow for that crown her own ill policy contributed to lose.--Noble, _Memoirs, etc._ (1784).

=Queen of the East=, Zenobia, queen of Palmy´ra (*, 266-273).

=Queen of the South=, Maqueda, or Balkis, queen of Sheba, or Saba.

The queen of the south ... came from the uttermost parts of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon.--_Matt._ xii. 42; see also 1 _Kings_ x. 1.

⁂ According to tradition, the queen of the south had a son by Solomon, named Melech, who reigned in Ethiopia or Abyssinia, and added to his name the words Belul Gian (“precious stone”), alluding to a ring given to him by Solomon. Belul Gian translated into Latin, became _pretiosus Joannes_, which got corrupted into Prester John (_presbyter Johannes_), and has given rise to the fables of this “mythical king of Ethiopia.”

=Queen of the Swords.= Minna Troil was so called, because the gentlemen, formed into two lines, held their swords so as to form an arch or roof under which Minna led the ladies of the party.--Sir W. Scott, _The Pirate_ (time, William III.).

⁂ In 1877, W. Q. Orchardson, R. A., exhibited a picture in illustration of this incident.

=Queen= (_My_).

But thou thyself shall not come down From that pure region far above, But keep thy throne and wear thy crown, Queen of my heart and queen of love! A monarch in thy realm complete, And I a monarch--at thy feet!

William Winter, _Wanderers_ (1889).

=Queens= (_Four Daughters_). Raymond Ber´enger, count of Provence, had four daughters, all of whom married kings; Margaret married Louis IX. of France; Eleanor married Henry III. of England; Sancha married Henry’s brother, Richard, king of the Romans; and Beatrice married Charles I. of Naples and Sicily.

Four daughters were there born To Raymond Ber´enger, and every one Became a queen.

Dantê, _Paradise_, vi. (1311).

=Quentin= (_Black_), groom of Sir John Ramorny.--Sir W. Scott, _Fair Maid of Perth_ (time, Henry IV.).

=Quentin Durward=, a novel by Sir W. Scott (1823). A story of French history. The delineations of Louis XI., and Charles the Bold, of Burgundy, will stand comparison with any in the whole range of fiction or history.

=Quern-Biter=, the sword of Haco I. of Norway.

Quern-biter of Hacon the Good Wherewith at a stroke he hewed The millstone thro’ and thro’.

Longfellow.

=Querno= (_Camillo_), of Apulia, was introduced to Pope Leo X., as a buffoon, but was promoted to the laurel. This laureate was called the “Antichrist of Wit.”

Rome in her capitol saw Querno sit, Throned on seven hills, the antichrist of wit.

Pope, _The Dunciad_, ii. (1728).

=Querpo= (_Shrill_), in Garth’s _Dispensary_, is meant for Dr. Howe.

To this design shrill Querpo did agree, A zealous member of the faculty, His sire’s pretended pious steps he treads, And where the doctor fails, the saint succeeds.

_Dispensary_, iv. (1699).

=Questing Beast= (_The_), a monster called Glatisaunt, that made a noise called questing, “like thirty couple of hounds giving quest” or cry. King Pellinore (3 _syl._) followed the beast for twelve months (pt. i. 17), and after his death Sir Palomidês gave it chase.

The questing beast had in shape and head like a serpent’s head, and a body like a libard, buttocks like a lion, and footed like a hart; and in his body there was such a noise as it had been the noise of thirty couple of hounds questing, and such a noise that beast made wheresoever he went; and this beast evermore Sir Palomides followed.--Sir T. Malory, _History of Prince Arthur_, i. 17; ii. 53 (1470).

=Quiara and Mon´nema=, man and wife, the only persons who escaped the ravages of the small-pox plague which carried off all the rest of the Guara´ni race, in Paraguay. They left the fatal spot, settled in the Mondai woods, had one son, Yerūti, and one daughter, Mooma; but Quiāra was killed by a jagŭar before the latter was born.--Southey, _A Tale of Paraguay_ (1814). (See MONNEMA[TN-113] and MOOMA.)

=Quick= (_Abel_), clerk to Surplus, the lawyer.--J. M. Morton, _A Regular Fix_.

_Quick_ (_John_), called “The Retired Diocletian of Islington” (1748-1831).

Little Quick, the retired Diocletian of Islington, with his squeak like a Bart’lemew fiddle.--Charles Mathews.

=Quickly= (_Mistress_), servant-of-all-work, to Dr. Caius, a French physician. She says, “I wash, wring, brew, bake, scour, dress meat and drink, make the beds, and do all myself.” She is the go-between of three suitors for “sweet Anne Page,” and with perfect disinterestedness wishes all three to succeed, and does her best to forward the suit of all three, “but speciously of Master Fenton.”--Shakespeare, _Merry Wives of Windsor_ (1601).

_Quickly_ (_Mistress Nell_), a hostess of a tavern in East-cheap, frequented by Harry, prince of Wales, Sir John Falstaff, and all their disreputable crew. In _Henry V._ Mistress Quickly is represented as having married Pistol, the “lieutenant of Captain Sir John’s army.” All three die before the end of the play. Her description of Sir John Falstaff’s death (_Henry V._ act ii. sc. 3) is very graphic and true to nature. In 2 _Henry IV._ Mistress Quickly arrests Sir John for debt, but immediately she hears of his commission is quite willing to dismiss the bailiffs, and trust “the honey sweet” old knight again to any amount.--Shakespeare, 1 and 2 _Henry IV._ and _Henry V._

=Quid= (_Mr._), the tobacconist, a relative of Mrs. Margaret Bertram.--Sir W. Scott, _Guy Mannering_ (time, George II.).

=Quid Rides=, the motto of Jacob Brandon, tobacco-broker, who lived at the close of the eighteenth century. It was suggested by Harry Calendon of Lloyd’s coffee-house.

⁂ _Quid Ridês_ (Latin) means “Why do you laugh?” _Quid rides_, _i.e._ “the tobacconist rides.”

=Quidnunc= (_Abraham_), of St. Martin’s-in-the-Fields, an upholsterer by trade, but bankrupt. His head “runs only on schemes for paying off the National Debt, the balance of power, the affairs of Europe, and the political news of the day.”

⁂ The prototype of this town politician was the father of Dr. Arne (see _The Tatler_, No. 155).

_Harriet Quidnunc_, his daughter, rescued by Belmour from the flames of a burning house, and adored by him.

_John Quidnunc_, under the assumed name of Rovewell, having married a rich planter’s widow, returns to England, pays his father’s debts, and gives his sister to Mr. Belmour for wife.--Murphy, _The Upholsterer_ (1758).

=Quidnuncs=, a name given to the ancient members of certain political clubs, who were constantly inquiring, “Quidnunc? What news?”

This the Great Mother dearer held than all The clubs of Quidnuncs, or her own Guildhall.

Pope, _The Dunciad_, i. 269 (1728).

=Quidnunkis=, a monkey which climbed higher than its neighbors, and fell into a river. For a few moments the monkey-race stood panic-struck, but the stream flowed on, and in a minute or two the monkeys continued their gambols as if nothing had happened.--Gay, _The Quidnunkis_ (a fable, 1726).

=Quildrive= (2 _syl._), clerk to old Philpot “the citizen.”--Murphy, _The Citizen_ (1761).

=Quilp= (_Daniel_), a hideous dwarf, cunning, malicious, and a perfect master in tormenting. Of hard, forbidding features, with head and face large enough for a giant. His black eyes were restless, sly, and cunning; his mouth and chin bristly with a coarse, hard beard; his face never clean, but always distorted with a ghastly grin, which showed the few discolored fangs that supplied the place of teeth. His dress consisted of a large high-crowned hat, a worn-out dark suit, a pair of most capacious shoes, and a huge crumpled dirty white neck-cloth. Such hair as he had was a grizzled black, cut short but hanging about his ears in fringes. His hands were coarse and dirty; his fingernails crooked, long, and yellow. He lived on Tower Hill, collected rents, advanced money to seamen, and kept a sort of wharf, containing rusty anchors, huge iron rings, piles of rotten wood, and sheets of old copper, calling himself a ship-breaker. He was on the point of being arrested for felony, when he drowned himself.

He ate hard eggs, shell and all, for his breakfast, devoured gigantic prawns with their heads and tails on, chewed tobacco and water-cresses at the same time, drank scalding hot tea without winking, bit his fork and spoon till they bent again, and performed so many horrifying acts, that one might doubt if he were indeed human.--Ch. v.

_Mrs. Quilp_ (_Betsy_), wife of the dwarf, a loving, young, timid, obedient, and pretty blue-eyed little woman, treated like a dog by her diabolical husband, whom she really loved but more greatly feared.--C. Dickens, _The Old Curiosity Shop_ (1840).

=Quinnailon= (_Father_). Benevolent priest in Xerxes, a Western town. He succors the suffering of whatever creed and conditions, and shares his little all with the needy. When appointed bishop, he goes to Rome to beg for permission to decline the honor.

“I will fall at the feet of the Holy Father, and beseech him not to make a bishop out of a poor, simple old man who cannot bear so great a burden; but to let me come back and die among my dear people!”--Octave Thanet, _Quilters in the Sun_ (1877).

=Quinap´alus=, the Mrs. Harris of “authorities in citations.” If any one quotes from an hypothetical author, he gives Quinapalus as his authority.

What says Quinapalus: “Better a witty fool than a foolish wit.”--Shakespeare, _Twelfth Night_, act.[TN-114] i. sc. 5 (1614).

=Quinbus Flestrin= (_the “man-mountain”_). So the Lilliputians called Gulliver (ch. ii.).--Swift, _Gulliver’s Travels_ (“Voyage to Lilliput,” 1726).

=Quince= (_Peter_), a carpenter, who undertakes the management of the play called “Pyramus and Thisbê,” in _Midsummer Night’s Dream_. He speaks of “laughable tragedy,” “lamentable comedy,” “tragical mirth,” and so on.--Shakespeare, _Midsummer Night’s Dream_ (1592).

=Quino´nes= (_Suero de_), in the reign of Juan II. He, with nine other cavaliers, held the bridge of Orbigo against all comers for thirty-six days, and in that time they overthrew seventy-eight knights of Spain and France.

=Quintano´na=, the duenna of Queen Guinever or Ginebra.--Cervantes, _Don Quixote_, II. ii. 6 (1615).

=Quintessence= (_Queen_), sovereign of Entéléchie, the country of speculative science visited by Pantag´ruel and his companions in their search for “the oracle of the Holy Bottle.”--Rabelais, _Pantagruel_, v. 19 (1545).

=Quin´tiquinies´tra= (_Queen_), a much-dreaded, fighting giantess. It was one of the romances of Don Quixote’s library condemned by the priest and barber of the village to be burnt.--Cervantes, _Don Quixote_, I. (1605).

=Quintus Fixlein= [_Fix.line_], the title and chief character of a romance by Jean Paul Friedrich Richter (1796).

Francia, like Quintus Fixlein, had perennial fireproof joys, namely, employments.--Carlyle.

=Quiri´nus=, Mars.

Now, by our sire Quirīnus, It was a goodly sight To see the thirty standards Swept down the stream of flight.

Lord Macaulay, _Lays of Ancient Rome_ (“Battle of the Lake Regillus,” xxxvi., 1842).

=Quitam= (_Mr._), the lawyer at the Black Bear inn at Darlington.--Sir W. Scott, _Rob Roy_ (time, George I.).

⁂ The first two words in an action on a penal statute are _Qui tam_. Thus, _Qui tam pro domina regina, quam pro seipso, sequitur_.

=Quixa´da= (_Gutierre_), lord of Villagarcia. Don Quixote calls himself a descendant of this brave knight.--Cervantes, _Don Quixote_, I. (1605).

=Quixote= (_Don_), a gaunt country gentleman of La Mancha, about 50 years of age, gentle, and dignified, learned and high-minded; with strong imagination perverted by romance, and crazed with ideas of chivalry. He is the hero of a Spanish romance by Cervantes. Don Quixote feels himself called on to become a knight-errant to defend the oppressed, and succor the injured. He engages for his squire Sancho Panza, a middle-aged, ignorant rustic, selfish, but full of good sense, a gourmand, attached to his master, shrewd and credulous. The knight goes forth on his adventures, thinks _wind-mills_ to be giants, _flocks of sheep_ to be armies, _inns_ to be castles, and _galley-slaves_ oppressed gentlemen; but the squire sees them in their true light. Ultimately, the knight is restored to his right mind, and dies like a peaceful Christian. The object of this romance was to laugh down the romances of chivalry of the Middle Ages.

(Quixote means “armor for the thighs,” but Quixada means “lantern jaws.” Don Quixote’s favorite author was Feliciano de Sylva; his model knight was Am´adis de Gaul. The romance is in two parts, of four books each. Pt. I. was published in 1605, and pt. II. in 1615.)

The prototype of the knight was the duke of Lerma.

Don Quixote is a tall, meagre, lantern-jawed, hawk-nosed, long-limbed, grizzle-haired man, with a pair of large black whiskers, and he styles himself “The Knight of the Woeful Countenance.”--Cervantes, _Don Quixote_, II. i. 14 (1615).

_Don Quixote’s Horse_, Rosinantê (4 _syl._), all skin and bone.

_Quixote_ (_The Female_), or _Adventures of Arabella_, a novel by Mrs. Lennox (1752).

=Quixote of the North= (_The_), Charles XII. of Sweden; sometimes called “The Madman” (1682, 1697-1718).

=Quodling= (_The Rev. Mr._), chaplain to the duke of Buckingham.--Sir W. Scott, _Peveril of the Peak_ (time, Charles II.).

=Quos Ego--=, a threat intended but withheld; a sentence broken off. Eŏlus, angry with the winds and storms which had thrown the sea into commotion without his sanction, was going to say he would punish them severely for this act of insubordination; but having uttered the first two words, “Whom I----,” he says no more, but proceeds to the business in hand.--Virgil, _Æneid_, i.

“Next Monday,” said he, “you will be a ‘substance,’ and then----;” with which _quos ego_ he went to the next boy.--Dasent, _Half a Life_ (1850).

=Quo´tem= (_Caleb_), a parish clerk or Jack-of-all-trades.--G. Colman, _The Review, or The Ways of Windsor_.

I resolved like Caleb Quotem, to have a place at the review.--Washington Irving.

=R= Neither Demosthĕnês nor Aristotle could pronounce the letter _r_.

_R_ (_rogue_), vagabonds, etc., who were branded on the left shoulder with this letter.

They ... may be burned with a hot burning iron, of the breadth of a shilling, with a great Roman R on the left shoulder, which letter shall remain as a mark of a rogue.--Pyrnne,[TN-115] _Histriomastix_, or _The Player’s Scourge_.

If I escape the halter with the letter R Printed upon it.

Massinger, _A New Way to Pay Old Debts_, iv. 2 (1629).

=Rab´agas=, an advocate and editor of a journal called the _Carmagnole_. At the same office was published another radical paper, called the _Crapaud Volant_. Rabagas lived in the kingdom of Monaco, and was a demagogue leader of the deepest red; but was won over to the king’s party by the tact of an American lady, who got him an invitation to dine at the palace, and made him chief minister of state. From this moment he became the most strenuous opponent of the “liberal” party.--M. Sardou, _Rabagas_ (1872).

=Rabbi Jehosha=, wise teacher, whose good words are recorded in James Russell Lowell’s poem “_What Rabbi Jehosha Said_.”

=Rabbi Abron of Trent=, a fictitious sage, and most wonderful linguist. “He knew the nature of all manner of herbs, beasts and minerals.”--_Reynard the Fox_, xii. (1498).

=Rabelais= (_The English_). Dean Swift was so called by Voltaire (1667-1745).

Sterne (1713-1768) and Thomas Amory (1699-1788) have also been so called.

_Rabelais_ (_The Modern_), William Maginn (1794-1842).

=Rabelais of Germany=, J. Fischart, called “Mentzer” (1550-1614).