Part 3
1. The cells are the same as the true Calvilles, very large and open.--2. The calycinal tube is wide and generally very short.--3. They are slightly narrowed towards the eye, and flattened towards the stalk.--4. Their ribs are very prominent, especially round the eye.--5. They are aromatic, and have not the balsamic flavor of the true Calvilles.--6. Their flesh is fine, opaque, a little succulent, and almost equal to the Reinettes.
_The Groups are the same as in the First Order._
CLASS II. MALA PYRARIA.--_PEAR-SHAPED APPLES._
Their flavor is neither balsamic nor aromatic; they are purely sweet or acid, their flesh is granulous and loose.
ORDER I. TREMARIA.--_SEEDS LOOSE._
1. These are almost always large apples, the skin of which is neither unctuous nor covered with bloom.--2. They are also furnished with ribs, but they are not so regular as in the Calvilles.--3. The cells are very large, irregular, widened, and generally open.--4. The calycinal tube is most generally widely conical, and does not extend to the cells.--5. They are of a flattened, conical, cylindrical, or pointed shape.--6. Their flesh is loose, more often a little coarse, and of a slight balsamic flavor.--7. The leaves of these trees are very large, rather deeply dentated, and less downy than those of the Calvilles and Bastard Calvilles.
GROUP 1. FRUCTUS UNICOLORES.--_FRUIT SELF-COLORED._
Green, greenish-yellow, or golden yellow, and lightly tinged with red.
GROUP 2. FRUCTUS BICOLORES.--_TWO COLORED._
Yellow or green, and distinctly striped or washed with red.
ORDER II. RAMBURA.--_RAMBURES._
1. They are all very large.--2. They have almost always the two halves unequal.--3. They are constantly broader than high, and appear sometimes higher than they are.--4. They are not furnished with ribs except round the eye; these ribs are often irregular in numbers, and frequently form broad projections on the fruit.--5. They do not decay, but shrivel when they are past maturity.--6. The flesh is coarsely granulous, rarely aromatic, often, nevertheless, very agreeable.
GROUP 1. CAPSULIS AMPLIS.--_CELLS WIDE._
GROUP 2. CAPSULIS ANGUSTIS.--_CELLS NARROW._
SECTION II.
SPHÆROIDEA.--_SPHERICAL APPLES._
They have sometimes prominences on the fruit and round the eye, but never true ribs.
CLASS III. MALA MESPILARIA.--_MEDLAR-SHAPED APPLES._
Their flavor is sweet, aromatic, similar to that of the rose, fennel, or anise.
ORDER I. APIANA.--_APIS OR ROSE APPLES._
1. Their flesh is soft, loose, marrowy, very fine-grained and of a snow-white color.--2. The cells are almost always regular and closed.--3. They are regularly ribbed round the eye, and often also over the fruit, but sometimes not at all ribbed.--4. They have a balsamic flavor, accompanied with a very agreeable odor.--5. They emit a pleasant odor, especially when briskly rubbed.--6. When they are on the tree, they are frequently covered with blue bloom, and striped like a tulip.--7. The fruit is mostly small or middle sized.--8. They are mostly of short duration, and lose their good flavor the same year.
GROUP 1. FRUCTUS OBLONGI.--_OBLONG FRUIT._
GROUP 2. FRUCTUS SPHÆRICI.--_ROUND OR FLATTENED FRUIT._
ORDER II. REINETTA.--_REINETTES._
1. These are apples which have generally the most regular and handsome shape; having the bulge in the middle, at the same distance from the eye as from the stalk.--2. All are dotted, clouded, or entirely covered with russet.--3. They are very rarely inclined to be unctuous, but generally rough when handled.--4. They all decay very readily, (they must therefore be left as long as possible on the tree.)--5. Their flesh is fine-grained, crisp, firm, or fine and delicate.--6. They are all charged with only a balsamic, sugary acid, which is called Reinette flavored.
GROUP 1. FRUCTUS UNICOLORES.--_SELF COLORED._
1. Having an uniform green ground color, which changes to the most beautiful golden yellow.--2. Having no lively colors nor marks of russet, on the side next the sun; except those that are very much exposed, and are slightly tinged with red.--3. Having no covering of russet, but only slight traces of russety stripes.
GROUP 2. FRUCTUS RUBRI.--_FRUIT RED._
Having all the properties of the self colored Reinettes; but on the side next the sun, they are of a red color, with a mixture of russet.
GROUP 3. FRUCTUS RAVI.--_FRUIT RUSSETED._
1. Their ground color is green, changing to dingy dull yellow.--2. The coatings of russet are very conspicious.--3. The side next the sun is often dingy, brownish, or ochreous-red.--4. They all decay very readily.
GROUP 4. FRUCTUS AUREI.--_YELLOW OR GOLDEN FRUIT._
GOLDEN REINETTES.
1. On the side next the sun they are washed or striped with beautiful crimson.--2. The ground color changes by keeping, to beautiful deep yellow.--3. Over the crimson there is a light, thin trace, or complete covering of russet.
CLASS IV. MALA MALARIA.--_PERFECT OR PURE APPLE SHAPED._
They are of a perfectly sweet or vinous flavor, approaching to pure acid.
ORDER I. STRIOLA.--_STRIPED APPLES._
1. They are all, and almost always, marked with broken stripes of red.--2. These are either over the whole fruit, or only indistinctly on the side exposed to the sun.--3. The stripes may all be distinct, that is, clearly and finely striped; or between these stripes on the side next the sun, the fruit is dotted, shaded, or washed with red; but on the shaded side, the stripes are well defined.--4. The cells are regular.--5. The fruit does not decay, except when gathered before maturity, or after the period when it has been properly ripened.
GROUP 1. FRUCTUS DEPRESSI.--_FRUIT FLAT._
1. They have the bulge at the same distance from the eye, as from the stalk, and are broadly flattened.--2. They are always half an inch broader than high.
GROUP 2. FRUCTUS ACUMINATI.--_POINTED FRUIT._
1. They are broader than high.--2. They diminish from the middle of the apple towards the eye, so that the superior half is conical or pyramidal, and is not at all similiar to the inferior half.
GROUP 3. FRUCTUS OBLONGI.--_FRUIT OBLONG OR CYLINDRICAL._
1. The height and breadth are almost equal.--2. They diminish gradually from the base to the apex.--3. Or from the middle of the fruit, they gradually diminish towards the base and apex equally.
GROUP 4. FRUCTUS SPHÆRICI.--_FRUIT ROUND._
1. The convexity of the fruit next the base and the apex is the same.--2. The breadth does not differ from the height, except only about a quarter of an inch.--3. When laid on their sides they present a spherical shape.
ORDER II. CONTUBERNALIA.--_STORING OR HOUSEHOLD APPLES._
1. Having the cells regular.--2. They are not striped, and are either of an uniform color, or washed with red on the side next the sun.--3. They do not decay readily.--4. They are not unctuous when handled.--5. They are never covered with bloom.
GROUP 1. FRUCTUS ACUMINATI.--_FRUIT TAPERING._
Diminishing towards the eye.
GROUP 2. FRUCTUS DEPRESSI.--_FRUIT FLAT._
They are constantly broader than high.
* * * * *
Such is the classification of Dochnahl, and although it is not all that could be desired, it is certainly the best which has yet been published, and will serve as a good foundation on which to raise a more perfect work.
I have not had an opportunity of applying either of these arrangements to the classification of our British apples, but for the purpose of affording a little assistance in identifying the different varieties described in this work, I have prepared the following, which, although I am aware is not what could be desired, will at least be sufficient for all general purposes. The period of duration, and the coloring of fruits, vary to a considerable extent according to circumstances of soil, situation, and season; but in the following arrangement, I have endeavored to embrace those characters which they are most generally found to possess.
I. SUMMER APPLES.
Consisting of such as either ripen on the tree, or shortly after being gathered, and which generally do not last longer than the beginning of October.
§--ROUND, ROUNDISH, OR OBLATE.
A. PALE COLORED.
_Being either of an uniform pale color, or occasionally tinged with faint red._
Calville Blanche d’Eté Dutch Codlin Early Harvest Early Julien Early Spice Joanneting Large Yellow Bough Madeleine Oslin Sack and Sugar Stirzaker’s Early Square
B. STRIPED.
_Being wholly or partially marked with stripes, either on a pale or colored ground._
Borovitsky Duchess of Oldenburgh Nonesuch Ravelstone Pippin Whorle
C. RED.
_Having either a cloud of red on the side next the sun, or entirely covered with red._
Calville Rouge d’Eté Calville Rouge de Micoud Cole Devonshire Quarrenden Irish Peach Maiden’s Blush Passe Pomme d’Automne Passe Pomme Rouge Red Astrachan
§§--OBLONG, CONICAL, OVAL, OR OVATE.
A. PALE COLORED.
_Being either of an uniform pale color, or occasionally tinged with faint red._
Carlisle Codlin Early Wax English Codlin Keswick Codlin Manks Codlin Springrove Codlin Sugar Loaf Pippin Summer Golden Pippin Teuchat’s Egg White Astrachan
B. STRIPED.
_Being wholly or partially marked with stripes, either on a pale or colored ground._
American Summer Pearmain Creeper Kerry Pippin Longville’s Kernel Margaret Pigeonnet
C. RED.
_Having either a cloud of red on the side next the sun, or entirely covered with red._
Dr. Helsham’s Pippin Hollow Core King of the Pippins Sugar and Brandy
II. AUTUMN APPLES.
Including such as are in use from the time of gathering to Christmas.
§--ROUND, ROUNDISH, OR OBLATE.
A. PALE COLORED.
_Being either of an uniform pale color, or occasionally tinged with faint red._
American Fall Bland’s Jubilee Breedon Pippin Bridgewater Pippin Broadend Broad Eyed Pippin Cobham Dowell’s Pippin Downton Pippin Drap d’Or Early Nonpareil Flanders Pippin Forest Stire Franklin’s Golden Pippin Gloria Mundi Golden Monday Golden Noble Gooseberry Apple Grange Harvey Apple Pawsan Small Stalk Stead’s Kernel Waltham Abbey Seedling White Westling Winter Lading Yellow Elliot
B. STRIPED.
_Being wholly or partially marked with stripes, either on a pale or colored ground._
Bachelor’s Glory Biggs’s Nonesuch Cellini Chester Pearmain Creed’s Marigold Elford Pippin Flushing Spitzenburgh Gravenstein Green Woodcock Hermann’s Pippin Hoary Morning Hollandbury Kentish Fill Basket Kingston Black Longstart Monkton Nanny Rabine Rambour Franc Red-Streak Red Streaked Rawling Siberian Harvey Summer Strawberry Trumpington
C. RED.
_Having either a cloud of red on the side next the sun, or entirely covered with red._
Api Etoillé Bere Court Pippin Borsdorffer Burn’s Seedling Calville Rouge d’Automne Cherry Apple Contin Reinette Flower of Kent Forge Foxley Glory of the West Greenup’s Pippin Hawthornden Isle of Wight Pippin Lady’s Delight De Neige Red-Must Rymer Scarlet Crofton Scarlet Tiffing Scotch Bridget Siberian Bitter Sweet Summer Broadend
D. RUSSET.
_Being entirely or to a great extent covered with russet._
Brown Kenting Cornish Aromatic Ten Shillings
§§--OBLONG, CONICAL, OVAL, OR OVATE.
A. PALE COLORED.
_Being either of an uniform pale color, or occasionally tinged with faint red._
Brookes’s Catshead Coccagee Costard Cray Pippin Green Tiffing Hargreave’s Green Sweet Harvey’s Wiltshire Defiance Isleworth Crab Kilkenny Pearmain Lucombe’s Pine Marmalade Melrose Monkland Pippin Nelson Codlin Pitmaston Golden Wreath Proliferous Reinette Sheep’s Nose Tarvey Codlin Toker’s Incomparable Transparent Codlin White Wine Wormsley Pippin Yellow Ingestrie
B. STRIPED.
_Being wholly or partially marked, with stripes, either on a pale or colored ground._
Augustus Pearmain Belle Bonne Colonel Vaughan’s Bennet Apple Best Bache Broughton Cowarne Red Duke of Beaufort’s Pippin Duncan Emperor Alexander Fill Basket Garter Glory of England Golden Streak Golden Winter Pearmain Hagloe Crab Mère de Ménage Moore’s Seedling Queen of Sauce Summer Pearmain White Paradise
C. RED.
_Having either a cloud of red on the side next the sun, or entirely covered with red._
Fox Whelp Friar Ganges Grey Leadington Kentish Pippin Long Nose Pigeon Red Ingestrie Wickham’s Pearmain Woodcock
D. RUSSET.
_Being entirely, or to a great extent covered with russet._
Bowyer’s Russet Patch’s Russet Pine Apple Russet
III.--WINTER APPLES.
Including such as are in use during the whole of the Winter and Spring.
§--ROUND, ROUNDISH, OR OBLATE.
A. PALE COLORED.
_Being either of an uniform pale color, or occasionally tinged with faint red._
Alfriston Bedfordshire Foundling Belledge Pippin Birmingham Pippin Blenheim Pippin Bringewood Pippin Calville Blanche d’Hiver Cluster Golden Pippin Court of Wick Devonshire Buckland Dredge’s Fair Maid of Wishford Dredge’s Fame Essex Pippin Fair’s Nonpareil Famagusta Fenouillet Jaune Gogar Pippin Golden Pippin Holland Pippin Hollow Crowned Pippin Hughes’s Golden Pippin Minchall Crab Morris’s Court of Wick Rambo Reinette Diel Reinette Franche Reinette Jaune Sucrée Reinette Vert Rhode Island Greening Saint Julien Screveton Golden Pippin Siely’s Mignonne Sleeping Beauty Spitzenberg Veiny Pippin Wyken Pippin Yellow Newtown Pippin
B. STRIPED.
_Being wholly or partially marked with stripes, either on a pale or colored ground._
Brabant Bellefleur Calville Rouge d’Hiver Caroline Christie’s Pippin Dutch Mignonne Fulwood Golden Reinette Gros Faros Hall Door Hambledon Deux Ans Hoskreiger Keeping Red Streak Kirke’s Lord Nelson Lincolnshire Holland Pippin Lucombe’s Seedling Newtown Spitzenberg Ribston Pippin Round Winter Nonesuch Royal Reinette Scarlet Nonpareil Selwood’s Reinette Shakespere Shepherd’s Fame Somerset Lasting Spice Apple Striped Beefing Striped Monstrous Reinette Taunton Golden Pippin Watson’s Dumpling West Grinstead Pippin Yorkshire Greening
C. RED.
_Having either a cloud of red on the side next the sun, or entirely covered with red._
Api Api Gros Api Noir Baddow Pippin Bank Belle Grisdeline Braddick’s Nonpareil Brickley Seedling Calville Malingre Clara Pippin Coul Blush Court-pendu Plat Dumelow’s Seedling Fair Maid of Taunton Fearn’s Pippin Harvey’s Pippin Haute Bonté London Pippin Mela Carla Minier’s Dumpling Newtown Pippin Nonpareil Norfolk Beefing Norfolk Paradise Northern Greening Osterley Pippin Padley’s Pippin Pearson’s Plate Petworth Nonpareil Pomewater Reinette de Breda Reinette Blanche d’Espagne Reinette de Canada Reinette Van Mons Rose de China Royal Shepherd Sir William Gibbons’s Sops in Wine Squire’s Greening Sturmer Pippin Surry Flat Cap Turk’s Cap Wanstall Wheeler’s Extreme White Virgin Winter Colman Winter Greening Winter Majetin
D. RUSSET.
_Being entirely, or to a great extent, covered with russet._
Acklam’s Russet Aromatic Russet Ashmead’s Kernel Boston Russet Byson Wood Russet Fenouillet Gris Fenouillet Rouge Golden Harvey Horsham Russet Keeping Russet Knobbed Russet Morris’s Russet New Rock Pippin Pennington’s Seedling Pile’s Russet Pitmaston Nonpareil Pomme Grise Powell’s Russet Reinette Carpentin Reinette Grise Robinson’s Pippin Ross Nonpareil Royal Russet Sam Young Sweeney Nonpareil Sykehouse Russet Wheeler’s Russet
§§--OBLONG, CONICAL, OVAL, OR OVATE.
A. PALE COLORED.
_Being either of an uniform pale color or occasionally tinged with faint red._
Barton’s Incomparable Beachamwell Bossom Cockle Pippin Coe’s Golden Drop Colonel Harbord’s Pippin Darling Pippin Hanwell Souring Hormead Pearmain Hunthouse Lemon Pippin Mitchelson’s Seedling Norfolk Stone Pippin Nottingham Pippin Oxnead Pearmain Pitmaston Golden Pippin Pope’s Apple Tower of Glammis Trumpeter Warner’s King Winter Codlin
B. STRIPED.
_Being wholly or partially marked with stripes, either on a pale or colored ground._
Adams’s Pearmain Baldwin Baxter’s Pearmain Beauty of Kent Benwell’s Pearmain Bess Pool Bristol Pearmain Claygate Pearmain Cornish Gilliflower Esopus Spitzenburgh Federal Pearmain Grange’s Pearmain Lamb Abbey Pearmain Lewis’s Incomparable Loan’s Pearmain Margil Parry’s Pearmain Royal Pearmain Scarlet Leadington Scarlet Pearmain Seek-no-Farther Winter Pearmain Winter Quoining
C. RED.
_Having either a cloud of red on the side next the sun, or entirely covered with red._
Barcelona Pearmain Farleigh Pippin Foulden Pearmain Hunt’s Deux Ans Hutton Square Irish Reinette Lady’s Finger Mannington’s Pearmain New York Pippin Ord’s Apple Petit Jean Pomeroy Ponto Pippin Russet Table Pearmain Tulip Vale Mascal Pearmain Violette Wadhurst Pippin Whitmore Pippin Woolman’s Long
D. RUSSET.
_Being entirely, or to a great extent, covered with russet._
Betsey Forman’s Crew Golden Knob Golden Pearmain Golden Russet Hubbard’s Pearmain Hunt’s Duke of Gloucester Martin Nonpareil Morris’s Nonpareil Russet Pinner Seedling Rosemary Russet Rushock Pearmain Uellner’s Gold Reinette
THE APPLE.--ITS VARIETIES.
1. ACKLAM’S RUSSET.--Fors.
IDENTIFICATION.--Fors. Treat. 92. Lind. Guide, 85. Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 3, n. 733.
SYNONYME.--Aclemy Russet, _Gibs. Fr. Gard._ 359.
Fruit, below the medium size, two inches and a quarter wide, and two inches high; round and somewhat flattened. Skin, pale yellow tinged with green, and covered with thin grey russet, particularly on the side exposed to the sun. Eye, small and closed, set in a smooth, round, and shallow basin. Stalk, short, inserted in a moderately deep cavity. Flesh, white with a greenish tinge, firm, crisp, juicy, and highly flavoured.
An excellent dessert apple of first-rate quality; ripe in November, and will keep under favourable circumstances till March.
The tree is very hardy, and an excellent bearer. It succeeds best in a dry soil, and is well adapted for espalier training.
This variety is supposed to have originated at the village of Acklam, in Yorkshire.
2. ADAMS’S PEARMAIN.--Lind.
IDENTIFICATION.--Lind. Guide, 60. Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 3, n. 529.
SYNONYME.--Norfolk Pippin, _Hort. Soc. Cat._ ed. 1, 685.
FIGURE.--Pom. Mag. t. 133.
[Illustration]
Fruit, large, varying from two inches and a half to three inches high and about the same in breadth at the widest part; pearmain-shaped, very even, and regularly formed. Skin, pale yellow tinged with green, and covered with delicate russet on the shaded side; but deep yellow tinged with red, and delicately streaked with livelier red on the side next the sun. Eye, small and open, with acute erect segments, set in a narrow, round, and plaited basin. Stalk, varying from half an inch to an inch long, obliquely inserted in a shallow cavity, and generally with a fleshy protuberance on one side of it. Flesh, yellowish, crisp, juicy, rich, and sugary, with an agreeable and pleasantly perfumed flavor.
A dessert apple of first-rate quality; in use from December to February. It is a large and very handsome variety, and worthy of general cultivation.
The tree is a free and healthy grower, producing long slender shoots, by which, and its cucullated ovate leaves, it is easily distinguished. It is an excellent bearer even in a young state, particularly on the paradise or doucin stock, and succeeds well as an espalier.
3. ALFRISTON.--Hort.
IDENTIFICATION.--Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 3, n. 8. Lind. Guide, 26. Down. Fr. Amer. 97.
SYNONYMES.--Lord Gwydyr’s Newtown Pippin, _Acc. Hort. Soc. Cat._ ed. 3. Oldaker’s New, _Ibid._ Shepherd’s Pippin, _in Sussex_. Shepherd’s Seedling, _Ibid._
FIGURE.--Ron. Pyr. Mal. pl. xxxv. f. 1.
[Illustration]
Fruit, of the largest size, generally about three inches and a half wide, and from two and three quarters to three inches high; roundish, and angular on the sides. Skin, greenish yellow on the shaded side, and tinged with orange next the sun, covered all over with veins, or reticulations of russet. Eye, open, set in a deep and uneven basin. Stalk, short, inserted in a deep cavity. Flesh, yellowish white, crisp, juicy, sugary, and briskly flavoured.
This is one of the largest and best culinary apples. It comes into use in the beginning of November and continues till April.
The tree is a strong and vigorous grower, very hardy, and an abundant bearer.
This variety is supposed to have been raised by a person of the name of Shepherd, at Uckfield, in Sussex, and has for many years been extensively cultivated in that county, under the names of _Shepherd’s Seedling_, and _Shepherd’s Pippin_, two names by which it is there most generally known. Some years ago a Mr. Brooker, of Alfriston, near Hailsham, in Sussex, sent specimens of the fruit to the London Horticultural Society, by whom, being unknown, it was called the _Alfriston_, a name by which it is now generally known, except in its native county. By some it is erroneously called the _Baltimore_ and _Newtown Pippin_.
4. AMERICAN FALL PIPPIN.--H.
SYNONYME.--Fall Pippin, _Coxe. View_, 109, _Down. Fr. Amer._ 84.
[Illustration]
Fruit, large, three inches and a quarter wide, and two inches and three quarters high; roundish, ribbed on the sides, and almost the same width at the apex as the base. Skin, yellow tinged with green, and strewed with brown dots on the shaded side; but with a tinge of brown, and numerous embedded pearly specks on the side next the sun. Eye, large and open, with broad, flat segments, set in a wide, deep, and rather angular basin. Stalk, three quarters of an inch long, inserted in a rather shallow cavity, which is slightly marked with russet. Flesh, yellowish, slightly tinged with green at the margin, tender, juicy, sugary, slightly perfumed, and pleasantly flavoured.
Unlike the majority of American Apples, this comes to great perfection in this country, and is a valuable and first-rate culinary apple. It is ripe in October and will last till Christmas.
This is the true Fall Pippin of the American orchards, and a very different variety from the Fall Pippin of this country, which is known by the names of Cobbett’s Fall Pippin, and Reinette Blanche d’Espagne.
5. AMERICAN SUMMER PEARMAIN.--Ken.
IDENTIFICATION.--Ken. Amer. Or. 1. Hort Soc. Cat. ed. 3. Down. Fr. Amer. 70.
SYNONYME.--Early Summer Pearmain, _Coxe. View_, 104.
Fruit, medium sized; oblong, regularly and handsomely shaped. Skin, yellow, covered with patches and streaks of light red, on the shaded side; and streaked with fine bright red, interspersed with markings of yellow on the side next the sun. Eye, set in a wide and deep basin. Stalk, slender, inserted in a round and deep cavity. Flesh, yellow, very tender, rich, and pleasantly flavored.
An excellent early apple, either for dessert or kitchen use. It is ripe in the end of August, and will keep till the end of September.
The tree is a healthy grower, a prolific bearer, and succeeds well on light soils.
6. API.--Duh.
IDENTIFICATION.--Duh. Arb. Fr. I. 309. Quint. Traité, 1, 202.
SYNONYMES.--Lady Apple, _Coxe. View_, 117. _Down. Fr. Amer._ 115. Pomme d’Apict, _Inst. Arb. Fr._ 154. Pomme Appease, _Worl. Vin._ 165. L’Api, _Bret. Ecole._ II. 478. Pomme d’Apis, _Knoop. Pom._ 68, t. xii. Api Rouge, _Poit. Pom. Franç._ t. 113. Pomme d’Api, _Fors. Treat._ 121. Petit Api Rouge, _Nois. Jard. Fr. ed._ 2, pl. 105. Api Petit, _Hort. Soc. Cat._ ed. 3, n. 11. Pomme Rose, _Acc. Hort. Soc. Cat._ erroneously. Pomme Dieu and Long Bois, _in some provinces of France_. Kleine Api Apfel, _Christ. Handb. ed._ 2, n. 145. Der Jungfernapfel, _Christ Handworter_, 17. Der Einfache, der Welsche Api, _Ibid._ Bollen oder Traubenapfel, _Ibid._ Api Roesje, _Ibid._ Appius Claudius, _Evelyn. Fr. Gard._ 124. Malus Apiosa, _Hort. Par._
FIGURES.--Duh. Arb. Fr. I. pl. ix. Brook. Pom. Brit. pl. lxxxvii. f. 1. Jard. fruit, ed. 2, pl. 105. Ron. Pyr. Mal. pl. xxxii. f. 1.
[Illustration]
Fruit, small; oblate. Skin, thick, smooth, and shining, yellowish green in the shade, changing to pale yellow as it attains maturity; and deep glossy red, approaching to crimson, on the side next the sun. Eye, small, set in a rather deep and plaited basin. Stalk, short, and deeply inserted. Flesh, white, crisp, tender, sweet, very juicy, and slightly perfumed.
A beautiful little dessert apple in use from October to April.
It should be eaten with the skin on, as it is there that the perfume is contained. The skin is very sensitive of shade, and any device may be formed upon it, by causing pieces of paper, in the form of the design required, to adhere on the side exposed to the sun, before it has attained its deep red color.
The tree is of a pyramidal habit of growth, healthy, and an abundant bearer. It succeeds well in almost any situation, provided the soil is rich, loamy, and not too light or dry; and may be grown with equal success either on the doucin, or crab stock. When worked on the French paradise it is well adapted for pot culture. The fruit is firmly attached to the spurs and forcibly resists the effects of high winds.