Chapter XIX
.
Footnote 327:
Ar. _Ran._ 800, quoted by Pollux, x. 148: cf. Plut. _Vit. Sol._ 25.
Footnote 328:
For representations of this process in Egyptian wall-paintings see Rosellini, _Mon. Civili_, ii. p. 255, pl. 49, 1, and Wilkinson, _Manners and Customs_, i. p. 344.
Footnote 329:
Isid. _Orig._ xix. 10, 16: _lateres ... inde nominati sunt quod lati ligneis formis efficiuntur_. Cf. _ibid._ xv. 8, 16.
Footnote 330:
See on the subject generally, Dörpfeld, _Die Verwendung von Terrakotten_, 1881, and Borrmann’s excellent treatise in Durm’s _Handbuch d. Architektur, Die Keramik in d. Baukunst_ (1. Theil, Bd. 4), p. 28 ff.; also Wiegand, _Puteol. Bauinschr._ pp. 719, 756 ff.
Footnote 331:
On the origin of ἀκρωτήρια see Benndorf in _Jahreshefte_, 1899, p. 1 ff.
Footnote 332:
Cf. _B.M. Cat. of Terracottas_, C 904.
Footnote 333:
Rayet and Collignon, pl. 16.
Footnote 334:
_Cat. of Terracottas_, D 707–8.
Footnote 335:
Boeckh, _Urkunde über Scewesen_ (_Staatshaushaltung_, iii.), p. 406.
Footnote 336:
_H.N._ xxxv. 151.
Footnote 337:
_H.N._ xxxv. 152.
Footnote 338:
i. 3, 1.
Footnote 339:
The use of the word ἄγαλμα also seems to point to this conclusion.
Footnote 340:
_Arch. Zeit._ 1882, pl. 15.
Footnote 341:
_J.H.S._ xiii. p. 315. See generally, Minervini, _Terrecotte del Museo Campano_.
Footnote 342:
See Furtwaengler, _Meisterwerke_, p. 250.
Footnote 343:
_Cat. of Terracottas_, C 910 ff.
Footnote 344:
A good example of a painted tile from Aegion in Achaia is in the British Museum (_Cat. of Terracottas_, C 908).
Footnote 345:
Cf. also the tiles from the temple at Elateia in Boeotia, described by M. Paris, _Élatée_, p. 106.
Footnote 346:
v. 10, 3. It is noteworthy that Pausanias here uses the word κέραμος, although the tiles are not of terracotta, indicating that it had become by long usage the generic word for tiles of all kinds. Cf. St. Luke v. 19.
Footnote 347:
See Dörpfeld, etc., _Verwendung von Terrakotten_, pls. 1–4; _Olympia_, ii. p. 193 ff.
Footnote 348:
See _Builder_, 4 March 1899, p. 219.
Footnote 349:
_Fatture di argille in Sicilia_, pp. 27, 31.
Footnote 350:
Becker in _Mélanges Gréco-Romaines_, i. (1854), p. 482 ff.
Footnote 351:
_Inscr. Gr._ ix. p. 164.
Footnote 352:
_Antiqs. of Kertch_, pp. 72, 75, pl. 7.
Footnote 353:
See _Brit. Mus. Cat. of Terracottas_, E 131 ff., E 186.
Footnote 354:
Boeckh, _C.I.G._ i. 541.
Footnote 355:
_Élatée_, p. 110.
Footnote 356:
See also _Ath. Mitth._ 1877, p. 441, for a long inscription from Sparta.
Footnote 357:
Others with ἐπί and a magistrate’s name are in the British Museum (_Cat. of Terracottas_, E 131–33, 186 ff.): see also _Inscr. Gr._ ix. 735 ff.
Footnote 358:
_B.M. Cat. of Terracottas_, E 130.
Footnote 359:
See Benndorf, _Gr. u. Sic. Vasenb._ p. 50, pl. 29, fig. 10; _Jahrbuch d. arch. Inst._ ii. (1887), p. 161; _Ath. Mitth._ 1897, p. 345; Hicks and Hill, _Gk. Hist. Inscrs._ p. 16.
Footnote 360:
_Musée de Sèvres_, p. 19.
Footnote 361:
_Ath. Mitth._ ii. (1877), pl. 8, p. 119; Daremberg and Saglio, _Dict._ i. p. 1260, fig. 1673.
Footnote 362:
Daremberg and Saglio, i. p. 338, fig. 399.
Footnote 363:
Cf. Stackelberg, _Gräber der Hellenen_, pl. 7; Dodwell, _Tour_, i. p. 452.
Footnote 364:
_Cat. of Terracottas_, B 494 ff.
Footnote 365:
Benndorf in _Eranos Vindobonensis_, p. 384.
Footnote 366:
Fig. 67.. Cf. also Berlin 2294, and see Daremberg and Saglio, _s.v._ Caminus.
Footnote 367:
_Jahrbuch_, vi. (1891), p. 110.
Footnote 368:
_B.M. Cat. of Terracottas_, E 156 ff.
Footnote 369:
See _J.H.S._ xiii. p. 80.
Footnote 370:
Cf. Macpherson, _Antiqs. of Kertch_, p. 103.
Footnote 371:
Boeckh, _C.I.G._ iii. 5686.
Footnote 372:
For examples of these see _B.M. Cat. of Terracottas_, E 93 ff.
Footnote 373:
ii. 62.
Footnote 374:
See Daremberg and Saglio, _art._ Lucerna, _init._; _Cyprus Mus. Cat._ p. 80.
Footnote 375:
vii. 215.
Footnote 376:
Ar. _Eccl._ 1; Axionikos, quoted by Pollux, x. 122.
Footnote 377:
The words φλόμος and θρυαλλίς seem to denote the _material_ of which the wick was made (cf. Pollux, x. 115).
Footnote 378:
Pollux, vi. 103; x. 115.
Footnote 379:
_Loc. cit. supr._
Footnote 380:
_Bull. dell’ Inst._ 1868, p. 59.
Footnote 381:
Probably an imitation of the projections on bronze lamps, to which chains for suspension were attached. See on this type _Amer. Journ. of Arch._ 1903, p. 338 ff.
Footnote 382:
Newton, _Travels and Discoveries_, ii. p. 184=_Discoveries_, ii. pt. 2, p. 395.
Footnote 383:
Barker and Ainsworth, _Lares and Penates_, p. 201.
Footnote 384:
See _C.I.L._ iii. Suppl. No. 7310.
Footnote 385:
_Div. Inst._ ii. 11.
Footnote 386:
Juvenal, xi. 116; Propertius, v. 1, 5; Ovid, _Fast._ i. 202.
Footnote 387:
_H.N._ xxxiv. 34.
Footnote 388:
_H.N._ xxxv. 151.
Footnote 389:
_Leg. pro Christ._ 17, 293, _ed._ Migne; see Blümner, _Technologie_, ii. p. 129, note 2.
Footnote 390:
_H.N._ xxxv. 153.
Footnote 391:
_Ibid._ 156.
Footnote 392:
_Apotheosis_, 458. See generally Blümner, ii. p. 140 ff.
Footnote 393:
Pollux, x. 189; Hesych., _s.v._; _Ber. d. sächs. Gesellsch._ 1854, p. 42; Blümner, ii. pp. 42, 117; and cf. p. 153 below.
Footnote 394:
Tertull. _Apol._ 12; _ad Nat._ i. 12.
Footnote 395:
_Anim. Gener._ ii. 6; _Hist. Anim._ iii. 5.
Footnote 396:
Plut. _De profect. in virt._ 17, p. 86 A; _Quaest. conviv._ ii. 3, 2, p. 636 C.
Footnote 397:
_De permut._ 2.
Footnote 398:
_Fab._ 137 (Teubner).
Footnote 399:
_Phil._ i. 9, § 47.
Footnote 400:
_Anth. P._ vi. 280.
Footnote 401:
_Phaedr._ 230 B.
Footnote 402:
Brongniart, _Traité_, i. p. 305.
Footnote 403:
_Op. et Di._ 60: ἐκλευσε ... γαῖαν ὕδει φύρειν.
Footnote 404:
_Anth. P._ xvi. 191.
Footnote 405:
_Statuettes de Terre Cuite_, p. 251.
Footnote 406:
_Cat. of Terracottas_, E 1 ff.
Footnote 407:
See also for some interesting moulds from Girgenti, _Röm. Mitth._ xii. (1897), p. 253 ff. Similar specimens have been found at Kertch and Smyrna.
Footnote 408:
See also on the subject C. C. Edgar, _Greek Moulds_ (_Cat. du Musée du Caire_, viii. 1903), pls. 23–8, 33, p. xiv ff. These moulds are nearly all made of plaster; but the account there given of the technical processes would hold good of terracotta moulds.
Footnote 409:
_Op. cit._ p. 254.
Footnote 410:
_Poplic._ 13: see