Part 25
_#_Other political or pressure groups: Popular Union for the Liberation of Guadeloupe (UPLG); Popular Movement for Independent Guadeloupe (MPGI); General Union of Guadeloupe Workers (UGTG); General Federation of Guadeloupe Workers (CGT-G); Christian Movement for the Liberation of Guadeloupe (KLPG)
_#_Member of: FZ, WCL, WFTU
_#_Diplomatic representation: as an overseas department of France, the interests of Guadeloupe are represented in the US by France
_#_Flag: the flag of France is used
_*_Economy _#_Overview: The economy depends on agriculture, tourism, light industry, and services. It is also dependent upon France for large subsidies and imports. Tourism is a key industry, with most tourists from the US. In addition, an increasingly large number of cruise ships visit the islands. The traditionally important sugarcane crop is slowly being replaced by other crops, such as bananas (which now supply about 50% of export earnings), eggplant, and flowers. Other vegetables and root crops are cultivated for local consumption, although Guadeloupe is still dependent on imported food, which comes mainly from France. Light industry consists mostly of sugar and rum production. Most manufactured goods and fuel are imported. Unemployment is especially high among the young.
_#_GDP: $1.1 billion, per capita $3,300; real growth rate NA% (1987)
_#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.3% (1988)
_#_Unemployment rate: 38% (1987)
_#_Budget: revenues $254 million; expenditures $254 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1989)
_#_Exports: $153 million (f.o.b., 1988);
commodities--bananas, sugar, rum;
partners--France 68%, Martinique 22% (1987)
_#_Imports: $1.2 billion (c.i.f., 1988);
commodities--vehicles, foodstuffs, clothing and other consumer goods, construction materials, petroleum products;
partners--France 64%, Italy, FRG, US (1987)
_#_External debt: $NA
_#_Industrial production: growth rate NA%
_#_Electricity: 171,500 kW capacity; 441 million kWh produced, 1,290 kWh per capita (1990)
_#_Industries: construction, cement, rum, sugar, tourism
_#_Agriculture: cash crops--bananas and sugarcane; other products include tropical fruits and vegetables; livestock--cattle, pigs, and goats; not self-sufficient in food
_#_Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-88), $4 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-88), $7.9 billion
_#_Currency: French franc (plural--francs); 1 French franc (F) = 100 centimes
_#_Exchange rates: French francs (F) per US$1--5.1307 (January 1991), 5.4453 (1990), 6.3801 (1989), 5.9569 (1988), 6.0107 (1987), 6.9261 (1986), 8.9852 (1985)
_#_Fiscal year: calendar year
_*_Communications _#_Railroads: privately owned, narrow-gauge plantation lines
_#_Highways: 1,940 km total; 1,600 km paved, 340 km gravel and earth
_#_Ports: Pointe-a-Pitre, Basse-Terre
_#_Civil air: 2 major transport aircraft
_#_Airports: 9 total, 9 usable, 8 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways over 3,659 m; 1 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 1 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
_#_Telecommunications: domestic facilities inadequate; 57,300 telephones; interisland radio relay to Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, and Martinique; stations--2 AM, 8 FM (30 private stations licensed to broadcast FM), 9 TV; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT ground station
_*_Defense Forces _#_Branches: French Forces, Gendarmerie
_#_Manpower availability: males 15-49, 98,069; NA fit for military service
_#_Note: defense is responsibility of France _%_ _@_Guam (territory of the US) _*_Geography _#_Total area: 541 km2; land area: 541 km2
_#_Comparative area: slightly more than three times the size of Washington, DC
_#_Land boundaries: none
_#_Coastline: 125.5 km
_#_Maritime claims:
Contiguous zone: 12 nm;
Continental shelf: 200 m (depth);
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;
Territorial sea: 12 nm
_#_Climate: tropical marine; generally warm and humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; dry season from January to June, rainy season from July to December; little seasonal temperature variation
_#_Terrain: volcanic origin, surrounded by coral reefs; relatively flat coraline limestone plateau (source of most fresh water) with steep coastal cliffs and narrow coastal plains in north, low-rising hills in center, mountains in south
_#_Natural resources: fishing (largely undeveloped), tourism (especially from Japan)
_#_Land use: arable land 11%; permanent crops 11%; meadows and pastures 15%; forest and woodland 18%; other 45%
_#_Environment: frequent squalls during rainy season; subject to relatively rare, but potentially very destructive typhoons (especially in August)
_#_Note: largest and southernmost island in the Mariana Islands archipelago; strategic location in western North Pacific Ocean 5,955 km west-southwest of Honolulu about three-quarters of the way between Hawaii and the Philippines
_*_People _#_Population: 144,928 (July 1991), growth rate 2.8% (1991)
_#_Birth rate: 26 births/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Death rate: 4 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Net migration rate: 5 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Infant mortality rate: 12 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
_#_Life expectancy at birth: 70 years male, 75 years female (1991)
_#_Total fertility rate: 3.0 children born/woman (1991)
_#_Nationality: noun--Guamanian(s); adjective--Guamanian
_#_Ethnic divisions: Chamorro 47%, Filipino 25%, Caucasian 10%, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, and other 18%
_#_Religion: Roman Catholic 98%, other 2%
_#_Language: English and Chamorro, most residents bilingual; Japanese also widely spoken
_#_Literacy: 96% (male 96%, female 96%) age 15 and over can read and write (1980)
_#_Labor force: 54,000; government 42%, private 58% (1988)
_#_Organized labor: 13% of labor force
_*_Government _#_Long-form name: Territory of Guam
_#_Type: organized, unincorporated territory of the US
_#_Capital: Agana
_#_Administrative divisions: none (territory of the US)
_#_Independence: none (territory of the US)
_#_Constitution: Organic Act of 1 August 1950
_#_Legal system: NA
_#_National holiday: Guam Discovery Day (first Monday in March), 6 March 1989
_#_Executive branch: President of the US, governor, lieutenant governor, Cabinet
_#_Legislative branch: unicameral Legislature
_#_Judicial branch: Superior Court of Guam (Federal District Court)
_#_Leaders:
Chief of State--President George BUSH (since 20 January 1989);
Head of Government--Governor Joseph A. ADA (since NA November 1986); Lieutenant Governor Frank F. BLAS
_#_Political parties and leaders: Democratic Party (controls the legislature); Republican Party (party of the Governor)
_#_Suffrage: universal at age 18; US citizens, but do not vote in US presidential elections
_#_Elections:
Governor--last held on 6 November 1990 (next to be held November 1994);
Legislature--last held on 6 November 1990 (next to be held November 1992); results--percent of vote by party NA; seats--(21 total) Democratic 11, Republican 10;
US House of Representatives--last held 6 November 1990 (next to be held November 1992); Guam elects one nonvoting delegate; results--percent of vote by party NA; seats--(1 total) Republican 1
_#_Communists: none
_#_Note: relations between Guam and the US are under the jurisdiction of the Office of Territorial and International Affairs, US Department of the Interior
_#_Member of: ESCAP (associate), IOC, SPC
_#_Diplomatic representation: none (territory of the US)
_#_Flag: dark blue with a narrow red border on all four sides; centered is a red-bordered, pointed, vertical ellipse containing a beach scene, outrigger canoe with sail, and a palm tree with the word GUAM superimposed in bold red letters
_*_Economy _#_Overview: The economy is based on US military spending and on revenues from tourism. Over the past 20 years the tourist industry has grown rapidly, creating a construction boom for new hotels and the expansion of older ones. Visitors numbered about 900,000 in 1990. The small manufacturing sector includes textile and clothing, beverage, food, and watch production. About 60% of the labor force works for the private sector and the rest for government. Most food and industrial goods are imported, with about 75% from the US. In 1990 the unemployment rate was about 2%, down from 10% in 1983.
_#_GNP: $1.0 billion, per capita $7,000; real growth rate 18% (1990 est.)
_#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): 10% (1990)
_#_Unemployment rate: 2% (1990 est.)
_#_Budget: revenues $300 million; expenditures $290 million, including capital expenditures of $25 million (1990 est.)
_#_Exports: $39 million (f.o.b., 1983);
commodities--mostly transshipments of refined petroleum products, construction materials, fish, food and beverage products;
partners--US 25%, other 75%
_#_Imports: $611 million (c.i.f., 1983);
commodities--petroleum and petroleum products, food, manufactured goods;
partners--US 77%, other 23%
_#_External debt: $NA
_#_Industrial production: growth rate NA%
_#_Electricity: 500,000 kW capacity; 2,300 million kWh produced, 16,300 kWh per capita (1990)
_#_Industries: US military, tourism, construction, transshipment, concrete products, printing and publishing, food processing, textiles
_#_Agriculture: relatively undeveloped with most food imported; fruits, vegetables, eggs, pork, poultry, beef, copra
_#_Economic aid: NA
_#_Currency: US currency is used
_#_Exchange rates: US currency is used
_#_Fiscal year: 1 October-30 September
_*_Communications _#_Highways: 674 km all-weather roads
_#_Ports: Apra Harbor
_#_Airports: 5 total, 4 usable; 3 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways over 3,659 m; 3 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; none with runways 1,220-2,439 m
_#_Telecommunications: 26,317 telephones (1989); stations--3 AM, 3 FM, 3 TV; 2 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT ground stations
_*_Defense Forces _#_Note: defense is the responsibility of the US _%_ _@_Guatemala _*_Geography _#_Total area: 108,890 km2; land area: 108,430 km2
_#_Comparative area: slightly smaller than Tennessee
_#_Land boundaries: 1,687 km total; Belize 266 km, El Salvador 203 km, Honduras 256 km, Mexico 962 km
_#_Coastline: 400 km
_#_Maritime claims:
Continental shelf: not specific;
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;
Territorial sea: 12 nm
_#_Disputes: claims Belize, but boundary negotiations to resolve the dispute are underway
_#_Climate: tropical; hot, humid in lowlands; cooler in highlands
_#_Terrain: mostly mountains with narrow coastal plains and rolling limestone plateau (Peten)
_#_Natural resources: crude oil, nickel, rare woods, fish, chicle
_#_Land use: arable land 12%; permanent crops 4%; meadows and pastures 12%; forest and woodland 40%; other 32%; includes irrigated 1%
_#_Environment: numerous volcanoes in mountains, with frequent violent earthquakes; Caribbean coast subject to hurricanes and other tropical storms; deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution
_#_Note: no natural harbors on west coast
_*_People _#_Population: 9,266,018 (July 1991), growth rate 2.5% (1991)
_#_Birth rate: 35 births/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Death rate: 8 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Net migration rate: - 2 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Infant mortality rate: 58 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
_#_Life expectancy at birth: 61 years male, 66 years female (1991)
_#_Total fertility rate: 4.8 children born/woman (1991)
_#_Nationality: noun--Guatemalan(s); adjective--Guatemalan
_#_Ethnic divisions: Ladino (mestizo--mixed Indian and European ancestry) 56%, Indian 44%
_#_Religion: predominantly Roman Catholic; also Protestant, traditional Mayan
_#_Language: Spanish, but over 40% of the population speaks an Indian language as a primary tongue (18 Indian dialects, including Quiche, Cakchiquel, Kekchi)
_#_Literacy: 55% (male 63%, female 47%) age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
_#_Labor force: 2,500,000; agriculture 60%, services 13%, manufacturing 12%, commerce 7%, construction 4%, transport 3%, utilities 0.8%, mining 0.4% (1985)
_#_Organized labor: 8% of labor force (1988 est.)
_*_Government _#_Long-form name: Republic of Guatemala
_#_Type: republic
_#_Capital: Guatemala
_#_Administrative divisions: 22 departments (departamentos, singular--departamento); Alta Verapaz, Baja Verapaz, Chimaltenango, Chiquimula, El Progreso, Escuintla, Guatemala, Huehuetenango, Izabal, Jalapa, Jutiapa, Peten, Quetzaltenango, Quiche, Retalhuleu, Sacatepequez, San Marcos, Santa Rosa, Solola, Suchitepequez, Totonicapan, Zacapa
_#_Independence: 15 September 1821 (from Spain)
_#_Constitution: 31 May 1985, effective 14 January 1986
_#_Legal system: civil law system; judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
_#_National holiday: Independence Day, 15 September (1821)
_#_Executive branch: president, vice president, Council of Ministers (cabinet)
_#_Legislative branch: unicameral Congress of the Republic (Congreso de la Republica)
_#_Judicial branch: Supreme Court of Justice (Corte Suprema de Justicia)
_#_Leaders:
Chief of State and Head of Government--President Jorge SERRANO Elias (since 14 January 1991); Vice President Gustavo ESPINA Salguero (since 14 January 1991)
_#_Political parties and leaders: National Centrist Union (UCN), Jorge CARPIO Nicolle; Solidarity Action Movement (MAS), Jorge SERRANO Elias; Christian Democratic Party (DCG), Alfonso CABRERA Hidalgo; National Advancement Party (PAN), Alvaro ARZU Irigoyen; National Liberation Movement (MLN), Mario SANDOVAL Alarcon; Social Democratic Party (PSD), Mario SOLARZANO Martinez; Popular Alliance 5 (AP-5), Max ORLANDO Molina; Revolutionary Party (PR), Carlos CHAVARRIA; National Authentic Center (CAN), Hector MAYORA Dawe; Alliance for '90 led by Rios MONTT, consisting of three
## parties--Democratic Institutional Party (PID), Oscar RIVAS;
Nationalist United Front (FUN), Gabriel GIRON; Guatemalan Republican Front (FRG), Berna ROLANDO Mendez
_#_Suffrage: universal at age 18
_#_Elections:
President--runoff held on 11 January 1991 (next to be held 11 November 1995); results--Jorge SERRANO Elias (MAS) 68.1%, Jorge CARPIO Nicolle (UCN) 31.9%;
Congress--last held on 11 November 1990 (next to be held 11 November 1995); results--UCN 25.6%, MAS 24.3%, DCG 17.5%, PAN 17.3%, MLN 4.8%, PSD/AP-5 3.6%, PR 2.1%; seats--(116 total) UCN 41, DCG 28, MAS 18, PAN 12, Alliance for '90 11, MLN 4, PR 1, PSD/AP-5 1
_#_Communists: Guatemalan Labor Party (PGT); main radical left guerrilla groups--Guerrilla Army of the Poor (EGP), Revolutionary Organization of the People in Arms (ORPA), Rebel Armed Forces (FAR), and PGT dissidents
_#_Other political or pressure groups: Federated Chambers of Commerce and Industry (CACIF), Mutual Support Group (GAM), Unity for Popular and Labor Action (UASP), Agrarian Owners Group (UNAGRO), Committee for Campesino Unity (CUC)
_#_Member of: BCIE, CACM, CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ITU, LAES, LAIA (observer), LORCS, OAS, OPANAL, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO
_#_Diplomatic representation: Ambassador Juan Jose CASO Fanjul; Chancery at 2220 R Street NW, Washington DC 20008; telephone (202) 745-4952 through 4954; there are Guatemalan Consulates General in Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, and San Francisco;
US--Ambassador Thomas F. STROOCK; Embassy at 7-01 Avenida de la Reforma, Zone 10, Guatemala City (mailing address is APO Miami 34024); telephone [502] (2) 31-15-41
_#_Flag: three equal vertical bands of light blue (hoist side), white, and light blue with the coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms includes a green and red quetzal (the national bird) and a scroll bearing the inscription LIBERTAD 15 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 1821 (the original date of independence from Spain) all superimposed on a pair of crossed rifles and a pair of crossed swords and framed by a wreath
_*_Economy _#_Overview: The economy is based on agriculture, which accounts for 26% of GDP, employs about 60% of the labor force, and supplies two-thirds of exports. Manufacturing accounts for about 15% of GDP and 12% of the labor force. In 1990 the economy grew by 3.5%, the fourth consecutive year of mild growth. Government economic policies, however, were erratic in 1990--an election year--and inflation shot up to 60%, the highest level in modern times.
_#_GDP: $11.1 billion, per capita $1,180; real growth rate 3.5% (1990 est.)
_#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): 60% (1990 est.)
_#_Unemployment rate: 13%, with 30-40% underemployment (1989 est.)
_#_Budget: revenues $1.05 billion; expenditures $1.3 billion, including capital expenditures of $270 million (1989 est.)
_#_Exports: $1.24 billion (f.o.b., 1990);
commodities--coffee 24%, sugar 9%, bananas 8%, beef 4%;
partners--US 28%, El Salvador, FRG, Costa Rica, Italy
_#_Imports: $1.77 billion (c.i.f., 1990);
commodities--fuel and petroleum products, machinery, grain, fertilizers, motor vehicles;
partners--US 40%, Mexico, FRG, Japan, El Salvador
_#_External debt: $2.8 billion (December 1990 est.)
_#_Industrial production: growth rate 4.0% (1988); accounts for 18% of GDP
_#_Electricity: 819,000 kW capacity; 2,594 million kWh produced, 280 kWh per capita (1990)
_#_Industries: sugar, textiles and clothing, furniture, chemicals, petroleum, metals, rubber, tourism
_#_Agriculture: accounts for 26% of GDP; most important sector of economy and contributes two-thirds to export earnings; principal crops--sugarcane, corn, bananas, coffee, beans, cardamom; livestock--cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens; food importer
_#_Illicit drugs: illicit producer of opium poppy and cannabis for the international drug trade; the government has engaged in aerial eradication of opium poppy; transit country for cocaine shipments
_#_Economic aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (FY70-90), $1.1 billion; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-88), $7.8 billion
_#_Currency: quetzal (plural--quetzales); 1 quetzal (Q) = 100 centavos
_#_Exchange rates: free market quetzales (Q) per US$1--5.4 (April 1991), 4.4858 (1990), 2.8161 (1989), 2.6196 (1988), 2.500 (1987), 1.875 (1986), 1.000 (1985); note--black-market rate 2.800 (May 1989)
_#_Fiscal year: calendar year
_*_Communications _#_Railroads: 870 km 0.914-meter gauge, single track; 780 km government owned, 90 km privately owned
_#_Highways: 26,429 km total; 2,868 km paved, 11,421 km gravel, and 12,140 unimproved
_#_Inland waterways: 260 km navigable year round; additional 730 km navigable during high-water season
_#_Pipelines: crude oil, 275 km
_#_Ports: Puerto Barrios, Puerto Quetzal, Santo Tomas de Castilla
_#_Merchant marine: 1 cargo ship (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,129 GRT/6,450 DWT
_#_Civil air: 10 major transport aircraft
_#_Airports: 430 total, 381 usable; 11 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways over 3,659 m; 3 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 19 with runways 1,220-2,439 m
_#_Telecommunications: fairly modern network centered in Guatemala [city]; 97,670 telephones; stations--91 AM, no FM, 25 TV, 15 shortwave; connection into Central American Microwave System; 1 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth station
_*_Defense Forces _#_Branches: Army, Navy, Air Force
_#_Manpower availability: males 15-49, 2,097,234; 1,372,623 fit for military service; 110,949 reach military age (18) annually
_#_Defense expenditures: $113 million, 1% of GDP (1990) _%_ _@_Guernsey (British crown dependency) _*_Geography _#_Total area: 194 km2; land area: 194 km2; includes Alderney, Guernsey, Herm, Sark, and some other smaller islands
_#_Comparative area: slightly larger than Washington, DC
_#_Land boundaries: none
_#_Coastline: 50 km
_#_Maritime claims:
Exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm;
Territorial sea: 3 nm
_#_Climate: temperate with mild winters and cool summers; about 50% of days are overcast
_#_Terrain: mostly level with low hills in southwest
_#_Natural resources: cropland
_#_Land use: arable land NA%; permanent crops NA%; meadows and pastures NA%; forest and woodland NA%; other NA%; cultivated about 50%
_#_Environment: large, deepwater harbor at Saint Peter Port
_#_Note: 52 km west of France
_*_People _#_Population: 57,596 (July 1991), growth rate 0.6% (1991)
_#_Birth rate: 12 births/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Death rate: 11 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Net migration rate: 5 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Infant mortality rate: 6 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
_#_Life expectancy at birth: 72 years male, 78 years female (1991)
_#_Total fertility rate: 1.6 children born/woman (1991)
_#_Nationality: noun--Channel Islander(s); adjective--Channel Islander
_#_Ethnic divisions: UK and Norman-French descent
_#_Religion: Anglican, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Baptist, Congregational, Methodist
_#_Language: English, French; Norman-French dialect spoken in country districts
_#_Literacy: NA% (male NA%, female NA%) but compulsory education age 5 to 16
_#_Labor force: NA
_#_Organized labor: NA
_*_Government _#_Long-form name: Bailiwick of Guernsey
_#_Type: British crown dependency
_#_Capital: Saint Peter Port
_#_Administrative divisions: none (British crown dependency)
_#_Independence: none (British crown dependency)
_#_Constitution: unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice
_#_Legal system: English law and local statute; justice is administered by the Royal Court
_#_National holiday: Liberation Day, 9 May (1945)
_#_Executive branch: British monarch, lieutenant governor, bailiff, deputy bailiff
_#_Legislative branch: unicameral Assembly of the States
_#_Judicial branch: Royal Court
_#_Leaders:
Chief of State--Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952);
Head of Government--Lieutenant Governor Lt. Gen. Sir Michael WILKINS (since 1990); Bailiff Sir Charles FROSSARD (since 1982)
_#_Political parties and leaders: none; all independents
_#_Suffrage: universal at age 18
_#_Elections:
Assembly of the States--last held NA (next to be held NA); results--percent of vote NA; seats--(60 total, 33 elected), all independents
_#_Communists: none
_#_Member of: none
_#_Diplomatic representation: none (British crown dependency)
_#_Flag: white with the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of England) extending to the edges of the flag
_*_Economy _#_Overview: Tourism is a major source of revenue. Other economic
## activity includes financial services, breeding the world-famous
Guernsey cattle, and growing tomatoes and flowers for export.
_#_GDP: $NA, per capita $NA; real growth rate 9% (1987)
_#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): 7% (1988)
_#_Unemployment rate: NA%
_#_Budget: revenues $208.9 million; expenditures $173.9 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1988)
_#_Exports: $NA;
commodities--tomatoes, flowers and ferns, sweet peppers, eggplant, other vegetables;
partners--UK (regarded as internal trade)
_#_Imports: $NA;
commodities--coal, gasoline and oil;
partners--UK (regarded as internal trade)
_#_External debt: $NA
_#_Industrial production: growth rate NA%
_#_Electricity: 173,000 kW capacity; 525 million kWh produced, 9,340 kWh per capita (1989)
_#_Industries: tourism, banking
_#_Agriculture: tomatoes, flowers (mostly grown in greenhouses), sweet peppers, eggplant, other vegetables and fruit; Guernsey cattle
_#_Economic aid: none
_#_Currency: Guernsey pound (plural--pounds); 1 Guernsey (5G) pound = 100 pence
_#_Exchange rates: Guernsey pounds (5G) per US$1--0.5171 (January 1991), 0.5603 (1990), 0.6099 (1989), 0.5614 (1988), 0.6102 (1987), 0.6817 (1986), 0.7714 (1985); note--the Guernsey pound is at par with the British pound
_#_Fiscal year: calendar year
_*_Communications _#_Ports: Saint Peter Port, Saint Sampson
_#_Airport: 1 with permanent-surface runway 1,220-2,439 m (La Villiaze)
_#_Telecommunications: stations--1 AM, no FM, 1 TV; 41,900 telephones; 1 submarine cable
_*_Defense Forces _#_Note: defense is the responsibility of the UK _%_ _@_Guinea _*_Geography _#_Total area: 245,860 km2; land area: 245,860 km2
_#_Comparative area: slightly smaller than Oregon
_#_Land boundaries: 3,399 km total; Guinea-Bissau 386 km, Ivory Coast 610 km, Liberia 563 km, Mali 858 km, Senegal 330 km, Sierra Leone 652 km
_#_Coastline: 320 km
_#_Maritime claims:
Exclusive economic zone: 200 nm;
Territorial sea: 12 nm
_#_Climate: generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds
_#_Terrain: generally flat coastal plain, hilly to mountainous interior
_#_Natural resources: bauxite, iron ore, diamonds, gold, uranium, hydropower, fish
_#_Land use: arable land 6%; permanent crops NEGL%; meadows and pastures 12%; forest and woodland 42%; other 40%; includes irrigated NEGL%
_#_Environment: hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season; deforestation
_*_People _#_Population: 7,455,850 (July 1991), growth rate 2.5% (1991)
_#_Birth rate: 47 births/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Death rate: 21 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Net migration rate: 0 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Infant mortality rate: 144 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
_#_Life expectancy at birth: 41 years male, 45 years female (1991)
_#_Total fertility rate: 6.0 children born/woman (1991)
_#_Nationality: noun--Guinean(s); adjective--Guinean
_#_Ethnic divisions: Fulani 35%, Malinke 30%, Soussou 20%, small indigenous tribes 15%
_#_Religion: Muslim 85%, Christian 8%, indigenous beliefs 7%
_#_Language: French (official); each tribe has its own language
_#_Literacy: 24% (male 35%, female 13%) age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.)
_#_Labor force: 2,400,000 (1983); agriculture 82.0%, industry and commerce 11.0%, services 5.4%; 88,112 civil servants (1987); 52% of population of working age (1985)
_#_Organized labor: virtually 100% of wage earners loosely affiliated with the National Confederation of Guinean Workers
_*_Government _#_Long-form name: Republic of Guinea
_#_Type: republic
_#_Capital: Conakry
_#_Administrative divisions: 29 administrative regions (regions administratives, singular--region administrative); Beyla, Boffa, Boke, Conakry, Dabola, Dalaba, Dinguiraye, Dubreka, Faranah, Forecariah, Fria, Gaoual, Gueckedou, Kankan, Kerouane, Kindia, Kissidougou, Koundara, Kouroussa, Labe, Macenta, Mali, Mamou, Nzerekore, Pita, Siguiri, Telimele, Tougue, Yomou
_#_Independence: 2 October 1958 (from France; formerly French Guinea)
_#_Constitution: 23 December 1990 (Loi Fundamentale)
_#_Legal system: based on French civil law system, customary law, and decree; legal codes currently being revised; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
_#_National holiday: Anniversary of the Second Republic, 3 April (1984)
_#_Executive branch: president, Transitional Committee for National Recovery (Comite Transitionale de Redressement National or CTRN) replaced the Military Committee for National Recovery (Comite Militaire de Redressement National or CMRN); Council of Ministers (cabinet)
_#_Legislative branch: People's National Assembly (Assemblee Nationale Populaire) was dissolved after the 3 April 1984 coup
_#_Judicial branch: Court of Appeal (Cour d'Appel)
_#_Leaders:
Chief of State and Head of Government--Gen. Lansana CONTE (since 5 April 1984)
_#_Political parties and leaders: none; following the 3 April 1984 coup all political activity was banned
_#_Suffrage: none
_#_Elections: none
_#_Communists: no Communist party, although there are some sympathizers
_#_Member of: ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CEAO (observer), ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LORCS, NAM, OAU, OIC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
_#_Diplomatic representation: Ambassador (vacant); Chancery at 2112 Leroy Place NW, Washington DC 20008; telephone (202) 483-9420;
US--Ambassador Dane F. SMITH, Jr.; Embassy at 2nd Boulevard and 9th Avenue, Conakry (mailing address is B. P. 603, Conakry); telephone (224) 44-15-20 through 24
_#_Flag: three equal vertical bands of red (hoist side), yellow, and green; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia; similar to the flag of Rwanda which has a large black letter R centered in the yellow band
_*_Economy _#_Overview: Although possessing many natural resources and considerable potential for agricultural development, Guinea is one of the poorest countries in the world. The agricultural sector contributes about 40% to GDP and employs more than 80% of the work force, while industry accounts for 27% of GDP. Guinea possesses over 25% of theworld's bauxite reserves; exports of bauxite and alumina accounted for about 70% of total exports in 1989.
_#_GDP: $2.7 billion, per capita $380; real growth rate 4.4% (1989 est.)
_#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): 28.2% (1989 est.)
_#_Unemployment rate: NA%
_#_Budget: revenues $394 million; expenditures $548 million, including capital expenditures of $254 million (1989 est.)
_#_Exports: $645 million (f.o.b., 1989 est.);
commodities--alumina, bauxite, diamonds, coffee, pineapples, bananas, palm kernels;
partners--US 33%, EC 33%, USSR and Eastern Europe 20%, Canada
_#_Imports: $551 million (c.i.f., 1989 est.);
commodities--petroleum products, metals, machinery, transport equipment, foodstuffs, textiles and other grain;