Part 19
Spreading perennial, up to 9 in. high; branches 4-angled. Leaves ab. ¾ in. long, linear, keeled. Infl. arranged raceme-like at ends of short branches and subtended by ⅓ in. long bract and 2 small bracteoles; per. minute, green, 4-5 lobed, valvate, hairy at tip; st. 4-5 small. Fr. globose, 10-ribbed, minute.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Khor Mulmul).
=RHAMNACEÆ.=
372 =Zizyphus orthacantha= _DC._
Shrub or small tree, armed or unarmed. Leaves oblong to orbicular, 3-5 nerved from the base, glabrous above, shortly ferruginous-tomentose below and on extremities. Flowers greenish, in small axillary cymes. Fruit edible.
Kordofan Prov. (Masgul & J. Sungor); Upper Nile Prov. (Kodok).
=Z. abyssinica= _Hochst._
Differs from above in its broadly ovate, acute leaves, very oblique at the base and 2-5 in. long.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas: Bongo-land: Sabbi); Fung Prov. (Roseires); Nuba Mts. Prov. (Kadugli).
=Z. Spina-Christi= _Lam._ SIDDIR & NABAK—Arab; BUSA (fruit GHOT)—Hameg.
Very thorny shrub; prickles usually one straight and one recurved. Leaves ovate to lanceolate, equal at the base, crenate-serrate, 1-3 in. long. Fruit edible.
Khartoum Prov. (6th cataract); Blue Nile Prov. (Eilafun); North Sudan.
=Z. mucronata= _Willd._ SIDDIR, & NABBAK EL FIL—Arab; GABĀT & TAGABA—Hadendowa; KASSLA—Rashida; KWAII (Dilling), TITTAWYI (J. Eliri) & TINGRA (Kadugli)—Nuba; LĀNG—Shilluk; LANGI & LUKATI—Bari; LĀNG (Kaka & Kenissa) or LĀNT (Kenissa) & LANF (Renk)—Dinka; BWAU—Nuer; OM KURSAN—Hameg.
Small tree or large shrub, armed or unarmed. Leaves broadly ovate or ovate-cordate mucronate, crenate-serrate. Cymes 10-20 flowered.
Red Sea Prov.; Kassala Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (mouth of Bahr El Arab); Red Sea Prov.; White Nile Provinces; Nuba Mts. Prov.; Mongalla Prov.
The fruit is edible; the wood is light pink in colour, hard and durable.
373 =Mæsopsis sp.=
Tree 20 ft.; branchlets lenticellate. Leaves obovate, obtusely acuminate, 4-4½ in. long, 2-2½ in. broad, glabrous. Young fruits globose, small, with the style persistent.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=AMPELIDACEÆ (or VITACEÆ).=
374 =Ampelocissus abyssinica= _Hochst._
Woody climber; leaves 3-lobed, glabrous, rotundate-cordate.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: by the Gendua River).
=A. cavicaulis= _Pl._
Leaves large, palmate to pedate-partite, 5 principal lobes reaching ⅔ or ¾ of the way down.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Gir, & Niamniam-land: by the Nabambisso River).
=A. pentaphylla= _Pl._
Semi-herbaceous climber. Leaves 3-5 partite, lobes linear, loosely serrate.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land); Bahr El Jebel (Mongalla Prov. & Madi).
=A. Grantii= _Pl._
Climber; leaves almost rotundate, slightly or deeply 5-lobed.
White Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-Ghattas).
=A. Schimperiana= _Hochst._
Strong woody climber. Leaves large, slightly 5-lobed, rufous-villous when young. Fruit oblong, edible.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat).
=A. cinnamochroa= _Pl._
Much like the preceding.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land).
=A. bombycina= _Pl._
Leaves distinctly 3-5 lobed with rounded sinuses; young shoots densely silky-tomentose; stems herbaceous.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Nabambisso River).
=A. sarcocephala= _Pl._
Leaves 5-partite; segments lanceolate.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
375 =Cissus populnea= _Guill._ & _Perr._
Leaves almost rotundate, undivided, slightly mucronate.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land & Dar Fertit).
Large creeper used for jungle ropes.
=C. bignonioides= _Schweinf._
Fairly large climber with corky stems; leaves ovate, cordate.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Boddo River).
=C. rubiginosa= _Pl._ KISKI—Zande.
Leaves almost pentagonal, denticulate; leaves and shoots with dense silky rusty tomentum.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Kishi River).
=C. producta= _Afzel._ BULAKOLIN (Bahr El Ghazal)—Dinka; YIAD—Jur.
Ascending undershrub or woody climber; leaves simple, lanceolate; joints thickened.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
The tubers, which are spindle-shaped, are used by Dinkas against tse-tse bites on animals, an emulsion of crushed tubers and water is rubbed over the animals’ bodies and a small quantity is also given to them to drink as a preventive.
=C. cornifolia= _Baker._
Sub-erect undershrub, densely ferruginous when young. Leaves 3-nerved, palmate or ovate.
Nuba Mts. Prov. (near J. Eliri); Bahr El Ghazal Prov.; Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
Fruit edible.
=C. quadrangularis= _Linn._ SALA’ALA’A or SALALA—Arab; METOWI—Rashida; KĀT-UT—Hadendowa; ATETE (J. Daier) & ULGYIN (Dilling)—Nuba; MOJUNGI—Bari; ARENG (L. Powendael), & ARNIK (Kenissa & Renk)—Dinka; MEREKOTI—Golo; MERISH—Hameg; MUNDA—Burun; DEUGANAI—Nuer.
Climber with fleshy quadrangular stem, leafless part of the year. Leaves ovate to 3-lobed.
Throughout the greater part of the Sudan, especially Nubia.
A preserve of stem, boiled in water, is said to be a useful stomachic. The juice is used by camel-men to cleanse and heal saddle-galls, and other sores of camels. In the Bahr El Ghazal it is said to be used for poisoning arrows.
=C. palmatifida= _Baker._
Sub-erect, woody. Leaves 3-5 lobed, often cut deep down; finely villous on upper and densely grey matted on under surface. Petals 4.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land: below Dimoh & Atena River).
=C. aralioides= _Welw._
Climber, woody below, glabrous. Leaves 5-fol.; leaflets oblong or slightly obovate 2-3 in. long, faintly denticulate.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land).
=C. Ibuensis= _Hook. f._ LIF—Arab.
Herbaceous climber. Leaves 3-fol., irregularly serrate-dentate; fruit size of a pea.
Nile (between Khartoum & Berber); Fung Prov.; White Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Mittu-land); Mongalla Prov.
=C. alnifolia= _Schweinfth._
Herb 6 ft. high. Leaves simple, sessile, ovate-orbicular, 5 in. broad, denticulate, puberulous below; stipules triangular, acute, ⅓ in. long. Cymes terminal, glandular.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Kuddu).
=C. juncea= _Webb._
Stem erect; leaves sessile; leaflets 3, subequal, oblong-lanceolate, 6-7 in. long, membranous. Root tuberous.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat).
=C. crinita= _Planch._
Stem hairy; leaves long 3-5 fol.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat).
=C. crotalaroides= _Schwfth._
Erect undershrub. Leaves sessile. Leaflets oblanceolate, acute, 5-6 in. long, 1-1½ in. broad, doubly serrate, puberulous below. Fruits pubescent.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (near Deim Zubeir & Jur-land: Zeriba Abu-Gurun).
=C. adenantha= _Fresen._ LODOREH—Bari.
Green climber; leaves pedate, with 4-7 leaflets.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Mongalla Prov. (Mongalla).
=C. adenocaulis= _Steud._
Stem, woody, trailing; leaves compound, one terminal leaflet and one pair on either side, or, sometimes, 7 leaflets.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur & Niamniam-lands).
=C. Schweinfurthii= _Pl._
Leaves trifoliolate, sessile; leaflets oblanceolate, repand-dentate, about 4 in. long, 1¼ in. broad, shortly pubescent below. Cymes tomentose. Tendrils much twisted.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land: Jur Ghattas & Bongo-land: Addai).
=C. serpens= _Hochst._
Stout herbaceous climber. Leaves digitately 5-7 fol.; sessile or short- stalked. Leaflets obovate-lanceolate, irregularly inciso-dentate, the veins beneath grey-downy.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Kordofan Prov. (Umlabia).
=C. pallida= _Wight._ & _Arn._ ABANGIUR—Dinka; DELE—Golo.
Trailing or slightly climbing, semi-woody shrub. Leaves cordate, not lobed, faintly denticulate, glabrous.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
=C. mossambicensis= _Klotzsch._
Woody climber. Leaves orbicular or reniform, more or less entire to deeply 5-lobed, with irregular, mucronate teeth. Flowers in densely compound lateral cymes.
Mongalla Prov.
=C. gracilis= _Guill._ & _Perr._
Slender climber. Leaves pedate; leaflets 5, the shorter forked, all thin of texture.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat).
=C. intricata= _Baker._ LIF or LUFA—Arab.
Slender woody climber; leaflets 3-5, pedate, firmly membranous. Flowers in 4-6 in. broad cymes.
White Nile Prov.
=C. Thonningii= _Baker._
Leaves 3-5 fol., serrate; leaflets distinctly stalked, edges loosely crenate. Flowers in lax, branched cymes. 4-6 in. broad.
Nuba Mts. Prov. (Dilling).
=C. Figariana= _Webb._
Erect, hairy undershrub. Leaves 5-7 fol.
Nubia.
=C. cyphopetala= _Pres._
Climber with puberulous stems and softly tomentose serrate leaflets and broad open cymes of small flowers.
Red Sea Prov. (Has Has).
=RUTACEÆ.=
376 =Ruta tuberculata= _Forsk._
Herb with tubercled glands; leaves linear, with pellucid glands. Flowers usually 5-merous; petals entire.
Nubia; Berber Prov. (Berber Desert); Khartoum Prov. (Halfaya); White Nile Prov.; Red Sea Prov. (Khors, Karora-hills).
Yields a volatile oil, which may act as an irritant when the plant is handled.
377 =Teclea nobilis= _Hook. f._ FURFURRUK (J. Daier)—Nuba; FIK—Bari; SEKIA—Golo.
Unarmed large shrub or small tree; leaves 3-fol., large. Flowers unisexual. Male flowers 4-merous, sessile in branching panicles shorter than leaves. Female flowers in short axillary spikes.
Nuba Mts. Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land: Wau, Bongo-land: Dukuttu & Mittu-land: by the Rohl River); Mongalla Prov. (Sh. Tombé).
The wood is used for spear shafts in Bahr El Ghazal and for bark mallets in Uganda.
377a =Toddalia aculeata= _Pers._
Erect or scrambling shrub, armed with recurved prickles. Leaves 3-fol., alternate, with pellucid glands; petioles often with prickles beneath. Flowers unisexual, cream coloured, panicled.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
378 =Clausena anisata= _Oliv._
Shrub with pinnate leaves, which are 6-12 in. long; leaflets 10-20, ovate or ovate-oblong. Flowers white, numerous on axillary, paniculate cymes; stamens 8-10. Berry 1-seeded.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (between Wau & Deim Zubeir).
379 =Citrus Aurantium= _Linn._
=var. amara= L. NARING—Arab. The Bitter Orange.
Grown throughout the country in gardens; frequently used as a stock for the sweet orange, mandarin and sweet lemon.
=var. sinensis= _Gall. Citr._ BORTUGAN—Arab. The Sweet Orange.
Grown throughout the country in gardens.
=C. decumana= _Linn._ LIMUN HINDI—Arab. The Grape Fruit or Shaddock.
Occasionally found in gardens.
=C. medica= _Linn._ =var. Limon= _Gall. Citr._
=subvar. acris.= LIMUN BALADI—Arab. The Lime.
Grown everywhere in gardens and frequently on Sagias.
=subvar. Limetta= _Risso._ LIMUN HELLU—Arab. The Lemon.
Cultivated in gardens.
=C. nobilis= _Lour._ YUSEF EFFENDI—Arab. The Mandarin.
Cultivated in gardens.
=SIMARUBACEÆ.=
380 =Hannoa Schweinfurthii= _Oliv._
Shoots clustered from the old wood. Leaves pinnate; leaflets linear- oblanceolate, leathery, up to 6 in. long, glabrous, with sunken nerves. Flowers racemose few. Fruits oblong-ovoid, ¾ in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: Mts. Nga, near Maalah).
381 =Irvingia Smithii= _Hook. f._
Tree, 40 ft. high. Leaves coriaceous, ovate-elliptical, rounded at base and more or less cordate, 2-4 in. long. Flowers pale yellow in narrow, subpaniculate racemes. Fruit oblong, 1½ in. long.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung. Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam- land: by the Hu River).
The fruit is of no value. The wood is white and very hard.
=I. sp.= DARITAR—Dinka; AKOS—Jur; BILI & M’BILI or TIRI—Golo.
Large, smooth stemmed, riverside tree. Flowers white, fruit blue drupaceous. Very like the foregoing species.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Wau).
The timber is white, hard, and takes a good polish. It is used for boat- building.
382 =Balanites ægyptiaca= _Del._ HEGLIG—Arab; ’SASSUD & SHASHOT—Hadendowa; KORAK (J. Daier), TIRA (Dilling & J. Ghulfan), KURI (J. Eliri) & N’DMUSSO (Kadugli)—Nuba; KHA—Hameg; SORONGO—Golo; LALLOK & LUMILI—Bari; TAU (usual) & TU (Kaka)—Dinka; TAU—Jur & Nuer; TU—Shilluk; TOAN—Burun; Fruit LALOB—Arab; FIATH—Nuer (young tree).
Large tree armed with straight green spines, which are supra-axillary or axillary. Leaves 2-fol., entire. Flowers axillary, solitary or in pairs, greenish-white. Disk fleshy, covered with white hairs. Drupe up to 2 in. long, with a bony endocarp.
Found throughout the greater part of the Sudan especially in the Fung and Upper White Nile Provinces.
=var. membranacea= _Van Tiegh._
Dongola Prov. (Debba).
The fruit, called LALOB, is edible; it has a bitter sweet flavour and aperient qualities. The root, bark and leaves are purgative, and act as a vermifuge. The kernel yields an oil which is used as an unguent. The wood is hard, compact and fine grained, it is durable and resists the attacks of insects. The bark yields a strong fibre, and is also used as a soap for washing clothes.
383 =Harrisonia abyssinica= _Oliv._ KARB EL WADI—Arab; KIREILLI—Bari.
Large shrub; leaves imparipinnate, with winged petiole; leaflets 3 pairs and an odd one. Flowers small in axillary or subterminal cymes.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Bahr El Jebel; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo- land: Gir & Addai, Niamniam-land: Nabambisso River).
384 =Klainedoxa oblongifolia= _Stapf._
Shrub 15 ft. high. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, about 12 in. long and 4 in. broad on the young shoots, the older shoots with much smaller leaves; stipules very long (about 6 in.) acuminate. Fruits very hard, 4-6-angled, 1½ in. in diam.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=BURSERACEÆ.=
385 =Boswellia papyrifera= _A. Rich._ ROTARO, or RUTRUT, TAKTAK (Abu Gibeiha) or TARAKTARAK (Talodi) (Baggara), GAFĀL—Arab; HĀDA (Dilling) & LAGI (J. Eliri)—Nuba; GULGULA—Hameg. Called “Elephant tree” by Europeans because elephants feed on it.
Tree with imparipinnate leaves and papery bark, often found on quartzitic soils. Flowers pink, in umbellate racemes, appearing before the leaves, hermaphrodite; stamens 10. Capsule trigonous, 1 in. long.
Fung Prov.; Nuba Mts. Prov., Darfur Province.
Yields a fragrant resin.
386 =Commiphora Opobalsamum= _Engl._
Spineless shrub or small tree. Leaflets 3-5, entire or slightly undulate; leaves scattered or in fascicles. Flowers small, fascicled.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin).
Yields the “Mecca Balsam” or “Balm of Gilead.” It is much used in Cairo as medicine. The fruit is considered a powerful carminative and digestive.
=C. erythræa= _Engl._
Small tree. Leaflets 3, obovate, pubescent, the terminal one about 1½ in. long, crenulate. Fruits subglobose, pubescent, about ⅓ in. long.
Red Sea Prov. (coast).
=C. quadricincta= _Schweinfth._
Small bushy tree, growing on rocky hills; branches spiny. Leaves simple, ovate-elliptic, rounded at the apex, 1¼ in. long, ½-¾ in. broad, glabrous, long-stalked. Fruits 4-winged.
Kassala Prov. (J. Erimbat at Goz Regeb).
=C. abyssinica= _Engl._
Small tree with spiny branches. Leaves trifoliolate but sessile or subsessile and thus appearing simple; leaflets obovate, crenate, glabrous, about 1¼ in. long. Fruit ovoid, acute, ⅓ in. long, glabrous.
Kassala Prov. (near J. Langeb); Red Sea Prov. (J. Shabba, south of Suakin).
=C. africana= _Engl._ GAFĀL—Arab; KIRBI (Dilling)—Nuba; TOWOLLO—Burun.
Small spiny tree. Leaves usually 3-fol.; leaflets cuneate, broadly crenate-serrate. Flowers fasciculate. Drupe subglobose, slightly oblique.
Kordofan & Nuba Mts. Provinces.
The resin is a form of Bdellium, a drug resembling Myrrh.
=C. pedunculata= _Engl._ LUBAN—Arab; HĀDA (Dilling)—Nuba; DAMFULAN—Hameg.
Small tree. Leaves more or less fascicled at extremities; leaflets 5-11, serrate-dentate, pubescent. Flowers in pedunculate, axillary, few- flowered cymes.
Fung, Kordofan, Nuba Mts. & Bahr El Ghazal Provinces.
Yields a resin similar to Olibanum.
387 =Canarium Schweinfurthii= _Engl._
Large tree with imparipinnate leaves; leaflets oblong, acuminate, subcordate at the base, about 6 in. long and 1½ in. broad, softly pubescent on the nerves below. Flowers in panicles with large bracts.
Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land: by the Yuru River); Lado District.
The sap-wood is whitish, the heart-wood rose-colour, similar to a Khaya; useful for carpentry. The resin is used by the Niamniam for torches, and when ground down with oil for anointing the body. Fruit eaten.
=MELIACEÆ.=
388 =Turræa Vogelii= _Hook. f._
Shrub or small tree. Leaves simple, alternate, elliptical, entire. Flowers white, on axillary peduncles bearing 2-10 umbellate pedicels; stamens 10, monadelphous; staminal tube with subulate teeth; anthers apiculate. Ovary 9-12 celled.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=T. nilotica= _Kotschy_ & _Peyr._ KHARIF (J. El Amira)—Nuba.
Shrub or small tree. Leaves obovate obtuse, tomentose beneath. Flowers in many-flowered umbellate, sessile fascicles. Teeth of staminal tube triangular or oblong. Ovary 10-celled.
Nuba Mts. Prov. (Dar Nuba on rocky hills); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo- land: by the Pwah); Bahr El Jebel.
389 =Azadirachta indica= _A. Juss._
Large tree; leaves imparipinnate. Leaflets 2-9 pairs with a terminal one, which is sometimes wanting. Flowers white, honey-scented. Drupe size of an olive, purple when ripe, 1-celled.
Introduced. The Neem Tree of India.
A handsome quick-growing shade tree, suitable to dry localities, and a great improvement on the “Persian Lilac.” The timber is valuable, and grows to a useful size.
390 =Melia Azedarach= _Linn._ ZINZILAKH (Egypt)—Arab. Persian lilac.
Moderate-sized tree with bipinnate leaves. Drupe ovoid, yellow when ripe; flowers white and purple, scented. Fruit 5-celled; endocarp bony.
Introduced. Khartoum Prov., etc.
391 =Ekebergia Rüppeliana= _A. Rich._
Tree; fruit fleshy, globose, 2-celled. Leaves 6-12 in. long, imparipinnate, collected at the extremities; leaflets 5-9, coriaceous. Flowers in axillary, pedunculate racemes. Stamens 10 monadelphous, margin of tube dentate.
Fung Prov.
392 =Trichilia emetica= _Vahl._ UM-SHARA, UMHAGRI & occasionally DABKAR (Baggara)—Arab; TISHU—Hameg; HORURI (Dilling)—Nuba.
Tree with pinnate leaves and pubescent young parts; leaflets 7-10, obtuse, pubescent beneath. Flowers ¾ in. diam., in short axillary panicles; stamens 8-10 monadelphous. Capsule 3-valved; seeds with a scarlet arillus.
Blue Nile Prov. (Medani & Khor Dahab); Fung, White Nile, Nuba Mts. & Bahr El Ghazal Provinces; Mongalla Prov. (Hillet El Nuer & Gondokoro).
The seeds yield an oil which is used in cookery and in soap-making. The wood polishes well and makes pretty furniture. The bark is said to act as an emetic when given in small doses.
=T. retusa= _Oliv._ SABRONGO—Golo.
Small tree with white flowers in axillary panicles; fruit a flat capsule. Leaves 3-5 fol., leaflets retuse-truncate.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Khors).
The ashes of the leaves are used as a substitute for salt.
393 =Khaya senegalensis= _A. Juss._ HOMRA, HOMRAYA or MURRAYA—Arab; TIT—Dinka; BELE—Golo; TIDO or TIRO—Jur; KIR—Bari; BOGU—Zande.
Large tree with abruptly pinnate leaves. Flowers white, in large panicles, unisexual; fruit a globose capsule, 2½ in. diam., dehiscing into 4 valves. Seeds flat, disk-like with a winged membranous edge.
Darfur, Bahr El Ghazal & Mongalla Provinces.
African Mahogany. The wood cuts into very fine planks, and is suitable for cabinet work and joinery. Oil from the seeds is said to be used to keep flies from cattle.
=K. Dawei= _Stapf._ BOGU—Zande.
A very large tree. Leaves pinnate; leaflets obliquely elliptic, shortly acuminate, about 6 in. long and 2 in. broad, glabrous. Flowers small, paniculate. Sepals and petals rounded. Stamens in a tube. Fruits subglobose. Seeds winged.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Linduku stream). Mongalla Prov.
394 =Pseudocedrela Kotschyi= _Harms._ DURUBA—Arab; POIK (Goz El Siada) & PHUT (Bahr El Ghazal)—Dinka; GUMBERTI and ZILI—Golo; PHUT—Jur; KOLKO—Burun; RIR—Nuer; N’ZUMMUNIA—Zande; KAHILI—Bongo.
Small to moderate sized tree, with rough bark. Leaves pinnate; leaflets alternate, 4-7 pairs, up to 2 in. long, loosely dentate, pubescent. Flowers in axillary panicles, unisexual, white, crowded towards ends of branches. Fruit a 4-5 in. long, somewhat pyriform capsule, splitting into 4-5 valves; seed with a long wing on one side.
Nuba Mts. Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Sobat River); Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
The wood is handsome and fragrant and is suited to the manufacture of gun stocks and for joinery.
=P. sp.=
Leaflets sub-opposite, about 3 pairs, the terminal leaflet largest, all oblong-lanceolate, subacute, 3½-5 in. long, 1-1½ in. broad, closely reticulate, glabrous. Flowers in lax, slender panicles. Buds subglobose, glabrous.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Dar Fertit: Deim Guju).
=SAPINDACEÆ.=
395 =Paullinia pinnata= _Linn._
Semi-herbaceous climber. Leaves imparipinnate, 5-fol.; stalk winged. Flowers small, white, numerous, clustered on racemes 3-4 in. long, with a woody spiral tendril at the base. Capsule woody 3-angled.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. to Belgian Congo Border.
The leaves and roots are used on the Gold Coast for dysentery. The bark of the root contains a narcotic poison; both it and the seeds are used for stupefying fish.
396 =Cardiospermum Corindum= _Linn._
Slender climber with watch-spring-like tendrils. Leaves imparipinnate, leaflets toothed, pubescent below; stalk not winged. Flowers pale yellow. Fruits bladdery.
Red Sea Prov. (near Erkowit & 21° N.L.).
=C. Halicacabum= _Linn._ GODOBO (Meshra El Zeraf)—Dinka.
Slender herbaceous climber with bi-ternate leaves and inflated, 3-valved roundish membranous capsule. Flowers white; tendrils opposite, circinate.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land, Gumango Hill).
=var. microcarpum= _H.B._ & _K._
Similar to above but capsule smaller and obversely deltoid.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung Prov.; Nuba Mts. Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf); Mongalla Prov.
The root is described as possessing emetic, laxative, stomachic and rubefacient properties. The leaves and young stems are sometimes cooked as a vegetable, the seeds are used as a tonic.
397 =Schmidelia rubifolia= _Hochst._ SUMEIMA (Fung)—Arab; MEREMERET (J. Daier)—Nuba.
Low tree with 3-fol. leaves, without stipules. Leaflets obovate-cuneate, more or less crenate, the lower surface grey-downy. Flowers on axillary racemes 2-3 in. long.
Fung Prov.; Nuba Mts. Prov. (Kadugli & J. Daier); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Dar Fertit & Jur-land); Mongalla Prov.
=S. africana= _DC._
Tree, 30-40 ft. high. Leaflets 3, nearly sessile, the central one 4-6 in. long, oblong-cuneate, with the cuneate base entire and upper edges distantly and bluntly toothed. Flowers in axillary and terminal panicles.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land & Niamniam-land: at Tuhami’s Zariba).
The fruits are used in Abyssinia as a remedy for tapeworm; the wood is described as very strong and close grained.
=S. Schweinfurthii= _Gilg._
Shrub; leaves 3-fol.; leaflets obovate-oblanceolate, acute, denticulate in the upper part, 3½-5 in. long, 1½-2 in. broad, glabrous. Panicles lax, long and slender, puberulous.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Nabambisso River).
=S. cf. S. Schweinfurthii= _Gilg._ TULŪNG (J. Eliri)—Nuba.
Shrub; leaves 3-fol.
Nuba Mts. Prov. (J. Eliri).
=S. sp. (or Rhus sp.).= KURINYIL (J. Eliri)—Nuba.
Shrub; leaves 3-fol.
Nuba Mts. Prov. (J. Eliri).
398 =Aporrhiza paniculata= _Radlk._
Tree. Leaves pinnate; leaflets oblong-elliptic, emarginate, about 6 in. long and 2½ in. broad, reticulate, glabrous. Flowers small, widely paniculate. Fruits 2-lobed, flat, 1 in. broad, tomentose.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Nabambisso River).
399 =Dodonæa viscosa= _Linn._ TATTAS—Hadendowa; TASHAS—Rashida.
Shrub or small tree with glossy, linear-lanceolate leaves. Flowers polygamous, in short terminal panicles, yellowish; sepals 5; petals none. Capsule with 2-4 membranous wings.
Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit & Has Has to 22° N.L.).
A useful and attractive hedge plant. The wood is close-grained, hard and durable, pores moderately fine, irregularly distributed, medullary rays very numerous, indistinct. The plant is reputed to possess some medicinal properties, both as a febrifuge, and when boiled with water as an embrocation for sprains, bruises, etc.
=ANACARDIACEÆ.=
400 =Mangifera indica= _Linn._ Mango.
Evergreen tree. Leaves coriaceous, entire, oblong-lanceolate, up to 12 in. long.
Introduced.
Grown in gardens throughout the country. Some varieties form handsome trees bearing excellent fruit.
401 =Rhus villosa= _Linn._
Shrub, sometimes thorny; leaves 3-fol. Leaflets obovate to oblanceolate, obtuse, often apiculate.
Darfur Prov. (J. Marra); Bahr El Jebel.
=R. near R. villosa= _Linn._ SAMŌT—Hadendowa.
Shrub; leaves trifol.; leaflets obovate, crenate, about 1 in. long, pubescent below. Flowers and fruit not seen.
Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit); Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, 6,000-7,500 ft.).
Fruit said to be eaten.
=R. abyssinica= _Hochst._ ALONGKOY—Dinka; VULASIM—Golo; AKNALKUALA—Jur; SAMŌT or SAMOP—Hadendowa.
Shrub; leaves 3-fol.; leaflets oval or oblanceolate, obtuse or acute, pubescent, not reticulate above. Flowering panicles hairy, axillary, shorter than the leaves.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov.; Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit & Has Has).
=R. oxyacantha= _Schousb._
Branches spiny. Leaves trifoliolate; leaflets obovate-cuneate, coarsely crenate, ½-¾ in. long, ciliate. Flowers very small, in short panicles. Fruit shining, ⅓ in. in diam.
Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.).
=R. glaucescens= _A. Rich._
Shrub; leaves 3-fol., coriaceous. Leaflets glabrous or puberulous along the midrib, oval to lanceolate, obtuse, entire to crenulate-dentate. Panicles shorter than the leaves, axillary.
Upper Blue Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov.; Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
=R. pulcherrima= _Oliv._
Shrub; leaves simple, alternate, 4-10 in. long, oblong or oblong elliptical, with minute silvery tomentum beneath.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Bahr El Jebel).
=R. insignis= _Del._ LAHLA or LALAI—Hadendowa.
Tree or shrub; leaves simple, approximate, in threes; fruit black resinous.
Red Sea Prov.; Blue Nile Prov.; Nuba Mts. Prov. (Kadugli); Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
=R. dioica= _Willd._
Armed shrub; leaflets 3, broad crenate.
Red Sea Prov. (22° N.L.)
402 =Odina fruticosa= _Hochst._ LEYUN—Arab; KOWA—Hameg; TILLA—Burun.
Moderate-sized tree; leaves pinnate, 9-15 fol., at length glabrous, present when flowers appear; leaflets obliquely lanceolate, subsessile. Flowers 4-merous in stout, fulvous, axillary spikes.
Red Sea Prov.; Fung Prov.; White Nile Prov. (Jebelein); Nuba Mts. Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Goz El Siada); Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
This tree and other species of Odina yield a gum.
=O. Schimperi= _Hochst._ AMZAQ (Baggara)—Arab; HAMMADAI—Hadendowa.
Tree; leafless at time of flowering. Leaves imparipinnate, 9-11 fol., at length glabrous. Leaflets subsessile, oblique at base, narrowly acuminate. Racemes simple, while in flower terminal on branches.
Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit); Kassala Prov. (Gallabat); Fung Prov.; Nuba Mts. Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
=O. Barteri= _Oliv._ HAMADAB—Hadendowa; KLANDA—Golo; WEEDA—Zande.
Middle-sized to large tree, leafless during the dry months. Leaves pinnate, 7-11 fol., softly hispid pubescent, at length scabrid. Spikes fascicled on old wood.
Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit); Nuba Mts. Prov. (near Talodi); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Gir, Niamniam-land, etc.)
The bast of the bark is made into a rope.
=O. cf. O. Barteri= _Oliv._
Leaves pinnate; leaflets ovate-elliptic, rounded at the base, about 3 in. long and 2 in. broad, softly tomentose below. Fruits oblong, with 3 humps, glabrous, ½ in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur & Bongo lands).
=O. humilis= _Oliv._ ARISH (Fung), LEYUN (Baggara) & HOMEID (Kordn.)—Arab.