Part 28
Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, 6-7,000 ft.).
652 =Striga orobanchoides= _Benth._ NAR or NUR EL ASSAD—Arab; DAI (Meshra El Zeraf)—Dinka.
Much branched herb, 3-18 in. high, parasitic on roots of some Leguminosæ, etc. Leaves scale-like, lanceolate, up to ½ in. long. Spikes terminal; fl. bracteate and bracteolate; calyx 5-toothed, ¼-½ in. long; cor. white, purple or red-brown; tube ½ in. long, bent and inflated, limb 2-lipped, upper 2-lobed, lower 3-lobed. St. 4, didynamous, anthers 1-celled. Caps. ovoid-oblong ¼ in. long.
Red Sea Prov. (Khor Tamanib, Suakin); Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Matamma); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); White Nile & Upper White Nile Provinces (J. Arashkol, Wad Shellai to Meshra El Zeraf); Kordofan Prov.; Mongalla Prov. (Sheikh Tombé & Mongalla).
Parasitic on _Cissus quadrangularis_, _Indigofera_ sp., etc.
=S. aspera= _Benth._ =var. Schweinfurthii= _Skan._ TU—Krej.
Herbaceous hispid and scabrid root-parasite, growing on Dura. Leaves opp. or upper alt., linear, ½-1½ in. long. Spikes terminal, lax-flowered up to 8 in. long; bracts and bracteoles hispid; calyx nearly ½ in. long, 5-toothed, uppermost tooth smallest; cor. pink, tube ½ in. long curved and inflated, upper lip obovate emarginate, 3-lobed. Caps. ellipsoid, ¼ in. long.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land & Deim Zubeir).
Parasitic on Dura.
=S. Forbesii= _Benth._
Erect herb, up to 15 in. high, scabrid. Leaves opp. or sub-opp., lin.-lanceolate or lanceolate, 1-2 in. long, toothed, scabrid. Fl. solitary in axils of upper leaves; bracteoles linear, hispid; calyx deeply 5-lobed, scabrid, lobes lin.-lanceolate, up to ⅓ in. long, unequal; cor. pink, scarlet or yellow, tube ¾-1 in. long, sharply curved and inflated, upper lip subtruncate or shortly 2-lobed, up to ¼ in. long, lower 3-lobed up to nearly ½ in. long. Caps. oblong, ¼-⅓ in. long.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Mongalla Prov. (Shambé to Mongalla Prov.).
=S. senegalensis= _Benth._
Closely resembles _S. hermonthica_ and may be a small-flowered form. Cor. purple or red, tube ab. ½ in. long, upper lip up to ¼ in. long, lower up to ⅓ in. long.
Kordofan Prov. (Gefil); Upper White Nile Prov. (Dinka country).
=S. hermonthica= _Benth._ EL WEIN (Merowe), SEGAR (Meshra El Zeraf) & (more commonly) BUDA—Arab.
Branched herb, parasitic on Dura and Dukhn, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves linear to lanceolate, 1-3 in. long, hispid and scabrid. Spikes terminal, 6 in. long; calyx 5-toothed, upper smaller; cor. pink; tube ¾ in. long, curved and inflated, upper lip 2-lobed, ⅓ in. long, lower 3-lobed, ½ in. long. Caps. ellipsoid, ¼ in. long.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Matamma); Dongola Prov.; Berber Prov.; Khartoum Prov.; Blue Nile Prov. (Sennar); Fung Prov. (Roseires & Jongol’s Post); White Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land, Jur Ghattas); Darfur Prov. (Zalingei). Parasitic on _Sorghum_, _Andropogon_, _Zea_, etc.).
A decoction in salt and water is applied externally for sun headache.
=S. glandulifera= _Engl._
Branched herb, 6-8 in. high, pilose and scabrid. Leaves opp. and subopp., narrowly linear, up to 1¼ in. long. Spikes terminal, 4 in. long; fl. paired; calyx 5-toothed, ¼ in. long; cor. deep rose, tube ½ in. long, curved and inflated, glandular-pubescent, upper lip under ¼ in. long, slightly emarginate, lower lip 3-lobed, short. Caps. oblong, 1/7 in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).
=S. strictissima= _Skan._
Densely hispid herb. Leaves lin.- or lanc.-subulate, under ½ in. long, closely appressed in distant pairs. Spikes terminal, up to 4 in. long; fl. paired in leaf-like bracts; calyx ¼ in. long, 5-toothed, upper smaller; cor. dull-pink, tube ½ in. long, curved and inflated, hairy, upper lip ⅛ in. long, truncate and toothed, lower 3-lobed, 1/12 in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Wau).
=S. lutea= _Lour._
Branched parasitic herb, 6-9 in. high, scabrid. Leaves alt. or opp., narrowly linear or lanceolate, ¼-1½ in. long. Spikes terminal, 4-6 in. long, distant-flowered; bracts ¼ in. long, linear; calyx ¼ in. long, 10-ribbed and 5-toothed; cor. yellow, red or white, tube ab. ½ in. long, suddenly bent above, upper lip obovate, lower 3-lobed, ¼ in. long. Caps. oblong ovoid, ⅙ in. long.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas & Bongo-land); Darfur Prov. (Kulme).
653 =Rhamphicarpa fistulosa= _Benth._
Erect branched herb, usually ab. 1 ft. high. Leaves pinn.- or bi- pinnatisect, up to 3 in. long, segments linear; fl. axillary solitary; calyx campanulate, 5-fid, ¼ in. long; cor. white, tube slender, 1-2 in. long; limb spreading, ½-¾ in. diam., 5-lobed, 2 more connate. Caps. ovoid, compressed, almost 2-winged, ⅓-½ in. long.
Nile River (Island near Debba in Dongola Prov.); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (main river from Meshra El Rek to Lake No); Niamniam-land (Nabambisso River); Bahr El Jebel (Madi Swamps).
=R. Heuglini= _Hochst._
Small branched herb. Leaves lin.-lanceolate to lanceolate, ½-2 in. long, hispid or scabrid. Fl. axillary in upper leaves, solitary; calyx tubular campanulate, ¼-½ in. long, 5-lobed; cor. white to mauve, tube ab. 1 in. long, glandular, limb 1-2 in. diam, spreading, 5-lobed, 2 more connate. Caps. obliquely ovoid ab. ⅓ in. long, beaked.
Khartoum Prov. (near Khartoum); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Meshra El Rek); Mongalla Prov. (Bor).
654 =Cycnium camporum= _Engl._
Tufted herb, up to 1 ft. high, pilose. Leaves lanc. to oblong- lanceolate, 1-3 in. long, crenate-serrate. Fl. usually opp., supra- axillary; calyx tubular, ½-⅔ in. long, campanulate in fruit, 10-ribbed, hispid; cor. white or pale yellow, tube 1¾ in. long, glandular, gibbous, limb 1¼ in. broad, spreading, 5-lobed. Caps. oblong ⅓ in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: by the Wau River & Jur Ghattas, Niamniam- land: Nabambisso River).
=C. adonense= _E. Meyer._
Robust scabrid herb, up to 1 ft. high. Leaves oblong or oblong- lanceolate, 1-3 in. long, crenate to serrate. Fl. axillary; calyx tubular, 1¼ in. long, densely hairy, 10-12 ribbed; cor. white or lilac, tube 2-3 in. long, gibbous, glandular, limb 2-3 in. diam., spreading, 5-lobed. Caps. ovoid or elliptic, ½ in. long.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=C. brachycalyx= _Schweinf._
Shrubby herb, pubescent all over, 1 ft. high; stems angular. Leaves lanceolate, 2½ in. long, serrate dentate. Fl. solitary, opp., supra- axillary; calyx campanulate, 1 in. long, 3 lobes broader than others; cor. tube 1¼ in. long, limb ab. ½ in. diam., lobes 5, orbicular, spreading.
Kassala Prov. (by Gendua River).
655 =Sopubia ramosa= _Hochst._
Scabrid undershr., 2-4 ft. high. Leaves in whorls of 3-4, linear or lin.-lanceolate, up to 1½ in. long. Fl. terminal racemose in whorls of 3-4; cor. coppery-purple or white with purple spot at base of each lobe, ab. ½ in. long, tube short, limb spreading, lobes 5, obovate; anthers 4, coherent in pairs. Caps. ovoid, ¼ in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: at Nganye & Bongo-land: at Sabbi); Darfur Prov. (Jebel Marra, 6,500-7,500 ft.).
=S. simplex= _Hochst._
Pubescent herb, branching from base, 1-3 ft. high. Leaves alt. or ternate, ⅙-1 in. long, appressed, scabrid. Fl. alt. or whorled in terminal racemes, up to 1 ft. long; cor. pink, or reddish-brown, under ½ in. long, limb spreading, lobes 5, obovate. Caps. ovoid, ¼ in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: Sueh River, Mittu-land: near Kuffulu-Ku); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=S. parviflora= _Engl._
Annual, 1-2 ft. high; stem 4-angled. Leaves opp., filiform, ⅓-¾ in. long, revolute, scabrid. Fl. in terminal racemes; cor. pale-brown, purple at throat, ⅓ in. long, lobes 5, spreading, obovate. Caps. subglobose, minute.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
656 =Micrargeria scopiformis= _Engl._
Rigid herb, 1-2½ ft. high, branching like a broom. Leaves opp., filiform, ¼-2 in. long, scabrid. Fl. in terminal racemes, 1-6 in. long; cor. pale purple, streaked dark purple at base of tube which is exserted and enlarged above, ab. ⅓ in. long, limb spreading, 5-lobed, lobes suborbicular ab. ⅙ in. wide.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas, Bongo-land: Sabbi).
=OROBANCHACEÆ.=
657 =Cistanche lutea= _Hoffmgg._ & _Link._ ERG EL TUNDUB (Khartoum), NAR EL FIL (Atbara), ERG EL MOYA, also ERG EL SHAGAT (Fung), HALUK, TURFAS & SIBB EL ARD—Arab.
Fleshy root-parasite with spirally arranged scale-like leaves and yellow flowers; st. 4 didynamous; anthers bearded.
Red Sea Prov.; Berber Prov. (Atbara); Khartoum, Blue Nile & Fung Provinces.
Parasitic on _Capparis decidua_, _Acacia arabica_, _Zizyphus_, etc.
658 =Orobanche cernua= _Loef._ =var. Desertorum= _Beck._
Stout parasitic herb, up to 16 in. high, covered with glandular and cobweb-like pubescence and scaly leaves. Spikes cylindric, many- flowered, 8 in. long; cor. bluish-white, ¾ in. long, 2-lipped, upper 2- and lower 3-lobed.
Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.).
=O. ramosa= _Linn._ HALUK—Arab.
Slender branched herb, 1 ft. high, glandular-hairy; scales ovate to ovate-lanceolate, ¼-½ in. long. Fl. in spikes; cor. pale-yellow with a blueish limb, ab. ½ in. long, upper lip 2-lobed, lower 3-lobed.
Khartoum Prov. (Khartoum).
Parasitic on Tomatoes.
=LENTIBULARIACEÆ (Bladder-worts).=
659 =Utricularia exilis= _Oliver._
Delicate dwarf herb; stems creeping filiform; leaves narrowly spathulate or ligulate, ¼ in. long, deciduous before flowering, with small bladders attached to stem and leaves, scape 1-2 in. high, 2-3 flowered; cor. white, yellow or purple, 2-lipped, ab. ⅙ in. long; st. 2.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=U. Schweinfurthii= _Baker._
Delicate twining annual. Leaves unknown. Scapes filiform, twining, up to 6 in. long; fl. up to 6, distant; cor. pale-purple, 2-lipped, spurred; st. 2.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Gir).
=U. subulata= _Linn._
Herb, 3-4 in. high, giving out bladder-bearing runners verticillately from base of scape. Leaves lin.-lanceolate, rosulate at base of scape, ¼ in. long. Scape 1-6 flowered; cor. yellow, ¼ in. long, 2-tipped, spurred; st. 2.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas) (Sub-terrestrial).
=U. Thonningii= _Schumach._
Floating aquatic herb, ab. 1 ft. long. Stem slender bearing verticils of bladder-bearing pectinate-filiform leaves and scapes bearing near their base a verticil of up to 6 spindle-shaped floats and above 3 to many flowers. Sepals 2, enlarged in fruit; cor. pinkish, 2-lipped and spurred; st. 2.
White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol, near Abba Island, & Lake Tura Um Kenen); Bahr El Jebel (Sudd); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).
=U. stellaris= _Linn. f._
Much like above, but flowers yellow.
White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol & Um Kenen); Upper White Nile Prov. (Tonga); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Gir, & Jur-land: Wau).
=U. reflexa= _Oliver._
Floating aquatic herb. Leaves as above but bladders larger (up to ⅙ in. long), up to 8 to a leaf. Scapes without floats, 1-6 in. long, 1-3 flowered; cor. yellow, ⅓ in. long, 2-lipped, spurred.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas & Main River).
=U. exoleta= _R. Br._
Small aquatic plant; stems filiform. Leaves with few slender segments or replaced by small bladders. Scapes floatless, 2-3 in. long, 2-3 flowered; cor. yellow, ¼ in. long, 2-lipped and spurred. Caps. globose exceeding calyx.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma); White Nile Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Khor Attar); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Meshra El Rek & Ghabat El Arab, on Main River).
=U. incerta= _Kam._
Floating aquatic herb; stems long, filiform. Leaves bipinnate, pinnæ ¼ in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Main River).
=BIGNONIACEÆ.=
660 =Spathodea nilotica= _Seem._ The African “Tulip-tree.”
Tree, ab. 20 ft. high. Leaves opp. or ternate, 5-16 in. long; leaflets 9-15, ovate-oblong, 1½-4 in. long, pubescent below. Fl. in dense terminal corymbose racemes; calyx boat-shaped, 2 in. long; cor. orange- scarlet, 3-4½ in. long, 2-lipped. Caps. 8 in. long, lanceolate-oblong; seeds winged, 1 in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: by the Manisilli Brook); Mongalla Prov.
A very handsome tree. The wood is white and very soft; density 0.363.
661 =Stereospermum kunthianum= _Cham._ KHASHKHASH & KHASHKHASH ABIAD (Fung), SAMR (Kordn.), & SUWEID (Medani)—Arab; TETERLING (J. Daier), KARII (J. Eliri), & N’DULA (Kadugli)—Nuba; LUJURUT—Bari; WULIADO (Bahr El Ghazal), & KONGGOGOI (Goz El Siada)—Dinka; CHOKO—Golo; FUNNA—Burun; BARISANGO—Zande.
Tree up to 50 ft. high, with light-coloured flaking bark. Leaves opp. imparipinnate 6-14 in. long; leaflets 5-9 ovate or elliptic-oblong, 1½-5 in. long. Fl. in terminal large cymose panicles; cor. pink with carmine lines, 1½ in. long, tube funnel-shaped; st. 4. Caps. cylindric, 1-2 ft. long; seeds 2-winged.
Fung Prov. (Fazoghli, Jongol’s Post); White Nile Prov. (Jebelein); Kordofan Prov. (Rahad); Upper White Nile Prov. (Sobat River & Goz El Siada); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Mittu-land, near Old Wau, Chakchak, & Niamniam-land); Darfur Prov. (Kordofan borders 13° N. Lat.; J. Marra; Kallo Kitting, 4,000 ft.); Mongalla Prov.
Timber whitish, very hard.
662 =Kigelia æthiopica= _Decne._ ABUSHUTŪR, ABU SIDRA, UMSHUTUR & MASHTURA—Arab; TIMLA (Dilling)—Nuba; KUBULI—Bari; RĀWAR (Kenissa) & RUWĀL (Jonglei)—Dinka; GAFA—Golo; NAK & LUEL—Nuer; RANGBARANGBO—Zande. The “Sausage-tree.”
Large tree. Leaves ternate, pinnate; leaflets 7-11, oblong-elliptic or obovate, coriaceous, 3-5 in. long. Fl. in long pendulous, lax panicles. Calyx campanulate, 2-lipped 1 in. long; cor. purple-maroon, 3 in. long; st. 4 and 1 staminode. Fr. subcylindric up to 2 ft. long, 3-4 in. broad, pendulous on long peduncles; seeds wingless, thick.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Matamma); Fung Prov. (Fazoghli & Jongol’s Post); Kordofan Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Sobat River); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (many parts); Mongalla Prov.
Wood, heavy, hard, yellowish with red spots, hard to work. Branch-wood used for bows. The ashes of the fruit are considered an efficient substitute for boracic powder for cleansing wounds of animals.
=K. æthiopica= _Decne._ =var. abyssinica= _Spr._
Corolla smaller; the cylindric basal portion of tube 1 in. long.
Fung Prov. (Fazoghli).
=PEDALIACEÆ.=
663 =Rogeria adenophylla= _Gay._ SIMSIM AFRĪT (Kordn.), & SAKARAN—Arab; SUKOSUKO (J. Ghulfan)—Nuba.
Stout and tall woody herb. Leaves opp., broadly obovate, more or less 3-lobed 2-4 in. long, mealy glandular, dentate. Fl. 1-3 in axils of leaves, ped. short with a gland at base of each; cor. maroon, ab. 2 in. long, tube funnel-shaped, gibbous at base, limb ¾ in. diam., 5-lobed. Caps. obliquely ovoid with 4 to 8 spines at base.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin, J. Waratab); Berber Prov. (Atbara); Khartoum Prov. (J. Auli); Blue Nile Prov. (Rufaa, Sennar); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol, banks of the White Nile, El Dueim to Tonga, Upper White Nile Prov., Rocky hills); Kordofan Prov.
The plant affords a mucilaginous infusion which is useful in cases of diarrhœa.
664 =Sesamum angustifolium= _Engl._
Tall herb. Leaves lin.-lanceolate 1-3 in. long, pubescent above, glaucous below. Fl. solitary, axillary; cor. pink, obliquely campanulate, 1-1½ in. long, obscurely 2-lipped. Caps. ¾ in. long, oblong, beaked.
Banks of the White Nile; Darfur Prov. (Kulme); Mongalla Prov. (Mongalla).
=S. radiatum= _Schumach._
Mealy-glandular herb. Lower leaves ovate, toothed, 2½ in. long, upper lanceolate, up to 4 in. long. Fl. solitary, axillary; cor. purple and white, 1½ in. long, obliquely campanulate, 2-lipped, lowest lobe ⅓ in. long. Caps. 1 in. long, shortly beaked, pubescent.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur).
=S. indicum= _Linn._ SIMSIM—Arab; NIUM—Nuer; SĀRAH—Zande. Sesame.
Mealy glandular and pubescent herb, up to 6 ft. high. Leaves variable, the lowest 3-partite, 3-6 in. long, pet. 4-6 in., gradually passing above to lanceolate, 2-4 in. long with shorter pet.; cor. white, tinged with pink, 1 in. long. Caps. 1 in. long, with short deltoid beak.
Cultivated. Berber Prov. (Korkos Island between Berber & Khartoum); White Nile Prov. (sub-wild on rocky hills); Fung Prov. (cultivated); Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov. (Kulme); Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
Cultivated for its seed which yields the valuable Sesame seed of commerce. Also wild or sub-wild on rocky hills near the White Nile.
=S. alatum= _Thonn._ SIMSIM—Arab.
Glabrous herb, 2-3 ft. high; stems quadrangular. Leaves varying from 5-fol. below to simple, lin.-lanceolate above, all long-petioled. Cor. pink to carmine, spotted in throat, 1 in. long, obliquely campanulate, 2-lipped, lobes subequal. Caps. 2 in. long; beak slender, up to ½ in. Seeds 2-winged, wing orbicular.
Cultivated. Berber Prov. (Atbara); Khartoum Prov.; White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov. (Um Gash, & between Aguri & Taiara); Darfur Prov. (20 m. N. of Fasher).
665 =Ceratotheca sesamoides= _Endl._ WEIKAT EL BADEIB (N. Kordn.)—Arab.
Glaucous, bushy herb, ½-2 ft. high. Leaves deltoid to hastate, densely mealy-glandular. Fl. solitary, axillary; cor. pale-lilac, throat yellow with purple lines, ab. 1 in. long, obscurely 2-lipped, lower lobes ¾ in. long. Caps. ½-¾ in. long, hairy, furnished with 2 apical horns.
White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov. (Obeid, Taiara); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas); Darfur Prov. (Kulme).
It is eaten as a vegetable.
=ACANTHACEÆ.=
666 =Thunbergia affinis= _S. Moore._
Woody herb, 6-7 ft. high. Leaves opp. as in all this family, ovate, acuminate, 4½ in. long; pet. ¾ in. with 2 thorns at base. Fl. solitary, enclosed by 2 ovate bracteoles, giving a false appearance of a calyx, 1¼ in. long; calyx lobes 5 dotted with white scales; cor. tube yellow, 1¾ in. long; lobes violet, ½ in. long. Caps. 1 in. long, beaked.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land); Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land: Naporruporru River).
=T. annua= _Hochst._
Hairy marsh herb. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, 4 in. long, sessile. Fl. solitary on short peduncle; bracteoles 2, ovate, keeled; cor. white (?), tube ½ in. long; lobes 5, ⅛ in. long; st. 4, anthers with 2 spurs at base. Caps. beaked.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov. (Abu Gerad).
=T. annua= _Hochst._ =var. Ruspolii= _Burkill._
More hairy. Leaves subtruncate at base; bracteoles hirsute.
Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf).
=T. hispida= _Solm._
Hispidly white herb; stems 4-angled. Leaves elliptic-oblong, 1 in. long. Fl. solitary; bracteoles 2, ovate-acuminate; cor. white, lobes 5; st. 4, anthers 2-spurred below. Caps. 1 in. long, glandular.
Fung Prov. (Roseires); Upper White Nile Prov. (Sobat River: between Abwong and Nasser).
=T. alata= _Boj._
Climbing, pilose herb. Leaves ovate sagittate or hastate, 2½ in. long; pet. 1-2 in. long, winged. Fl. solitary on 2 in. long peduncles; bracteoles ovate, 1 in. long; cor. tube claret-coloured 1/5 in. long; lobes 5, yellow to white, ab. ½ in. long; anthers 4, 2 upper ones 1-spurred, 2 lower 2-spurred. Caps. ¾ in. long, seeds 4.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: Nabambisso River); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
=T. Schweinfurthii= _S. Moore._
Strigose herb. Leaves narrowly lanceolate, 2½ in. long, hastate. Fl. solitary, peduncles ab. 1 in. long; bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, white with green veins. Cor. 1¼ in. long, lobes small; st. 4, 2 anthers 1-spurred.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: near Zeriba Kutshuk Ali).
667 =Elytraria crenata= _Vahl._
Dwarf pubescent herb. Leaves alt., crowded near the base, 2-7 in. long, spathulate or oblanceolate, crenate or sinuate. Scapes several, 2-9 in. high, covered with small bracts; spikes simple or compound; bracteoles 2; calyx 4-partite; cor. white or pale blue, ⅓ in. long, 2-lipped, 5-lobed. Caps. ovoid, ⅙ in. long.
Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land: by the Yuru River).
668 =Nelsonia campestris= _R. Br._
Small villous, diffuse herb. Leaves opp., elliptic, variable in size. Spikes 1-3 in. long imbricated; bracts ovate; bracteoles 0; cor. usually pale lilac or white, 2-lipped, 5-lobed; st. 2. Caps. oblong, ¼ in. long.
Fung Prov. (Roseires and Fazoghli); Upper White Nile Prov. (Taufikia); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Mittu-land, Mvolo and Ngama, Niamniam-land, Nabambisso River); Mongalla Prov.
669 =Hygrophila spinosa= _T. Anders._ MASHIKA & SHUEIKA (Meshra El Zeraf)—Arab; TĪL (or ATIL) (Meshra El Zeraf & Kenissa)—Dinka.
Bushy spiny herb, growing in marshy ground. Leaves oblanceolate, hispid, 3-4 in. long, opp. or whorled with 6 spines 1 in. long at their base. Fl. in dense axillary clusters with many linear or lanceolate bracts; cor. mauve, 2-lipped, upper one forming a hood, tube ½ in. long, lip ⅓ in. long. Caps. ⅓ in. long; seeds 4-8, placed on small brackets (retinacula) and covered with fine hairs (hygroscopic) which uncurl when wetted.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Matamma); Fung. Prov. (Fazoghli); White Nile Prov. (Jebelein southwards, J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov. (several places); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Ghabat El Arab and Bongo-land); Mongalla Prov.; Darfur Prov. (Zalingei).
The whole plant or its ashes and the roots are used as a cooling medicine and diuretic in cases of hepatic obstruction, dropsy, rheumatism, etc. The seeds are demulcent and diuretic.
=H. cærulea= _T. Anders._
Bushy pilose herb. Leaves narrowly obovate, ½-¾ in. long, sessile. Fl. in short terminal spikes; bracts linear; calyx segments 5, filiform, ¼ in. long; cor. ⅔ in. long, 2-lipped, upper hooded; st. 4 unequal. Caps. ¼ in. long, many seeded; seeds as above.
White Nile Prov. (J. Musa, El Ehs); Nuba Mts. Prov. (J. El Glet and Um Kheren).
670 =Dyschoriste Perrottetii= _O. Kuntze._
Undershr. 3-4 ft. high. Leaves lanceolate, up to 3½ in. long. Fl. 3-8, clustered; bracteoles 2, lin.-oblong; calyx ⅓ in. long, 5-partite; cor. ½ in. long, tube inflated, lobes 5, subequal. Caps. ab. ⅓ in. long; seeds 4, hygroscopic.
Fung. Prov. (Fazoghli); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: River Tidju, Mittu-land).
671 =Ruellia patula= _Jacq._
Small shrub. Leaves in subequal pairs, ovate or elliptic, ½-2½ in. long, grey-pubescent. Cymes small, axillary, enclosed in ¾ in. long spathulate-oblong bracteoles; cor. mauve or white, 1⅓ in. long, tube inflated, lobes 5, subequal, spreading. Caps. ½ in. long, club-shaped; seeds ab. 12, hygroscopic.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin, Nubian coast); Khartoum Prov. (J. Royan); White Nile Prov. (Jebelein); Kordofan Prov.; Mongalla Prov.; Darfur Prov. (Jebel Marra, Niurnya, 6,500 ft.).
=R. prætermissa= _Lindau._
Much as above. Leaves somewhat larger and more pointed, nearly glabrous.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur, & Bongo-land: Gir & Niamniam-land).
=R. genduana= _C. B. Clarke._
Small shrub. Leaves up to 3 in. long, elliptic-lanceolate or orbicular, glabrous. Caps. hairy otherwise as above.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Gendua River).
672 =Paulowilhelmia sclerochiton= _Lindau._
Shrub. Leaves ovate, toothed, long petioled. Fl. in scorpioid, axillary, lax cymes or terminal panicles; calyx 5-part., ½ in. long; cor. tube 1 in. long, inflated, lobes 5, subequal. Caps. under ½ in. long; seeds 4, hygroscopic.
Belgian Congo (Niamniam-land: Assika River).
673 =Phaylopsis falcisepala= _C. B. Clarke._
Branched herb, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves opp., often unequal and oblique, ovate, acuminate, up to 3 in. long. Fl. sessile in threes, in axils of large dense imbricated bracts in a close one-sided inflor.; sepals 5 of which 2 are falcate; cor. white or purplish, tube ¼ in., lobes 5, 2-lipped. Caps. ¼ in. long; seeds 4, hygroscopic.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Gir).
=P. Barteri= _T. Anders._
Shrubby herb 1-3 ft. high. Leaves ovate to oblong, acuminate both ends, up to 4½ in. long. Fl. in dense imbricate (strobilate) spikes 2½ in. long; calyx segments 5, from elliptic to linear; cor. tube ⅓ in. long, inflated above. Caps. and seeds as above.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Addai & Dimo in Jur-land).
674 =Satanocrater fellatensis= _Schwfth._
Undershrub. Leaves elliptic or broad-lanceolate, 3 in. long. Fl. solitary, opp. in the leaf-axils; calyx tubular, inflated, 5-angled and 5-toothed, 1 in. long; cor. blue, tube inflated, ab. 2 in. long, lobes 5, subequal, ½ in. long; st. 4. Caps. oblong; seeds 4 discoid and hygroscopic.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Fellata village).
675 =Hemigraphis abyssinica= _C. B. Clarke._
Pubescent wiry herb. Leaves elliptic, ⅔ in. long, subsessile. Fl. in axillary clusters and quasi-terminal spikes; sepals 5, hairy, ¼ in. long; cor. ¼ in. long, tubular and 5-lobed; st. 4. Caps. cylindric; seeds 6-12, hygroscopic on stout retinacula.
Fung Prov.; White Nile Prov. (El Ehs); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (between Chak Chak & Deim Zubeir).
=H. Schweinfurthii= _C. B. Clarke._
Pubescent herb, ½-1 ft. high. Leaves lanceolate, up to 2 in. long, tapering to both ends. Fl. much as above.
Upper White Nile Prov. (Sobat River: mouth of Khor Filus); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Sabbi, & Mittu-land: Rivers Roa & Wokko).
676 =Blepharis bœrhaaviæfolia= _Pers._
Procumbent shrubby herb. Leaves 4-nate in distant whorls, elliptic, 1½ in. long, sessile. Fl. in axil of terminal bract in a bracteate spike; bract ⅓ in. long, spathulate with 7-15 spines at margin; cor. blue, ½ in. long, 1-lipped. Caps. ¼ in. long; seeds 2, hygroscopic.
Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit); Blue Nile Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Roah River).
=B. linariifolia= _Pers._ BEGHEIL or UM BEGEIL—Arab.
Low growing woody herb. Leaves linear, up to 3 in. long. Bracteate spikes in the axils of the branches, 1-3 in. long; bracts up to 1 in. long, ovate abruptly pointed and recurved, with 6 brown spines; bracteoles linear; cor. deep blue, 1 in. long, 1-lipped; st. 4; anthers hairy, filaments of 2 antichous stamens bearing a horn-like appendage. Capsule ovoid; seeds 2, hygroscopic.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma); Fung Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov. (Kulme).
It is said to be the favourite food of Oryx leucoryx and of camels.
=B. edulis= _Pers._