Part 29
Bushy woody herb. Leaves 4-nate, up to 2 in. long, 1 pair smaller, oblong or narrow elliptic, spinescent. Fl. in strobilate spikes up to 4 in. long; bracts 1½ in. long, ovate, acuminate, recurved, spiny; cor. blue, ¾ in. long. Caps. ¼ in. long; seeds 2, hygroscopic.
Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L., coastland); Nubia (between North Atbara, Khors in Desert); Khartoum Prov. (rocky hills); Kordofan Prov.
A good camel fodder.
677 =Acanthus arboreus= _Forsk._
Stout shrub, up to 20 ft. high. Leaves spinous lobed or sub-pinnatifid, up to 12 × 6 in. Spikes 1-3, terminal, up to 10 in. long, by 2 in. broad; bracts 1½ in. long, spinous as well as (2) bracteoles; calyx spiny, 4-fid; cor. rose or pale purple, 1¾ in. long, 1-lipped. Caps. ¾ in. long; seeds glabrous.
Blue Nile Prov. (Fazoghli).
=A. montanus= _T. Anders._
Up to 3 ft. high, otherwise much as above, but flowers and capsule larger and leaves caudate.
Mongalla Prov. (Yei River); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).
678 =Barleria candida= _Nees._
Prickly undershrub with long white tubular flowers. Seeds shaggy, hygroscopic as all in this genus.
Khartoum Prov. (rocky hills).
=B. Prionitis= _Linn._
Bushy herb, ab. 18 in. high. Leaves elliptic, usually ab. 3-4 in. long with fascicles of spines at their base. Fl. axillary, solitary or 2 together; cor. buff-coloured, 2-lipped, 1-1½ in. long. Caps. ovoid, beaked, 2-seeded.
Nuba Mts. Prov. (J. Daier).
It is said to yield a gum. In India the juice of the leaves is used in catarrhal affections of children. It is also used to harden the feet and thus prevent the soles from cracking.
=B. diacantha= _Nees._
Very similar to preceding but spines often paired and about 1 in. long.
No locality (fide Mrs. Crowfoot).
=B. trispinosa= _Vahl._ OT-HAUK—Hadendowa.
Bushy herb; interpetiolar spines 2-3 together, up to 1 in. long. Fl. in terminal imbricate heads 1-2 in. long, yellow, 2-lipped, otherwise as above.
Red Sea Prov. (near Erkowit).
=B. grandicalyx= _Lindau._
Hispid herb, 1 ft. high. Leaves obovate-oblong, 2 in. long; interpet. spines ⅓ in. long. Fl. solitary; calyx ¾ in. spinous; cor. pale blue, tube ¾ in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Gir, Wau, Mittu-land: Rohl River); Upper White Nile Prov.
=B. acanthoides= _Vahl._
Prickly, densely white-hairy undershr. Leaves elliptic-oblong, 1-2 in. long; interpet. spines 2-4 together. Racemes 2-8 fl., scorpioid; bracts spinous; cor. white; tube 3 in. long; lobes ⅓ in. long. Caps. ½ in., seeds 4.
Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.); Khartoum Prov.; Darfur Prov. (J. Barkin).
=B. spinulosa= _Klotzsch._
Tomentose and glandular-hairy herb. Leaves elliptic, up to 3 in. long. Fl. in axillary compact bracteate racemes 1-8 flowered; bracts and sepals ab. ½ in. long, spine-toothed; cor. pale-blue, ¾ in. long, lobes. Caps. ½ in. long, seeds 4, hygroscopic.
Nuba Mts. Prov. (Kadugli).
=B. parviflora= _R. Br._
Unarmed shrubby herb with appressed white hairs. Leaves elliptic-ovate, up to 1¼ in. long, sessile. Cymes lax, 1-3 flowered; bracts ⅓ in. long, broad lanceolate; 2 outer calyx segments ¼ in. long; cor. ⅔ in. long. Caps. ⅓ in. long, pubescent, beaked; seeds 2, hygroscopic.
Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit).
=B. eranthemoides= _R. Br._
Spiny and bushy plant, not unlike _B. Prionitis_, but cor. tube 1 in. long, linear to top; lobes 5, yellow, sub-equal, ⅓-½ in. long, not 2-lipped.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
=B. Hochstetteri= _Nees._
Unarmed undershrub, with minute rough hairs. Leaves elliptic, ab. 1¾ in. long; pet. short. Cymes few-flowered, lax; 2 outer calyx segments, nearly ½ in. long, ovate; cor. tube ½ in. long, lobes ⅓-½ in. Caps. nearly ½ in. long; seeds 2, hygroscopic.
Between Suakin & Berber (Wadi Omareg); White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov. (J. Sungur).
=B. calophylla= _Lindau._
Unarmed herb, up to 1½ ft. high. Leaves oblong, up to 4 in. long, sessile, rounded or cordate. Infl. in 1-3 flowered axillary racemes, crowded at top into an oblong head; bracts ⅔ in. long; calyx segments varying from 1 to 1½ in. long; cor. white or pinkish, tube 1½ in. long, lobes 1¼ in. long. Caps. ¾ in; seeds 4.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: Gumba & Bongo-land: Addai).
=B. ventricosa= _Nees._
Scrambling, spiny herb or undershr., 3-6 ft. high. Leaves strigose with tawny hairs, up to 2 in. long, yellowish-green. Fl. in axillary cymes forming a less dense head than above; bracts ½ in. long; sepals 5, postichous one quadrate-oblong, ½ in. long; cor. ½ in. long, blue or purple, funnel-shaped; lobes 5. Caps. ½ in. long, ellipsoid; seeds 2.
Nuba Mts. Prov. (Khor Mashisha near Dilling).
=B. Grantii= _Oliv._
Scrambling herb or undershr. Leaves ovate, 2 in. long, hairy, dark green. Cymes 1-2 flowered, axillary and running into terminal spikes; bracts ¾ in. long, linear; postichous sepal ¾ in. long, ovate; cor. deep purple; tube ⅔ in., long, inflated, lobes ⅔ in. long. Caps. ½ in. long; seeds 2.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Shambe).
679 =Neuracanthus niveus= _S. Moore._
Undershrub. Leaves broadly elliptic, up to 4 in. long, white stellate- tomentose beneath. Fl. in axillary sessile ovoid heads, white-hairy; bracts ½ in. long; calyx 2-partite, antichous segment 2-fid, postichous 3-fid; cor. ⅔ in. long, funnel-shaped, lobes 5, triangular. Caps. ovoid, beaked, small. Seeds 2-4 hygroscopic.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
680 =Crossandra nilotica= _Oliv._
Herb, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves elliptic, up to 4 in. long. Fl. in imbricate, bracteate spikes, 1-2½ in. long; bracts ab. ½ in. long, obovate- elliptic; calyx 5-partite, postichous segment with 2 hairy teeth; cor. brick-red, tube ¾ in. long, lobes 5, ½ in. long. Caps. ⅓ in. long, elliptic; seeds 4, hygroscopic.
Upper White Nile Prov. (Sobat River: Itang); Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
=var. acuminata= _Lindau._
Tip of bracts more acute than above.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Dar Fertit: near Biselli).
=C. subacaulis= _C. B. Clarke._
Almost acaulescent herb. Leaves basal, crowded, obovate, up to 6 in. long, sessile. Fl. on peduncles up to 5 in. long, bearing loose spikes up to 4 in. long; bracts 5-9 nerved, otherwise fl. as in above.
Upper White Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur & Bongo lands); Mongalla Prov. (Mongalla); Moru-land.
681 =Asystasia coromandeliana= _Nees._
Herb up to 4 ft. high. Leaves ovate, 3 in. long, suddenly narrowed at base. Racemes 2-6 in. long, often forming a terminal panicle; cor. lilac to yellow or white; tube ¾ in. long, inflated; limb 5-fid; st. 4, each 1-2 spurred. Caps. 1 in. long; seeds 4, not hygroscopic.
Fung Prov. (Fazoghli, Jongol’s Post); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Mittu-land: Mvolo); Mongalla Prov.; Darfur (Kulme).
682 =Eranthemum decurrens= _Nees._
Herb or undershr. Leaves ovate, 4-9 in. long, decurrent into petiole. Fl. 1-3 together on bracteate 4-6 in. long spikes pubescent and with stalked glands; bracts minute; sepals small, equal; cor. yellow with red centre, tube 1 in. long; perfect st. 2. Caps. 1 in. long; seeds 4, hairless.
Fung Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Dimo).
=E. hypocrateriforme= _Roem._ & _Schultes._ ERG EL NIMR—Arab; MERZIS—Hameg.
Shrub, 3-4 ft. high. Leaves ovate or elliptic, 3½ in. long, white- dotted. Panicles linear, 2-7 in. long; axillary cymes dense; cor. scarlet, tube 1 in. long, lobes 5 spreading, ½ in. long; perfect st. 2. Caps. 1¼ in. long; seeds 4, hairless.
Fung Prov.
The root ground to a paste is given in merissa for stomach-ache.
683 =Lepidagathis scariosa= _Nees._
Herb, woody below. Leaves elliptic to ovate, 2 in. long, grey hairy beneath. Fl. in terminal ovoid heads, with soft prickles and gland- tipped hairs; cor. 2-lipped, 1 in. long; st. 4; caps. ⅓ in. long; seeds 4, hygroscopic.
Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov. (30 miles E. of Zalingei).
=L. Schweinfurthii= _Lindau._
Low herb, woody below. Leaves linear, 4 in. long, crowded at base except on 1 or more elongated leaf-bearing shoots, ab. 6 in. long. Fl. mostly in dense hairy radical heads; cor. white with purple spots, ⅔ in. long; st. 4; seeds hygroscopic.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=L. radicalis= _Nees._
Differs from above by more hairy, shorter and slightly broader leaves.
Nuba Mts. Prov. (Ghebeish near J. Eliri); Mongalla Prov.; Darfur Prov. (Jebel Marra: Goluberi Volcano, 8,000 ft.); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).
=L. myrtifolia= _S. Moore._
Woody plant, apparently rooting on trees or rocks, ab. 2-3 ft. high; branches flexuous. Leaves elliptic, 1 in. long, subsessile. Fl. in radical and axillary dense ovoid white-hairy heads; bracts ⅓ in. long; sepals 5; cor. 2-lipped, ⅓ in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Gir).
=L. perglabra= _C. B. Clarke._
Glabrous except for margins of floral leaves. Leaves linear, 3-nerved, 3¼ in. long. Fl. in axillary heads.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Ngoli).
=L. peniculifera= _S. Moore._
Stout woody plant. Leaves linear, 1¼ in. long, tips acute, with long white hairs. Spikes compound, 2 in. long, one-sided, 1 to 2 together; bracts dense, leathery, ovate mucronate; sep. 5, ⅓ in. long, hairy and leathery; cor. ⅔ in. long; st. 4.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Mittu-land: Reggo).
=L. Medusæ= _S. Moore._
Stout villous plant. Leaves 4 in. by ½ in., 5-nerved. Spikes unilateral, compound, 1-2 together in upper axils, 1½ in. long; bracts ovate with long deflexed white hairy tails; sepals 5, also with ⅓ in. long tails; cor. ⅔ in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Ngoli).
=L. laguroidea= _T. Anders._
Woody plant; young parts minutely pubescent. Leaves ovate to narrow- elliptic, 2 in. long, narrowed both ends. Spikes terminal, 2 in. long, not imbricate; bracts lin.-lanceolate; cor. ⅓ in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Mittu-land: Mvolo).
684 =Justicia Betonica= _Linn._
Shrubby, nearly glabrous herb. Leaves ovate, acuminate to both ends, 3 in. long. Spikes imbricate, 4½ in. long; bracts somewhat 4-ranked, ovate, ⅓ in. long, white with green nerves; bracteoles similar, smaller; cor. white, rose-spotted, ½ in. long, 2-lipped; st. 2, one anther cell below the other, long-tailed. Caps. ½ in. long, hairy; seeds 4, rugose.
Kordofan Prov.
=J. betonicoides= _C. B. Clarke._
As above, but leaves subsessile, oblong or lanceolate, hairy beneath and on nerves above.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas, Mittu- & Bongo-lands).
=J. flava= _Vahl._ MAHBAB (White Nile Prov.)—Arab.
Hairy herb, 2-4 ft. high. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, up to 3 in. long, both surfaces hairy; pet. ⅔ in. long. Spikes terminal, 4-8 in. long, sometimes interrupted at base; bracts ab. ½ in. long, lanceolate, containing 1-3 fl., green, hairy; bracteoles similar but smaller; sep. 5, small, hairy; cor. yellow; st. 2, one anther cell below the other, tailed. Caps. ⅓ in. long; seeds 4, shortly hairy.
Red Sea Prov. (Khor Tamanib, Suakin & Erkowit); Fung Prov. (Saoleil); White Nile Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf, Sobat: mouth of Khor Filus).
=J. palustris= _T. Anders._
Leaves oblong tapering to both ends, 6½ in. long; pet. short, otherwise much as above.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma); White Nile Prov. (Jebel Arashkol); Kordofan Prov.
=J. insularis= _T. Anders._
Scrambling hispid herb. Leaves lanceolate-oblong, 3½ in. long; pet. ¼-1 in. long. Fl. 1-3 in axil of each bract; bracts round or obovate, ⅓ in. long; cor. white with purple mark on lower lip which is 3-lobed and the longer; st. 2 as above. Caps. ⅓ in., seeds 4, rugose.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Shambe).
=J. calcarata= _Hochst._
Herb with woody rootstock; branches with spreading hairs. Leaves 3 × 1 in. tapering to both ends. Fl. 1-3 in axils of bracts; bracts ovate or elliptic, ⅓ in. long; cor. purple, otherwise as above.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Kordofan Prov. (El Obeid); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Gurfala).
=J. galeopsis= _T. Anders._
Much as _J. insularis_ but leaves oblong, subsessile, calyx more hispid; cor. purple-red or yellow.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur-land); Darfur Prov. (Kulme, 3,600 ft.).
=J. sexangularis= _Lindau._
Herb, 18 in. high with 6-angled stem, scabrid hairy. Leaves oblong, up to 2 in., subsessile. Fl. 1-3 in axils of oblong bracts; cor. purple, ½ in. long. Caps. ab. ¼ in. long, hairy; seeds 4, tubercled.
Kordofan Prov. (Melbes).
=J. Whytei= _S. Moore._
Hairy herb with stout woody rootstock. Leaves ovate to lanceolate. Fl. 1-3 in axils of bracts; cor. purple, ½ in. long. Caps. ¼ in. hairy; seeds 4.
Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit).
=J. heterocarpa= _T. Anders._
Pubescent annual, 8-20 in. high. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, 1½ in. long; pet. ½-¾ in. Fl. in axillary clusters of 2 to many; sepals minute, white-hairy; cor. ¼ in. long. Caps. of 2 kinds in same head, one 4-seeded, normal, and one 1-seeded and spinous-winged.
Red Sea Prov. (below Erkowit & 21° N. Lat.).
=J. odora= _Vahl._
Undershr., 1-2 ft. high. Leaves ovate or oblong, 1-3 in. long. Fl. solitary to 3 in axils of bracts; cor. ½ in. long, yellow. Caps. ½ in. long; seeds 4 tubercular-scabrous.
Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit).
=J. anselliana= _T. Anders._ ABU NUWARA (Meshra El Zeraf)—Arab; ALUME (Meshra El Zeraf)—Dinka.
Weak herb, 12 to 20 in. high. Leaves linear to lanceolate, 1¾ in. long or ovate, ⅔ in. long. Fl. 2-8 in axillary scorpioid cymes; cor. ¼ in. long. Caps. ⅓ in. long; seeds 4, wrinkled and more or less winged.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf southwards, Sobat mouth); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Sabbi River); Bahr El Jebel.
=J. matammensis= _Oliv._
Much like above; more pubescent and no leaves linear; cor. white.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Matamma); Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); Upper White Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land); Mongalla Prov. (Mongalla).
=J. uncinulata= _Oliv._ =var. tenuicapsa= _C. B. Clarke._
Rootstock woody; branches 4-6 in. long. Leaves elliptic or ovate ½-⅔ in. long. Spikes axillary, unilateral with few distant solitary flowers; cor. ab. ¼ in. long. Caps. ¼ in., slender, hispid near top; seeds 4, rugose.
Upper White Nile.
685 =Monechma hispidum= _Hochst._ SHAIIR (Goz El Siada)—Arab; TILL (Goz El Siada)—Dinka; MELL—Burun.
Herb, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves 3 × ¾ in., hispid-scabrous or glabrate. Spikes hispid with long white hairs, 4 in. long in fruit; bracts 1 in. long, oblong, bracteoles ¾ in.; sepals 5, ⅓ in. long; cor. white, spotted purple, ½ in. long, 2-lipped; st. 2, 1 anther-cell below the other, long-tailed, tail 2-fid. Caps. ⅓ in. long; seeds 2 with tufts of hair at either end.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Kordofan Prov. (El Obeid); Upper White Nile Prov. (Goz El Siada); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas); Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
=M. bracteatum= _Hochst._ FAKHAH (Sennar, Dinder)—Arab.
Herb, 1-3 ft. high. Leaves lanceolate, up to 4 in. long. Spikes strobilate (imbricate) 2 in. long, axillary or terminal; bracts round, ciliate, enclosing calyx which is 1/5 in. long, hairy; cor. ½ in. long; st. as above. Caps. ¼ in. long, white-hairy; seeds 2, yellow-brown.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: Matamma); Fung, Kordofan & Darfur Provinces; Red Sea Prov. (Karora Hills).
=M. varians= _C. B. Clarke._
Herb with woody rootstock, up to 18 in. high. Leaves elliptic-oblong, up to 2 in. long, subsessile. Spikes terminal, 1¼ in. long, dense; bracts oblong-elliptic, ½ in. long; bracteoles ⅓ in. long; sepals 5, glandular- hairy, one smaller; cor. ½ in. long; anthers short-tailed.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (between River Biri & Deim Zubeir).
686 =Ecbolium linneanum= _Kurz._
Shrub. Leaves narrowly oblong to broadly ovate, up to 3 in. long. Spikes terminal, 4 in. long: bracts strobilate ¾ in. long, ovate, apiculate, often pubescent; bracteoles ¼ in. long, linear; sepals 5, linear; cor. tube ab. 1 in. long, limb 2-lipped, ½ in.; st. 2, anthers nearly equal height. Caps. ¾ in. long; seeds 2, rough edged.
Red Sea Prov. (Sinkat, Suakin, & 21° N. Lat.).
=E. Anisacanthus= _C. B. Clarke._
Small woody, densely white-hairy shrub. Leaves lin.-lanceolate, 1½ in. long. Spikes terminal, 1¾ in. long, 8-12 flowered; bracts hardly imbricate, elliptic, ½ in. long; bracteoles minute; calyx small, 2-lipped; cor. tube ⅓ in.; limb 2-lipped, ⅓ in. long. Anthers of equal height. Caps ⅓ in. long; seeds 2, yellow, smooth, shining.
Red Sea Prov. (Khor Ashat & Erkowit); Between Suakin & Berber (Wadi Omari).
687 =Dicliptera maculata= _Nees._
Herb, 2-3 ft. Leaves ovate-lanceolate, 3½ in. long; pet. 1 in. Peduncles axillary and terminal, 1-3 in. long; pedicels many, ¾ in. long; outer bract under ½ in., elliptic, pubescent; bracteoles 2; sep. 5, ⅙ in. long; cor. purple to white, deeply 2-lipped, ¾ in. long; st. 2, one anther cell above the other. Caps. small, ovoid; seeds 2 or 4.
Æthiopia.
=D. micranthes= _Nees._ RAKAB—Arab.
Tall herb; stems 6-angled; angles whitened. Leaves elliptic, 3 in. long, narrowed both ends. Spikelets in dense globose heads, ½-¾ in. diam., terminal and axillary; 2 bracts of the spikelet ab. ⅓ in. long, obovate- lanceolate, suddenly narrowed into a spinescent mucro, with long white hair; bracteoles shorter, linear; sepals 5, small; cor. ab. ½ in. long, mauve. Caps. ⅙ in. long, somewhat hairy; seeds up to 4, tubercled.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Kordofan Prov.; Darfur Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Khor Attar, Meshra El Zeraf).
=D. nilotica= _C. B. Clarke._
Herb, 4-8 in. high, pubescent. Leaves elliptic-oblong, up to 2 in. long. Flower heads dense, small, terminal, or the axillary heads peduncled; bracts lin.-oblong, hairy; sepals 5, small; cor. rose-purple to white, ¾ in. long, 2-lipped, lips unusually broad; 1 anther cell above the other.
Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
688 =Peristrophe bicalyculata= _Nees._ HERSHA (White Nile) & NA’ANA’A (N. Kordn.)—Arab.
Tall, glabrous or hispid herb, branches 4-7 angular. Leaves elliptic- lanceolate, up to 4 in. long. Panicles often 12-18 in. long, very lax, much divided, spikelets with 1 perfect fl.; bracts 2, enclosing the calyx and ⅓ in. long; bracteoles 2, calyx small; cor. pale-purple, ½ in. long, 2-lipped; st. 2, 1 anther cell above the other. Caps. ⅓ in. long; seeds 4, smooth or papillose.
Red Sea Prov. (21° N. Lat.); Khartoum Prov.; Blue Nile Prov. (Rufaa); Fung Prov.; White Nile Prov. (Jebel Arashkol); Kordofan Prov. (Hilla Nu, Bara, etc.); Mongalla Prov.
The Plant, macerated in water, is said to be a useful remedy for snake- bite.
=P. luteoviridis= _C. B. Clarke._
Stout yellow-green herb. Leaves oblong-lanceolate, nearly 4 in. long, narrowed both ends. Fl. clustered in dense spikes 3 in. long; spikelets 1-flowered; bracts and bractlets ½ in. long; calyx ⅓ in. long; cor. rose, purple spotted, 1 in. long, 2-lipped; st. 2, anther cells nearly at equal height. Caps. ¾ in. long; seeds 4, smooth, discoid.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Dar Fertit: Deim Bekir & Niamniam-land).
689 =Hypoestes cancellata= _Nees._ MAHALAB (Baggara)—Arab; EMBEILU (Kadugli)—Nuba.
More or less hairy herb; stems 2 ft. high, bent at the joints. Leaves oblong, up to 2 in. long. Heads mainly terminal, 1½ in. long, in dense congested panicles, yellow, hispid; spikeless 1-flowered; bracts ½ in. long, including a linear tail; cor. red ¾ in. long, 2-lipped. Caps. ¼ in. long; seeds 4, tubercled.
Nuba Mts. Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo: Addai).
=H. strobilifera= _S. Moore._
Pubescent herb, 1-2 ft. high. Leaves lin.-oblong, 5½ in. long. Heads terminal, 1 in. long, densely strobilate; outer floral leaves spathulate-obovate, with 1-3 spikelets under each; bracts 1/5 in.; sep. small; cor. pale-lilac, ⅔ in. long, deeply 2-lipped; st. 2; anthers 1-celled, blunt. Caps. ⅓ in.; seeds 4, tubercled.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo: Addai).
=H. Forskalei= _R. Br._
Nearly glabrous undershrub. Leaves elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, 2 in. long. Infl. axillary, forming a terminal panicle; spikelets in unilateral cymes, 1½ in. long; 2 outer bracts connate; cor. mauve with purple spots in throat, ½ in. long, deeply 2-lipped, upper lip and central lobe of lower curled back; st. 2, abruptly club-shaped, filaments with purple hairs. Caps. ¼ in. long; seeds 2, smooth.
Kordofan Prov. (Abu Hefe); Darfur Prov. (J. Marra & over 6,500 ft.).
=H. verticillaris= _R. Br._ ABU FAS (Meshra El Zeraf)—Arab.
Stem with long and gland-tipped hairs mixed. Leaves ovate, sharply narrowed to both ends, ab. 3 in. long. Bracts fringed with white hairs, otherwise as above.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Matamma); Fung Prov. (Roseires); White Nile, Kordofan & Mongalla Provinces.
The roots are used at Meshra El Zeraf for dyeing mats.
=VERBENACEÆ.=
690 =Lantana viburnoides= _Vahl._
Erect hairy shrub. Leaves opp., ovate, 3-4 in. long, crenate. Spikes dense, axillary, up to 1½ in. long; bracts ovate, up to ¼ in. long; calyx 5-toothed, campanulate, small; cor. white, 5-lobed, ⅙ in. long. Drupe fleshy, purple, size of a pea.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas); Mongalla Prov. (Mongalla).
=L. salvifolia= _Jacq._
Hairy shrub. Leaves opp., ovate, 1-2 in. long, crenate. Spikes globose to oblong, 1 in. long; bracts ovate, ¼ in. long; cor. lilac or pink, ⅓ in. long; limb patent ⅙ in. diam.; st. 4, didynamous. Drupe purple, edible.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin, Has Has & Khor Tamanib); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).
=L. petitiana= _Rich._
Hispid undershrub. Leaves opp., ovate, ½ in. long, crenate. Heads globose, ⅓ in. diam.; bracts ovate, ⅙ in. long; cor. lilac, tube ⅙ in. long, limb small, 5-lobed; st. and drupe as above.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas & Niamniam-land: Nabambisso River).
691 =Lippia nodiflora= _Rich._ LIBBIA—Arab.
Trailing herb, rooting at the nodes. Leaves opp. or fascicled, obovate, dentate in upper half. Spikes globose to oblong, ¼ in. diam.; bracts small; cor. small, purplish.
Red Sea Prov. (coast); Khartoum & Blue Nile Provinces.
Suited for an edging plant in gardens and used for lawns.
=L. Radula= _Baker._
Woolly herb, 3-4 ft. high. Leaves ternate, oblong, up to 4 in. long, sessile, crenate. Heads oblong, ½ in. long, several together in a terminal panicle; bracts imbricate, orbicular, ⅙ in. diam.; cor. length of bract, 4-lobed; st. 4.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land: Sabbi River).
=L. adoensis= _Hochst._
Erect, shortly pubescent undershrub, 5-7 ft. high. Leaves 2-4 or more- whorled, oblong, up to 5 in. long. Heads globose forming a terminal panicle; bracts ovate; cor. 4-lobed, minute, white; st. 4.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo-land); Bahr El Jebel (Upper).
=L. citriodora= _H.B._ & _K._ LUWEIS—Arab.
Introduced (Makwar); Blue Nile Prov.
692 =Bouchea pterygocarpa= _Schauer._
White pubescent undershrub. Leaves opp., ovate, 1½ in. long. Spikes 6-9 in. long, terminal; fl. in axil of a bract, appressed to rachis; cor. scarlet, tube ½ in. long; limb patent, lobes 5, st. 4, didynamous. Caps. winged at apex.
Nubia; Blue Nile Prov. (near Jebel Saggadi); Kordofan Prov. (Jebel Kuhn, Melbes).
=B. marrubiifolia= _Schauer._ DANABĀN or ERG EL BUGR (N. Kordn.)—Arab.
White pubescent, branched herb, much like above. Cor. white; capsule not winged.
Nubia (between Suakin & Berber, Okurr, Wadi Abu Kotod); Red Sea Prov. (Suakin, Khor Tamanib); Kordofan Prov. (Abu Gerad, Wadi Taiara, Um Marba & Um Dam).
693 =Stachytarpheta angustifolia= _Vahl._ ABONGANDUR (Meshra El Zeraf)—Arab; ADELFUR (Meshra El Zeraf)—Dinka; DELPA (Meshra El Zeraf)—Shilluk.
Bushy herb with 4-angled stems. Leaves opp., oblong-lanceolate, 2-3 in. long, deeply crenate. Spikes very slender, 6-9 in. long; rachis hollowed to receive appressed flowers; bracts ⅓ in. long; calyx as long, 5-toothed and ribbed; cor. lilac, ⅔ in. long; limb patent, 5-lobed; st. 2. Fr. cylindrical, ¼ in. long.
Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf to Sobat Mouth); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Shambe).
The roots are used by Arabs as collyrium.
694 =Priva leptostachya= _Juss._
Bushy hairy herb; stems 4-angled. Leaves opp., ovate, 1-3 in. long, crenate; spikes 6-12 in. long; fl. lax on a square rachis; bracts small; calyx ¼ in. long enlarging in fruit; cor. ½ in. long, white, limb ¼ in. diam., 2-lipped, white; st. 4, didynamous. Fr. enclosed in enlarged calyx; nutlets 2.
Nubia (between Suakin & Berber, Wadi El Omari); Red Sea Prov. (Suakin, Jebel Waratab).
695 =Verbena supina= _Linn._ MORREYA (Ehrenb.)—Arab.
Densely pubescent annual. Leaves opp., bipinnatifid, deltoid. Spikes dense; bracts and calyx minute; cor. lilac, tube ⅙ in. long, limb patent, 5-lobed, 1/12 in. diam.; st. 4, didynamous. Caps. minute.
Nubia; Khartoum Prov.; Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); Kordofan Prov. (Sodari); Darfur Prov.
=V. officinalis= _Linn._
Glabrous perennial. Leaves rhomboid-ovate, deeply pinnatifid. Spikes lax in a terminal panicle. Fl. as above; cor. limb ⅙ in. diam.
Fung Prov.
The leaves are considered a febrifuge and tonic and are said to be used as a rubefacient in rheumatism and diseases of the joints. The root is believed to be a remedy for scrofula and snake-bite.