Part 31
Branched annual, 2-3 ft. high; branches pubescent. Leaves thin, oblong, crenate, hairy up to 3 in. long. Whorls dense, distant, bracts large, subulate; calyx ⅙-¼ in. long, hairy, throat oblique, teeth unequal, subulate; cor. small, deciduous.
Red Sea Prov. (Khor Tamanib & Has Has); Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Matamma); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Kordofan Prov. (Obeid); Darfur Prov. (Zalingei & J. Marra: Niurnya 6,500 ft.); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas).
=L. neuflizeana= _Courb._
Densely hairy herb, 6-12 in. high. Leaves sessile, oblong-lanceolate, up to 2 in. long, crenate, whorls 8-12 flowered, lower ones distant, upper close together; calyx ¼ in. long, throat oblique, ribs and teeth 8-10; cor. lip small.
Red Sea Prov. (21° N.L.).
=L. Schweinfurthii= _Gürke._
White-hairy herb. Leaves sessile, oblong, ab. 1 in. long, loosely dentate in upper half. Whorls few-flowered, many, distant; calyx ⅓ in. long; throat oblique, teeth 8-10, minute.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: on Baginse hills).
=L. urticæfolia= _Benth._ UM GALŌT—Arab.
Hairy annual, 6-24 in. high. Leaves ovate, 1-2 in. long, crenate. Whorls distant, globose, many-flowered, ¾ in. diam.; bracts large, linear, ciliate; fr. calyx ⅓ in. long, oblique, teeth 8-10; cor. tube naked, lips small.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin, 21° N.L.); Central Sudan (Gezira).
722 =Leonitis pallida= _Benth._ KUSHU-KUSHU, FAKI BALADAWAYA (Meshra El Zeraf), ABUTIFA & UMDAREIWA (Baggara)—Arab; KOPTUNINDEIR (Dilling) & KANDINUWINDI (J. Ghulfan)—Nuba.
Tall, hairy herb. Leaves ovate, up to 4 in. long, crenate. Fl. in globose heads, 2-2½ in. diam., spaced along the stem; bracts lanceolate, spine-tipped; calyx tube ⅓ in. long, 8-10 ribbed and toothed, teeth spine-tipped, uppermost largest; cor. pale-yellow; st. 4.
Nubia (between Korosko & Berber); Kassala Prov. (Gallabat, Mattama); Fung Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Nuba Mts. Prov. (Dilling & J. Ghulfan); Darfur Prov.; Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo: Dukuttu).
The ashes are said to be used for tumours on the head.
=L. nepetæfolia= _R. Br._
Pubescent herb, 4-5 ft. high. Leaves ovate, up to 4 in. long, crenate. Fl. arranged as above; bracts large, linear, stiff; calyx ¼ in. long, larger in fruit, upper tooth largest, mucronate; cor. deep yellow, tube ½ in. and upper lip ½ in. long, the lower 3-lobed, deflexed.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).
=L. velutina= _Fenzl._ KUSHU-KUSHU—Arab.
Tall, finely hairy perennial. Leaves ovate, crenate, very hairy beneath. Heads (whorls) very dense, 3 in. diam.; bracts small, linear; calyx hairy, teeth deltoid, upper largest; cor. bright yellow, 1 in. long, upper lip up to ½ in. long.
Fung Prov. (Roseires); Æthiopia; Kordofan Prov. (Obeid).
723 =Tinnea æthiopica= _Kotschy_ & _Peyr._
Shrub, 3-5 ft. high. Leaves subsessile, oblong, up to 2 in. long. Whorls laxly disposed, 2-flowered; bracts oblong, green, as long as the flowers; calyx ⅓ in. enlarging to 1 in., bladder-shaped; cor. maroon, 2-lipped, upper short, orbicular, lower deflexed, 3-lobed, ⅙ in. long; st. 4; seeds winged.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur, Bongo: Mvolo, Dar Fertit below Pongo River & Biselli, Niamniam-land).
724 =Teucrium nummularifolium= _Baker._ EIGAB—Hadendowa.
Woolly herb with obovate coarsely crenate leaves about ⅓ in. long. Calyx woolly pilose, the lobes more or less subulate. Corolla purple.
Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit).
725 =Ajuga bracteosa= _Wall._
Hairy perennial. Leaves oblanceolate, coarsely dentate, sessile. Whorls axillary 2- or many-flowered; calyx ⅙ in. long, 10-ribbed, teeth 5, equal; cor. blue, ⅓ in. long, upper lip short, lower longer, 3-lobed, deflexed; st. 4, slightly exserted.
Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf).
=MONOCOTYLEDONS=
=ALISMATACEÆ.=
726 =Alisma Plantago= _Linn._
Perennial marsh herb. Leaves radical, long petioled, lanceolate, ovate or cordate, 3-7 nerved, 2-8 in. long. Fl. in verticillate panicles; scapes solitary or many, 1-2 ft. high; fl. ab. 8 to each verticil. Sep. 3, persistent; pet. 3, white; sta. 6; carpels 15-20, compressed, forming a ring round the axis of the fl., verrucose; style aristate.
Kordofan Prov. (Rahad).
727 =Caldenia reniformis= _Makino._
Marsh herb. Leaves broadly ovate, cordate, 1-4 in. long, 7-15 nerved, marked with pellucid lines; pet. up to 20 in. long. Scape 20-40 in. high, panicled above; fl. 3 in each verticil. Sep. broad ovate, after flowering erect and sheathing the fruit; pet. white; carpels 9-12 scarcely compressed, smooth; style aristate.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas).
728 =Limnophyton obtusifolium= _Miq._
Perennial marsh herb. Leaves radical; pet. long; blade sagittate; sinus broad; terminal lobe 2-7 in. long, nerves 7-11, radiating from apex of pet. and somewhat converging. Scapes 1 or more; fl. in verticils arranged in a panicle, 4-15 to a whorl, upper male, the lower hermaphrodite mixed with a few male. Sep. 3, reflexed after flowering; pet. 3, white; sta. 6, those of the male fl. larger; carpels 15-20 in 2-4 whorls; achenes obovoid in a globose head.
Blue Nile Prov. (Sennar); White Nile Prov. (Goz Abu Guma & J. Arashkol); Kordofan Prov. (Birkat Rahad); Darfur Prov. (Zalingei 3,100 ft.); Mongalla Prov. (Abu Kuka to Gondokoro).
729 =Lophotocarpus guyanensis= _Durand_ & _Schinz._
Marsh herb. Leaves with milky juice, radical, floating, ovate-cordate, 2 in. long; pet. varying in length with depth of water. Scape bearing few- flowered whorls near the apex, lower hermaphr., upper hermaphr. and male. Sep. 3, distinct, sheathing in fr.; pet. 3, cuneate, fugacious; sta. 6-10 in male fl., 9-12 in others, anthers elongate, sagittate; carpels numerous; achenes compressed laterally, dense on a convex receptacle.
Kordofan Prov. (Taiara).
730 =Echinodorus humilis= _Buchen._
Small marsh herb with a tuft of brown roots. Leaves radical; pet. slender, usually 1-1½ in. long; blade ovate or ovate-lanc., ab. 1 in. long, acute at both ends. Scapes shorter than leaves, 1-flowered. Sep. 3, persistent; pet. 3, white; sta. 6-9; achenes much compressed, many in a subglobose or ovoid head.
White Nile Prov. (banks of the River: Tawila, Kosti (Khors), Abba Island & near J. Nyemati).
731 =Burnatia enneandra= _Micheli._
Marsh herb. Leaves radical; pet. 5-16 in. long; blade lin. to lanc., 5-8 in. long. Scape longer than leaves; infl. diœcious; panicles verticillately branched; male pan. 12-16 in. long, fem. 8-10. Male fl.: sep. 3; pet. 3, small: sta. 9; rudimentary carpels 12. Fem. fl.: sep. 3; pet. 0; sta. 0, or 1-2 imperfect; carpels ab. 12 crowded on small receptacle, compressed.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post), White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas).
732 =Wisneria Schweinfurthii= _Hook. f._
Marsh herb. Leaves radical; pet. sheathing at base, 9 in. long; blade oblong or oblanc., up to 6 in. long. Scape as long as leaves, bracts united into truncate membranous campanulate sheaths; male fl. in upper part of scape, fem. below. Male fl.: sep. 3; sta. 3; fem. fl.: sep. 3; carpels 3-6 ovoid. Pet. 0.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo: Gir; Jur: Jur Ghattas).
=BUTOMACEÆ.=
733 =Butomopsis lanceolata= _Kunth._
Marsh herb with milky juice. Leaves radical; pet. up to 10 in.; blade ovate, tapering into pet., up to 4 in. long. Scape longer than leaves, in umbellate ab. 6-flowered cyme; pedicels up to 4 in. long in fruit. Fl. hermaphr.; sep. 3; pet. 3, white, fugacious; sta. 9 or fewer; carpels usually six, follicled in fr.
White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol & Um Kinein).
=APONOGETONACEÆ.=
734 =Aponogeton subconjugatus= _Schumacher_ & _Thonn._
Submerged water plant. Leaves long-stalked, elongate-oblong, often speckled brown, blade 5-12 in. long. Scape bearing a bifid spike which is ab. 1½ in. long; young flowers enclosed in a glove-finger-like sheath, separating from the base. Fl. hermaphr.; sep. 1-3; sta. 6; carpels 3-5, usually 4.
Mongalla Prov. (Bor).
=A. vallisnerioides= _Baker._
Submerged plant, densely tufted. Leaves sessile, strap-shaped, 3-4 in. long. Spikes simple, dense flowered, sheathed as above.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Kutshuk Ali’s Zariba & Jur Ghattas; Bongo: Gir & Dumuku).
=POTAMOGETONACEÆ.=
735 =Potamogeton Schweinfurthii= _Arth. Bennett._
Submerged plant; stems ab. 2 ft. long, branched. Lower leaves lin.-lanc., acute, 3-4 in. long, 5-nerved; middle leaves lanc., 11-nerved, ab. 3 in. long; upper leaves floating, lanceolate to lanc.-ovate, 10-13 nerved, 2-3 in. long; pet. 2-3½ in. long; stip. 1-2 in. long. Ped. axillary, 4-6 in. long, base enclosed in a membranous spathe; spike 1-2 in. long, dense. Per. segm. 4, green; anthers 4, sessile; carpels 4, 1-celled; fr. sharply 3-keeled.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (main river: Nuer villages, mouth of Bahr El Arab).
=P. javanicus= _Hassk._
Submerged plant; stems slender, branched. Submerged leaves narrow-lin., 2-3 in. long; floating leaves lanceolate, ½ in. or more, long petioled; lower stip. connate, upper free. Ped. axillary; spikes ¼-¾ in. long. Fr. 2-keeled.
White Nile Prov. (Jebelein, Goz Abu Gum’a); Bahr El Jebel (Sudd); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Mouth of Bahr El Arab; Niamniam-land: River Rei, Gumango Hill).
=P. crispus= _Linn._
Stem compressed, slender, branched. Leaves all one shape, semi- amplexicaul, obl. or obl.-strap-shaped, undulate, serrulate; stip. small. Ped. in forks of the stem, stoutish; spike large lax-flowered. Fr. obliquely ovoid with long curved beak.
Nubia; Khartoum Prov. (in White Nile); Blue Nile Prov. (Sennar); Kordofan Prov.
=P. pusillus= _Linn._
Stem slender, branched. Leaves all similar, semi-amplexicaul, narrow- lin., acumin. or acute; stip. small, acute. Ped. slender; spike few- flowered, ¼-½ in. long. Fr. semi-oval or obovoid, bluntly 3-keeled.
Darfur Prov. (J. Marra: below Niurnya 5,500 ft.).
=P. lucens= _Linn._
Stem stout, branched. Leaves all submerged, the lower lin.-lanc. to lanc., the lowest sessile, petioled above, the pet. gradually lengthening to ab. 1 in.; upper leaves lanc. to ovate; stip. long, beaked or winged. Ped. 2-9 in. long, stout; spikes ab. 2 in. long, dense. Fr. slightly acumin., slightly convex on ventral and semicircular on dorsal margin.
Bahr El Jebel (2° N.L.).
=NAIADACEÆ.=
736 =Naias graminea= _Del._
Submerged plant; stems up to 2 ft. long, slender, rooting at lower nodes. Leaves sometimes in clusters at the nodes, linear, closely serrate and with an auricled serrate sheath. Infl. monœcious, axillary, male and fem. side by side or fem. only, all without spathes. Male fl. solitary; per. ending above anther in ear-like lobes; anther 1, subsessile; fem. fl. 1-4, consisting of a single ovary, sessile, with 2 stigmas. Fr. lin.-obl.
White Nile Prov. (Um Kinein near J. Arashkol); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Kutshuk Ali’s Zariba).
=N. Schweinfurthii= _Magnus._
Small water plant with spreading branches. Leaves thin, slender, with ab. 12 marginal teeth, ending in a brown spine; sheaths with short, obtuse auricles. Infl. monœcious; male spathe oblong; anther 1-celled. Fem. spathe oval-oblong, produced into a neck round the long style.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas).
=N. horrida= _A. Br._
Water plant; stems long, short branched; inter-nodes short. Leaves falcate with spinulose teeth; sheaths rounded, toothed; male flower only with spathe; anther 4-celled.
Fung Prov. (Fazoghli); White Nile Prov. (Goz Abu Gum’a); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (mouth of Jur River, etc.).
737 =Cymodocea rotundata= _Aschers._ & _Schweinfth._
Submerged marine plant; rhizome thick, creeping; branches short, terminated by narrow-linear leaves with stipular sheaths, denticulate upwards, 9-13 nerved. Infl. monœcious, axillary. Male fl. long peduncled, longer than leaves; per. 0; anthers 2, connate, stipitate. Fem. fl. carpels 2, subovoid, strongly keeled, acute, dentate.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin & Dongonab).
=C. serrulata= _Aschers._ & _Magnus._
Leaves almost straight, 4-6 in. long and up to ⅓ in. broad; tip entire or denticulate; nerves ab. 7 pairs; sheaths as broad as the blade.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin & Dongonab).
=C. ciliata= _Ehrenb._
Stem 3-12 in. long, woody, branched, marked with annular scars. Leaves lin.-falcate, 3-6 in. long, ½-⅔ in. broad, tip rounded, ciliate- serrulate.
Red Sea Prov. (Abu Hamir near Dongonab).
=C. isoëtifolia= _Aschers._
Stem short, filiform. Leaves terete, grooved, 3-5 in. long, slender; tip. 3-toothed. Fl. in dichotomous cymes.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin northwards).
=C. sp.=
Leaves broad-linear; stipular sheaths transparent, chartaceous.
Red Sea Prov. (Dongonab).
=TYPHACEÆ.=
738 =Typha angustata= _Bory_ & _Chaub._ BURDI & DIS—Arab.
Marsh or aquatic herb. Leaves alt., strap-shaped, ⅙-½ in. broad. Flowering stem erect, terminated by a dense, felt-like cylindrical spike, interrupted at or below the middle by a naked space, ¼-1 in. long, the upper spike being male and the lower female. Male fl.: sta. 3; filam. connate; fem. fl. mingled with bracteoles, clavate or spathulate much longer than surrounding hairs.
Nubia; Blue Nile, White Nile & Kordofan Provinces.
=T. angustifolia= _Linn._
Marsh herb, 5-6 ft. high. Leaves linear, ⅓-⅓ in. broad. Male portion of spike longer than and ¼-1½ in. distant from fem. portion of spike. Male fl. with forked, acute, or entire spathulate bracteoles. Fem. fl. with orbicular-spathulate, obovate or obcordate bracteoles about as long as the surrounding hairs.
Red Sea Prov. (24 miles West of Suakin).
The fibrous leaves are used for matting, ropes, baskets and also for paper-making.
=T. australis= _Schum._ & _Thonn._
Leaves linear or strap-shaped, ¼-½ in. broad. Male and fem. portions of spike subequal, contiguous to 1 in. distant. Male bracteoles variously shaped, entire or 2-3 forked. Fem. bracteoles as long as, or slightly longer than hairs and lanceolate-spathulate, sometimes fusiform-clavate, acute or acuminate.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov.; Bahr El Jebel (Sudd).
=ARACEÆ.=
739 =Pistia Stratiotes= _Linn._ EL TŪBBUR (Kordn.)—Arab; KOF—Nuer; PANGBADUPER—Zande. The Water-Lettuce.
Gregarious, floating, stemless, monœcious herb, with tufted root-fibres. Leaves sessile in a rosette forming a cup; nerves radiating from base. Spathe small with spadix adnate to back of its short tube. Male infl. a whorl of 2-8 connate anthers near top of spadix. Fem. fl. of a single ovary, apparently arising from back of the spathe.
Fung Prov. (Fazoghli & Jongol’s Post); White Nile & affluents.
A decoction or infusion of this plant is considered as cooling and demulcent. The leaves are made into poultices for piles. The root is laxative and emollient. The ashes are applied to ring-worm of the scalp. The plant is eaten in time of famine.
740 =Sauromatum nubicum= _Schott._
Herb with depressed globose rootstock; flowers and leaf not appearing together. Leaf solitary, pedatisect: pet. 12-18 in. long, glabrous; segments of blade 7, broadly lanc., acumin., middle segm. longest, ab. 9 in.; veins subparallel uniting into an intramarginal vein. Ped. 2-6 in. long; spathe tube ab. 2 in. long, blackish-purple within, limb 8-10 in. long, spotted; spadix 8-9 in. long, male and fem. spikes ab. 1½ in. apart; neuter organs placed just above fem. spike; terminal appendix of spadix 7-8 in. long, purple-brown.
Fung Prov. (Fazoghli).
741 =Stylochiton near S. gabonicus= _N.E. Br._
Herb with 1 oval, cordate leaf; flowers not seen.
Mongalla Prov. (Maleik).
=S. lancifolius= _Kotschy_ & _Peyr._
Herb; leaves appearing before the flowers, elliptic-oblong or lanc., 3-4 in. long, rounded at base; pet. 2½-4 in. long, appearing out of the ground. Ped. ½-¾ in. long; spathe ab. 2 in. long, tube underground; spadix 1½ in. long. Fem. fl. 5 in a single ring, furnished with an urceolate minute per.; male fl. distant on spadix from fem. fl.; appendix 0.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: River Dimbo, Abu Gurun’s Zariba, River Jur, Jur Ghattas & Kutshuk Ali’s Zariba; Bongo: Lessi River; Niamniam-land: Makporru Hill).
742 =Amorphophallus Schweinfurthii= _N.E. Br._ GANDAH (White Nile)—Arab.
Herb with 1 long-stalked leaf divided into 3 main segments which are again much subdivided, of a diam. up to 2 ft., not appearing with flowers. Ped. 4-6 in. long; spathe dark purple; tube 2 in. long, pale in the throat; limb 4 in. long with a pointed, curved hood. Spadix shorter than spathe with a 2 in. long purple cylindric appendix; male and fem. fl. in denser rings covering 2 in. of spadix; per. 0.
Upper White Nile Prov. (Kaka); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas; Niamniam-land: Makporru Hill); Bahr El Jebel.
It is said to be eaten as a pot-herb when young.
=A. cf. A. Schweinfurthii= _N.E. Br._
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post).
=A. maculatus= _N.E. Br._
Tall herb with 1 palmati-tripartite leaf, with numerous subdivisions, 2½ ft. in diam.; pet. 2½ in. long, spotted olive green; ped. not produced with the leaf, 2 ft. long, spotted; spathe convolute below; tube 5 in. long, spotted grey, hairy inside; limb 8 in. long, ovate, red-veined. Spadix with fem. fl covering 2 in., male fl. 1 in.; appendix 16 in. long, cylindric, violet.
Mongalla Prov. (Sheikh Tombé).
=A. sp.=
Much like above but leaf segments much narrower. Fl. not seen.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Shambé); Mongalla Prov. (Kenissa).
743 =Anchomanes dubius= _Schott._
Herb with solitary pinnati-tripartite, much divided leaf, 2-3 ft. diam., appearing after the flowers, armed on pet. and nerves with prickles; pet. 3-5 ft. long, white spotted. Ped. up to ab. 3 ft. long, prickly, with 1 in. white spots; spathe 6-12 in. long, boat-shaped, convolute at base, pale purple. Spadix sessile, 4-8 in. long, without appendix; fem. part 1 in. long, purple, remainder male. Per. 0.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Geneina & Jur Ghattas).
744 =Colocasia Antiquorum= _Schott._ KOLOKASS—Arab; MANZI—Zande.
Tuberous rooted herb, with large stoutly petioled, peltate, ovate- cordate, sagittate leaves. Originally introduced from Asia.
Fung Prov.; Kordofan Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land).
Cultivated for its tuber, but all parts are utilised after being well boiled to separate the acrid matter common to most aroids.
745 =Culcasia scandens= _P. Beauv._
Slender climber. Leaves lanc. to elliptic, 3-7 in. long, gland-dotted; pet. 1-3 in. long, sheathing. Ped. 1-4 at ends of branches, up to 3 in. long; spathe ab. 1½ in. long, convolute, hooded. Spadix ab. 2 in. long; fem. part ½ in. long, male 1-1¼ in.; appendix 0; per. 0.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Bongo: River Mokloio near Dukuttu; Jur: Geneina & Jur Ghattas); Mongalla Prov. (Lado: Doka’s).
=HYDROCHARITACEÆ.=
746 =Hydrilla verticillata= _Royle._ =var. brevifolia= _Casp._
Diœcious aquatic herb; stems elongate, branched. Leaves in verticils of 4 ovate or ovate-oblong, dentate, ab. ¼ in. long; lower leaves much shorter than internodes. Male spathe 1-flowered, axillary, solitary; perianth double of 3 segments each, outer ovate, inner linear; sta. 3. Fem. spathe tubular 2-dentate; per. segments 6, narrower than male; ovary exserted beyond the spathe, long-beaked; styles 3.
Bahr El Jebel (2° N.L.).
747 =Lagarosiphon Schweinfurthii= _Casp._
Aquatic herb. Leaves alt., lin.-lanceolate, ½ in. long, minutely toothed. Male spathes many-flowered; per. 2-seriate; sta. 3; staminodes often 2-3. Fem. spathe narrowly oblong, 1-flowered, with 1-3 teeth on either side; styles 3.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur & Bongo lands).
=L. cordofanus= _Casp._
Leaves scattered, ½-1 in. long, linear. Male spathe sub-globose, 2-fid, 6-8 flowered. Fem. spathe axillary tubular, 2-fid.
White Nile Prov. (J. Arashkol).
748 =Vallisneria spiralis= _Linn._
Submerged aquatic herb with very short stem and strap-shaped leaves, 4-18 in. long, minutely-toothed. Male spathes axillary on 1-2 in. long stalks, many-flowered; fl. trimerous, detaching themselves when fertile (as also in foregoing genera) and floating to the surface to fertilise the fem. fl. Fem. spathe tubular on long stalk rising to the surface, but withdrawing itself into the mud by spiral contraction after fertilization; stigma 3-lobed, hairy above.
White Nile Prov. (12° 10′ L.N. & Goz Abu Gum’a); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (main River); Bahr El Jebel.
=V. æthiopica= _Fenzl._
Much like above, but leaves under 3 in. long.
White Nile Prov. (14° 30′ L.N. & J. Nyemati); Fung Prov.
749 =Ottelia alismoides= _Pers._
Aquatic herb with very short stem. Leaves with long 3-angled pet., broadly cordate, 4-6 in. wide, 7-11 nerved Fl. hermaphr., solitary; ped. 6-12 in. long, at length spirally contracted; spathe 3-6 toothed and winged, adnate to ovary; outer per. segm. 3, oblong, ½ in. long, inner segm. 3 petaloid, white, 1 in. long; sta. 6-10; styles 6, bifid; ovary 6-celled.
White Nile Prov. (Tawila); Kordofan Prov.
=O. lancifolia= _A. Rich._
Leaves radical, lanceolate, tapering into the pet., which is subamplexicaul at the base. Spathe bifid; inner per. lobes yellow.
White Nile Prov. (Tawila); Darfur Prov. (J. Marra, Middle Gindi basin, 4,900 ft.); Bahr El Ghazal Prov.
The seeds are pounded into meal by Nuers, and eaten.
=O. ulvæfolia= _Buch._
Leaves attenuate at both ends, 7-nerved, 1½ in. broad. Spathe winged, obtusely 6-angled; inner per. lobes bright yellow, 1 in. long.
White Nile Prov. (Salati); Bahr El Jebel (Sudd).
=O. near O. ulvæfolia= _Buch._
Submerged leaves narrowly linear-oblanceolate, up to 1 ft. long. Spathes 1¾ in. long, smooth. Flowers yellow.
White Nile Prov. (Tawila).
750 =Boottia scabra= _Benth._ & _Hook. f._
Leaves submerged, thin, oblanceolate, 1½-2 ft. long, 2½ in. wide; petiole 1 ft. long, expanded at the base into an amplexicaul base. Spathe 3½ in. long, unisexual, rugose, toothed. Petals yellow or cream coloured.
White Nile Prov.; Bahr El Ghazal Prov.; Bahr El Jebel (Sudd).
=B. abyssinica= _Ridl._
As above, but spathe smooth, and only 2 in. long.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur Ghattas & Main River); Mongalla Prov. (Kagulu Khor, Yei River); Bahr El Jebel (Madi).
751 =Thalassia Hemprichii= _Ehrb._
Submerged marine plant. Leaves fascicled at intervals, linear, 6 in. long. Infl. diœcious; male spathes solitary, 2-leaved; per. 3-lobed; sta. 6. Fem. fl. at length stalked; ovary long-beaked. Fruit globose.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin & Arakea).
752 =Halophila ovata= _Gaud._
Submerged marine herb, just above low-water mark. Leaves 2 from each node, ovate, 1 in. long; pet. 1 in. long. Male fl. solitary; per. 3-lobed; sta. 3. Fem. fl. sessile in the spathe; per. segm. 3, minute; styles 3; ovary beaked.
Red Sea Prov. (Suakin).
=H. stipulacea= _Aschers._
Leaves linear, 2 in. long; pet. ¼ in. Much as above.
Red Sea Prov. (Dongonab).
=LEMNACEÆ.=
753 =Lemna polyrhiza= _Linn._
Duckweed, the floating front bearing several roots.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Meshra El Rek).
It has been suggested that this plant might be utilised in anti-mosquito work, as pools covered with it never contain larvae of the Culicidae.
=L. paucicostata= _Hegelmeier._
The floating frond nearly ⅓ in. long, bearing 1 root.
Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); White Nile Prov. (J. Nyemati); Kordofan Prov. (Fula Habsha); Darfur Prov. (J. Marra: Abwo stream 8,200 ft.); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Kutshuk Ali’s Zariba); Mouth of Bahr El Jebel.
=L. æquinoctialis= _Welw._
Floating frond minute with a keel above, bearing 1 root.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: Makporru Hill & Nganye near the River Ibba).
754 =Wolffia Delilii= _Schleid._
Duckweed; frond minute, rootless.
Kordofan Prov. (Bara); Darfur Prov. (Suruj District: J. Barkin).
=LILIACEÆ.=
755 =Smilax kraussiana= _Meisn._
Climbing shrub with prickly stem. Leaves oblong or orbicular, 5-6 in. long with 3 basal nerves and 2 stipular tendrils from base of petiole. Infl. diœcious in short-peduncled, many-flowered axillary umbels. Per. segm. 6; male fl.: sta. 6; filam. short; fem. fl.: staminodes 6 or fewer; ovary 3-celled, superior as in all this Order. Berry size of a pea.
Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Niamniam-land: River Buddu); Mongalla Prov. (Yei River).
756 =Asparagus Pauli-Guilelmi= _Solms._ DALADE & DILEH—Golo.
Erect undershr., 4-5 ft. high. Leaves minute, scale-like, with a hooked prickle at the bases, bearing in their axils 1-5 narrow, linear pointed leaf-like branchlets (cladodes), ¼ in. long. Fl. axillary solitary or paired; per. white, minute, 6-partite; sta. 6; style short, stigmas 3; berry size of a pea.
Nubia; Kordofan Prov. (Agari); Upper White Nile Prov. (Renk); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Jur: Jur Ghattas, Jur River & Wau, Dinka country, Ghabat El Arab, Rek District); Bahr El Jebel.
=A. Schweinfurthii= _Baker._
Prickly shrub. Cladodes in fascicles of 3-6, ¾-1¼ in. long. Fl. in axillary pairs.
Kassala Prov. (Gallabat: on the banks of the River Gendua).
=A. asiaticus= _Linn._
Prickly climbing shrub. Cladodes 6-15 in a cluster, ½ in. long, stout. Fl. several in axillary clusters.
Nubia; Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit); Darfur Prov. (Kulme 3,600 ft.).
=A. africanus= _Lam._ DAHUAB—Hadendowa; UM MUSHBUT & MESHEIT (Meshra El Zeraf)—Arab; GAGALI—Bari; BUT—Dinka; TIANKA—Burun.
Tall, prickly shrub. Cladodes densely fascicled, stout, ½-1 in. long. Fl. umbellate from sides and tips of branchlets.
Red Sea Prov. (Erkowit); Fung Prov. (Jongol’s Post); Kordofan Prov. (Mulbeis); Darfur Prov. (J. Murra: Niurnya 6,500 ft.); Upper White Nile Prov. (Meshra El Zeraf to mouth of Sobat River); Bahr El Ghazal Prov. (Meshra El Rek, Jur Ghattas); Bahr El Jebel.
=A. racemosus= _Willd._ DAYOK (Fung) & BEKHEISET—Arab; CHII—Golo; BARAKURI—Zande.
Rambling and scandent, prickly undershr. Cladodes 2-6 in a cluster, ½-¾ in. long. Racemes solitary or fascicled, 1-2 in. long.
Red Sea Prov. (Port Sudan, Suakin: 19° 30′ N.L.); Fung Prov. Sherif; Kordofan Prov.; Sobat River; Bahr El Ghazal Prov.; Bahr El Jebel.
The fruit is eaten by the Golos. The root is used as a demulcent, diuretic, anti-dysenteric, etc., also as a demulcent in veterinary medicine.
757 =Sanseviera Ehrenbergii= _Schweinfth._ TUMBAT—Hadendowa.