Part 40

_A good thing_, harret ulāgen.

[Note: _Yūlāgen_, good, handsome, is participial; allied, I think, to _yūlehe_, it suits, it is like; in Kab., _elhū_, be thou good; with Venture, _ilha_, he was handsome or good.]

41. _Stand up!_ ebde [so _Kab._ and _Arab._].

_I halt, stand still_, ebdĕdagh.

_Rise!_ enker [so _Shilha_].

_I rise_, enkĕragh.

_A rising_, tennakrat.

_Sit down_, akīm [agīm, aghīm, _Kab._]

_I sit down, remain_, ekēmagh.

_We have remained long_, nekkīm egēn.

_Do not stay!_ ur tákkĕme.

[Note: In Kab., _enker_ becomes _ekker_.]

42. _I bow, stoop_, edunkeagh.

_Lie down!_ gen [so _Kab._].

_He lay down_, igen.

_Cause the camel to lie!_ siggen amĕnis.

_I rest myself_, insegh.

_I pass the night_, insegh. [So _Kab._]

_I lie on the side_, insegh s alărin.

[Note: _Alar in_, my side? Elsewhere, _edis_, side.]

43. _Sitting with bent legs_, tinekaráft.

_Sit thou with bent legs_, senekaraffet.

[_He piqueted a camel_, ikerāf amĕnis.]

_Sit thou with elbows on knees_, asíbăkēt.

_Sitting with elbows on knees_, tasbíkkit.

_Sit like Egyptian statues_, asirte-rábărīn.

44. _I lie in bent form_, anékămegh.

_I lie on the face_, abumbéagh.

_The boat is capsised_, toraft tebumbay.

_I upset (a boat)_, subumbéagh.

_I lie outstretched_, ezárăgagh.

[_(The head) is rested_, irammagh?]

_I rest the head_, eserámmaghagh.

_Resting the head_, terámmeghet.

45. _Wink to him the eye_, enrĕrās tēṭ; ensĕgās tēṭ.

_I twist up my face_, asikaniagh edymmĕni.

_Blink thou_, aunarōnagh.

_Blinking_, tenirónăghat.

_I start up from having a vision_, émănomawagh.

_I shut my eyes, and have a vision_, emaunaagh.

[Note: _Asikaniagh_ perhaps means _I aim, I point_; as _asikken_, aiming with a gun.]

46. _I am sleepy_, tenedōmagh.

_I doze(d)_, enuddemagh.

_Sleep_, ētis, édis (éṭis).

_He is asleep_, iṭās, iḍās.

_I want to sleep_, irhēgh éḍis.

_Sleep is upon me_, ehaihe éḍis.

_I dreamed_, ehorgeagh.

_A dream_, táhorgēt.

[Note: In Kab., _nuddam_, slumber, and _iṭes_, sleep; _yūrga_, he dreamed, _tergīt_, a dream, _tērgīt_ (or _tergh-it?_), a coal.]

47. _I start up (from a dream)_, iggedagh; ebórderit [ebordegh-it?].

_I snore_, esákhăregh.

_Snoring_, asakhādu.

_I breathe_, esínfosagh.

_I make a long breath_, etagagh infas makkōren.

_He put his hands into his armpits_, ig ifāsenis dag tidardagh enis.

[Note: _Iggedagh_ is, I flew (214.), I leapt. _Infas_ is probably imported from Arabic.]

48. _Go thou!_ mūs: síkel.

_I go [went?]_, egeléagh.

—— [_travelled?_] esókalagh.

_A traveller_, amasōkal.

_I walk_, ergāshagh.

_Let him go!_ éyit errĕgesh!

_I take a ride_, ushirgĕshagh.

[Note: _Mūs_, move thou. For in Delaporte I find _itemmusu_, s’agite; _asemmusegh_, je remue. In the Prod. Son, _mus_ = _semm_, to name or call. The root _sh-rgsh_ seems to me formed from _rgsh_. So _sh-krsh_ from _krsh_; the last radical being prefixed.]

49. _I go on horseback_, egeléagh nāyagh.

_He rides_, etinne(y).

_Mount ye!_ annĭyet!

_Cattle for riding_, innemenniyen.

[Note: _Ināy_, he rides, is the root suggested by the above, and is confirmed by _amnāy_, a rider, in Delaporte and Venture. In a passage of Zwawa (Kabáíl) in De Slane, _inig_ seems to me to mean _he rode_. Are _nāyagh_ and _etinnegh_ two forms of the present? Or is _nāyagh_, I rode? In 62., _néyagh_, I ride.]

50. _I go sporting_, egeléagh ahuyye.

_A sportsman_, amahāyen (plur.?).

_I go by water_, esákalagh dar eghírrëu [_I travel by the river_].

_I go by land_, elílagh esalīm; perhaps, _I follow by the shore_ (_asarīm_ in vocab., but _alim_ in 224.).

_Following_, alīlen. (105. 201.)

_Straight_, isellīlet.

_Even, flat_, selīlen, nesauel.

_Free_, alīl.

_Freed_, nellīl.

51. _I come_, asagh.

_I arrive_, ussēgh.

——, wāṭagh, wāḍagh.

_We are arrived_, newāṭ.

_Come!_ iyu! (_Tad._); mellīt. (_Awelm._)

[Note: In Kab., _yūsa_, he came; _ūsīgh_, I am come. Here, _asagh_ and _ussīgh_ might seem different in tense. _Iwwat_, in Kab., he approached.]

52. _We went [we passed]_, nikka.

_The ball_ passed _his head_, tesawe _tŏke_ eghaf enis.

_I wish to go_, irhēgh tikaut.

_I flee, shun_, egewuaṭagh.

_He fled_, igĕwaṭ.

[Note: _Ikka_, he passed, he went; Kab. and Shil.: _arīgh dakagh_, I wish to go, Temght of Ben Músa.]

53. _I go in, enter_, eggĭshagh.

_Come in to the tent!_ eggish ehen!

_The rain enters the tent_, aman éskăran dar ehen.

_He went up and down_, imgha.

_He went down_, imki (in 209.).

_I go about_, tamaghagh.

——, kelin falánnagh.

[Note: _Eskăran_, in Kab., “doing,” faciens. _Imagha_, he went _up_ (Kab.); he went _down_ (Ben Músa’s Temght); he went _up and down_ (Delaporte’s Shilha); and here.]

54. _I go out [went out]_, ebarberagh.

_The stars shine out_, ităren iknan ebarbar.

_The moon comes out_, ayōr ibarbar.

_I come out of the boat_, tabárbaragh tóraft.

_Set them loose!_ simbăra!

[Note: _Barbar_, extra, might seem a formative from Arab. _barra_; but the native root is _ebru_ in Kabáíl, which exists side by side with _barra_. There is _ibra_, dimisit, repudiavit; _inebran_, repudium; _aberru_, manumissio; _innabra_, emisit (?); _sinabra_, perhaps the same as _simbara_ above.]

55. _Run! hasten!_ oshal, figgedigdig, akkĕra fedigdig.

_I run_, oshălagh, olékwualégh.

_Come back [to me] quick!_ kalāhi shik.

_I return, come back_, ekālagh [ḳalāhi, eḳālagh (?). So _Kab._, iḳḳal, _he turned himself_. See 25. above].

_Come near!_ ahaz!

_I approach_, áhĕzagh.

[Note: _Oshal_ is _ūzal_ of Kab., correlative to _ʿujel_ of Arabic. _Lekwual_ is like _leklek_ (to trot) of Arabic, for which we have _kelkel_ in Kab. _Shik_ is _zik_ of Kab.]

56. _He started early_, inshaya.

_You start early_, tinshayat, (subst.) tanshit.

_I start early_, ismargărēgh.

—— inshēgh semmūt [_semmūṭ_, cold, fresh?].

_Early to-morrow_, ashikken semmūt.

_I start in the afternoon_, eduēgh, (subst.) tádŭit.

_I wish to start late_, erhēgh tádŭit.

57. _You start to-morrow morning from Timbúktu_, ke tinshayat ashikke dag Timbutku.

_You pass the heat in Kábara_, tekĕlét te Kábarăten [you _broil_].

_You start in the afternoon from Kábara_, ke teduēt dag te Kábarăten.

_You lodge in Lenga_, temendagh Lenga.

_We pass the heat_, nikkĕla [_we broil_].

_Where do we pass the heat to-day?_ indegh dihau demáde nikkel ashel idagh?

[Note: _Ikĕla_ is here _iḳĕla_, Arabic _ḳala_, he broiled. Brosselet gives as Kab. _eḳlu_, broil thou; perhaps a root common to both languages. _Eḳḳel_ is the imperative for Turn yourself. In fact, to turn and to roast may be modifications of one root.]

58. _We lodge for the night_, nemendagh.

_I pass the night (I rest)_, insēgh (42.).

_Where (is it) that we shall rest this night_, endeg dihā _dihennas_ ehaḍ idagh? [read _dinennas?_]

[Note: _Edag_ or _edagh_, a place: (_edeg iyen_, one place; _annagh edak?_ what place?) _Dāj_, house with yard in Ghadámsi, which = Arab _dār_. _Idegh_, he dwelt? (_Irhan adedekken Bosebango_, they want to dwell at Bosebango) To this root I am disposed to refer _emendagh_. _Izdegh_, he dwelt, is the Kabáíl.

_Ehad_, night, must be _ehaḍ_. It is _efaḍ_ of Ghadámsi, _egheḍ_ of Wadreagh, _yīeḍ_ of Delaporte, _yīṭ_ of Hámed, &c. _Tegīt_ in the Tuareg (Temght) of Hodgson. The root is seen in Arab. غطا, obscura fuit nox.]

59. _Thou dost not keep the path_, war tóherit. [Qu. from _Turco-Arab._, dōghere, _straight?_]

_I lose my way_, ebehāhi eberīk.

_He has lost his way_, ebehās eberēk [_fefellit eum via_].

[_Ibāhe_, it misleads; _ibehe_, it misled?]

_False_, bāho.

_Liar_, wambāho.

_Renowned_, anesbāho [_boasted of extravagantly?_].

[Note: _Yoher_, he has kept the track? _Eberīk_, road, is Temght of Ben Músa; in Kab. _ebrid_, in Arab. _derb_.]

60. _He has found his way_, enta iggĕro abárrăka.

_I am tired_, ildāshagh.

_Weariness_, ilídish.

_I am_ very _tired_, ildāshagh húllen húllen.

_My bones are shattered_, nek tatáktărau eghasánnini.

[Note: _Iggera (Igra)_, it lighted upon, is surely Arabic _jera_. The ō in _iggĕro_ may even be the Arabic pronoun _him_. [? H.B.]

_Tataktarau_ seems akin to _karrau_ or _kaurau_, to be torn, _t_ being inserted as in the Arabic 8th form, not a Berber practice. The root is not unlike _zarau_; see below.]

61. _Exhaustion_, temánkīt.

_I repose_, eḳēmagh dissūn.

—— adehāgegh fessagh.

_Let us repose a little_, nehāget andurren.

[Note: _Temankīt_. Compare _War itemanākit_, lest it hurt (him). Perhaps from _naka_. _Dissun_, my side? _Edis_, side; _uni, eni_, of me.]

62. _I ride a horse_, néyagh aïs. (49.)

_I dismount_, ezōbegh. (66.)

_Dismount ye_, zōbet.

_I make the camel lie down_, esiggănagh amĕnis.

_Make thy camel lie_, siggen amĕnis innek.

_I drive my horse on_, egedémmegh aïsin.

[Note: _Zōb_ in this sense is found in Brosselard; but the Kabáíl and Shilha for it is _uguz, ukuz, eggiz_. See _ged, gōz_ in 70., and oftener _kōz_ in 99.

_Egedemmegh_, perhaps (Arab. _Qedem_) I cause to go in front.

_Aïsin_, for _aïs-ini_ (see end of 65.), is only a clipt pronunciation.]

63. _I go fast_, égelegh shik.

_I make my horse trot_, eshisheriwuēgh aïsin.

_I keep back my horse_, esamásănagh aïsin.

_I make him gallop_, etegeriwuēgh aïsin.

_I take a ride_, ushírgeshagh; adsummorómaragh.

[Note: _Eshisheriwuēgh, etegeriwuēgh_, seem to show _wuēgh_ as marking the 1st person of a causative verb, when the root ends in _au_. _Shisherau_, perhaps, denotes frequentative alternative movement, nearly as _sheresherau_, to work the pump-handle.

_Esámăsan_, causative, from _amăsan?_

_Etegeriwūegh_ (I set loose?) has _et_ to mark present tense. I make the root _igherau_, it is easy: whence _egheraugh_, I am easier, _yeherowen_, easy; _iharowen_, spacious.

_Adsummorómaragh_ seems to be a causative from a frequentative root _mormor_. _Ad_ marks present time.]

64. _I will go into a boat_, erhēgh ogish-n-tóraft [_I desire the entering of a boat_].

_I entered a boat_, egĭshagh tóraft.

_I get on the sand_, tarásănagh taméllelt.

_We have got on the sand_, urannar-n-akal.

_I disembark_, tabarbăragh tóraft.

[Note: _Tarásănagh_ (from _yarăsan_,) he touched? he grazed? _Tursar_ (211.), ran aground.]

65. _Do we cross in a boat?_ nisger is tóraft?

_Or have we to go on foot?_ mēr essi sídaránnanagh?

_I cross a river_, isgeragh.

_I ford a river_, nek yer teawent.

_Take my horse through the river_, kuletāhi aïseni.

[Note: _Essi_ may seem to be the Latin num, an, as _is_ in Delaporte’s Kabáíl.

_Isger_ is _izger_ in Kabáíl, perhaps more correct.

_Yer_ may seem to be for _yegh_, first person of a verb, so as to mean “I keep the ford” (_teawent_ is a ford); but _eyyi_, in Barth, means let, leave, being the Kabáíl _ejji_.

_Kulet_, plural, from root _kul?_ Compare _ikel_, he marched: or is _t_ radical?]

66. _I pass a town_, kayetánnagh.

_Shall we sleep in Kabara, or pass it?_ awak nemendagh e Kábaraten, mer nokaitenit?

_I alight (and take quarters) at the house of a certain man_, ezubbegh rōr halis iyen.

_I climb down_, nek azúbbegh.

_Mohammed E’ sghīr [probably?] will lodge with El Bakáy_, Mohammed eṣṣghīr kodōsen azubbet rōr El Bakáy.

[Note: _Ikáyetan_, he passed. Compare _ikka_, 52., and _yukaine_, 147.

_Awak_, Latin “utrum?” _Mer_, “an.”

_Imendagh_, he lodged? See 58.]

67. _I change my dwelling_, ehōnagh.

_The Tademékket have transferred their encampments at Gundam to Bosebango_, Tademekket ijóënit ahónenit rōr Gundam, irhan adedekken Bosebango.

[Note: _Yehōn_, he encamps? moved his camp? (_Ehe, ehan_, a tent.) _Ijóënit_ and _ahónenit_ seem two verbs of same tense? _enit_, marks 3rd pl. fem.

_Adedekken_ = _adedeghghen?_ See 58.]

68. _I swim_, shāfagh.

_Do you understand swimming?_ ke tezay elíshaf?

[Note: _El-ishaf_. If _el_ is here the Arabic article, _shāf_ ought to be imported Arabic. Golius has _zāf_, explicuit alas ac caudam; which easily becomes _natavit_. _Ke tezay_ = _tezayt_, it seems. In 89., _ezay_ = _esan_, he understood.]

69. _I dance_, dellillagh.

_I play_, edellagh.

_He understands dancing extremely well_, issan dellul yulāghen hullen.

[Note: Kab., _zullel_, to pirouette. In Shilha, _adilalan_, teaching, is from Arab. _dell_, a different root.]

70. _I spring_, tágĕdagh.

_I spring over a ditch_, agédĕregh átĕras atukkēk.

_He jumped down from his camel_, egedārit fel tārik. [_Fel_ is upon: _down_ must be in the verb.]

[Note: _Tágedagh_ (also), I fly; _iggeḍ_, he flew; see 47. _Egedārit_ and _agédĕregh_ are from another verb, _igeḍer_, or even _iḍer_, if _ag_ here marks tense. Ider, he came down, as in Kab. iṭer.

_Ateras_ = _Ader-as?_

_Atukkēk_, a ditch.]

71. _I climb up (a mountain, a tree)_, tewīnagh (adar, ehíshk).

_I limp [sink down?]_, agōzeagh.

_I get_ down? agōzeagh.

_The thief climbed up the house in the night, and dropt into the middle of it_, amakărad awen tárashām das ehad, atarăkat dar amásenis.

_I fall_, nōda(gh) (see 104.), nistrekegh.

_He fell_, isĕtrek, atarákătet.

_I threw down_, satarakegh.

[Note: _Iwwen_, Ghad., he went up; and Kab., _thasawint_, an eminence. _Auen_ here = _iwwen_.

_Das?_ some preposition.

_Aṭarak_, drop; _isaṭarak_, he threw down, let drop; yet _isĕtrek_ neuter verb.]

72. _I trip, stumble_, tersellădagh, nek agértătúf.

_I slide down_, nek abúrzazawerit. [See _eborderit_ in 47.]

_I strip my hand of skin_, azelébbegh.

_I limp_, ehiāgagh.

_That camel limps with his right foot_, amenis wādagh éhiak s aḍar-n-arēl.

[Note: _Irsellad_, he struck the foot against.

_Agégh taṭuf_, I have made _a catching_.

_Aḍar-n-arēl_, foot of the right.]

73. _I sing_, nek egananásehak.

_Do the Tawárek sing?_ Imóshăghe igananásehak?

_They are very fond of singing_, irhánne adigérĕshen tárezēk hullen.

_They have their peculiar songs_, entenet lan tarezék imánnesen.

_Sing me a nice song_, auiyāhi asāhak ihōsken; egāhe anaya ihōsken.

[Note: _Asĕhak_ = _azĕghak_ = _aghĕzak_ by transposition; a song, or singing? Also _anaya_, a song. In _nek eganan_ we must see the participle _iganan_, canens; but _eganan_ is canunt: for _eghannan?_ the root is Arabic, _ghann_.

_Tarezēk, tarezzek_ = _taghezēk_.

_Irhánne_ = _irhan_, they love; see 33.

_Lan_, there were? = _ellan_.

_Adigereshen_ implies _igeresh_, he recited? Compare _gher_; and _ghered_, warble, as Arabic.]

74. _I laugh_, dāzagh, tedāzagh.

_Thou laughest too loud_, ke hik tadís lebāset [_tu, est tibi risus pravus_].

_Much laughing is not becoming_, tádasit tegēt war tawége.

[Note: _Yedez_, he laughed (B. M.’s Temght).

_Tadīz, tádazit_, laughter.

_Lebāset_ must be feminine for _lebāsent_, from _ilabāsen_, bad.

_Tegēt_ for _tegent_, fem., from _egen_, much. But, in 39, _tegēt_, thou hast done.

_Wége_ also seems to be a root (compare Arab. _wejeh_,—qu. spectabilis est) for decuit. Hence fem. _tauége_; and _war inîtúegi_, it cannot be, (it will not do).]

75. _I smile_, asibáksagh.

_A smile_, tibeksit.

_I cry out_, egerēgh [egherēgh].

_[I] moan_, tenétĕkēt, tehénĕfēt.

_I weep_, halāgh.

_Why do you weep?_ mefel tehālit? mas hālit?

_Do not weep_, war telhēt.

[Note: _Gher_ (here as in Kab.), is to call, to cry, to read; uniting Hebrew _ḳara_, call, and Arabic _ḳara_, read. The _ḳ_ is often found for _gh_; Hodgson says, wrongly.

_Ihāl_, he weeps; compare Heb. and Ar. _hallel_, and Engl. wail. In Delaporte’s Shilha, _allan_, weeping, _isillan_, causing to weep; _h_ omitted.]

76. _I am silent_, esósanagh.

_Be silent_, sūsin.

[Note: In Kab. _sūsim_, be silent. Compare Arab. _ṣamat, siluit_; _ṣamm_, obturavit, os repressit.]

77. _I am sorry_, nek ezenesjūmo.

_I [?] am vexed_, igrawent nisgam.

_Do not be vexed, ease your mind [lift up your heart?]_, sūli ulhinnek.

[Note: _Anesgum_, or rather _anezgum_, seems to mean sorrow (as in Kab.); but for the verb nothing nearer appears than Arab. _hazan_, of which I have thought it an inverted corruption. _Nek ezenesjūmo_, for _nek es enezgūm-o_, I (am) _in my_ sorrow?

_Igrau-ent_, see 60.

_Suli_, in Kab., lift up, cause to rise.

_Ulhi_, heart (Kab. _uli_), Arab. _ḳalb_, Heb. _lib_, display the same elements, though in disguise.]

78. _I do not dissemble_, isákănagh imāni [_I show myself_].

[_He dissembles_], war sékĕne imánnis.

_You dissemble_, tesírmărăday.

_I am content, I allow, permit_, ekebēlagh. (_Arab., Kab._)

79. _I trust_, efelāsegh.

_Confidence_, tefĕlist, tifíllas.

_He confided_ (in _African Arabic_), falash (_seems to be the same root_).

_I am merry_, nek ellĕwe.

[Note: _Ellewegh_, I am merry. Elsewhere, _illewen_, they were merry. _Teslauit_, lætificasti. _Olewet_, happy; _olúa_, fem. _tolúa_, wide, spacious; qu. laxus, lagus, liber. Also frequentative, _lüelüe_, it was let go? See 97.]

80. _I pity him_, nek egĕras [egĕghas?] tehānit.

_I do not pity him_, urhas ger [gegh?] tehānit.

_Have mercy on me_, adenāhi tehānit.

_I am angry_ } } etkāragh, eggesh āhe Eblīs. (_Satan has entered me_), }

_Why are you angry with me?_ mas ke, tĕjés falē (_or_ felāhi) atkar.

[Note: _Teḥānit_ would recall Heb. and Arab. _ḥann_.

_Eger, ger_, perhaps for _egegh_, I make.

_Aden-ahi_, spread over me?

_Etkār, atkar_, should be _etkakh_, or rather _etkaḥ, atkaḥ_, but the Tawárek cannot sound ḥ. It is Kab. _echchaḥ_, Arab. _ajjaḥ_. But _etkar_ means “full;” Kab. _echchur_. See 103.

_Tejés_ = _tegesh_, enters?]

81. _He dishonoured him_ before _all the world_, tezĕmit dedēsin idĭnet rúrret.

_I slight you_, tézĕmegh fellek, nek tezémăkay.

[_Slight, dishonour_], tisĕmīt.

_He has dishonoured me_, enta tezémăhi.

_I fear_, eksōdagh.

_Do not fear_, ur teksōk [teksōd].

_Do not tremble_, ur termāga.

_Thou art impatient, unsteady_, ke termādet.

_I hide myself_, efāragh imāni; bikegh imāni; esíddăkik.

_I cover my face with my hands_, hăragh idĕmín.

[Note: _Tesĕmegh, tezĕmegh_. Root, _ezem_ (deficiency, Kab.?). _Izem_, he slighted; _itezem_, he slights. _D edēs in-_, at side of?

_Termāga_: but _terimmek_, anxiety (with _k_), and _termādet_ (with _d_). In Kab. _ergīgi_, tremble.

_Esiddakik_ (-kigh? -ghigh?). From _sideris_ (sideghis?), “secretly,” we might lay down _sidegh_, as the root. But _ised eghaf ĕnis_, “he hides his head,” gives us simply _ised_, he hides, and _esiddakik_, I hide _thee_.

_Idemin_, perhaps, is dual, Two cheeks; Barth has _idémăwen_ (139.) for faces, pl.: root _udem_, cheek, face, Kab.]

82. _I take care_, ugăsagh.

_Beware of that man_, ehéwet halis wādagh, agas-n-niet.

_He is of a treacherous disposition_, erádar (eghádar?).

_I do not care_, war ekōlagh.

_Take care of the luggage_, agis ílălen.

[Note: _Ehewet_ = _egeweṭ_, of 52. “shun.”

_Niet?_ [In Delaporte’s Shilha the word means “even,” _même_.]

_Ikōl_, he cares. Compare the Hausa verb _kula_, to care, in the Rev. Mr. Schön’s vocabulary, and _ekull_ in 104.]

83. _I wait for you_, ezēdargh fillek.

_Wait for him_, zedar filles.

———— malărēn?

_He is impatient_, enta war izēdar.

84. _I recall to mind (my friends)_, nek esimmiktăghēt imaraweni.

_I am not thinking at all_, war inēhi ábĕlu. (_Thought does not find me?_)

_I remember_, nek esimmesúyăkal (?) _or_ kagh (?)

[Note: _Iktha_, cogitavit, seems to be the Kab. root. Hence _imekthi_, secum reputavit; and here, _isimmikti_, the causative.

_Imarau-eni_, my friends? my sorrows? Elsewhere _immerauen_, mutual weeping: root, _ru_, sobbing, Kab. But _imidaueni_, my friends (Prod. Son); _imīdi_, a friend.

_Esimmesúyakagh_, suggests a root, _suyak_ or _uyak_; but _esimmesúyaghak_ (I remember _thee_) a root _suya_. Both are strange to me.]

85. _I have forgotten_, etuagh.

_Thou hast forgotten_, tetuat.

_Forgetfulness_, tatat.

_I am accustomed to ——_, nek esilmadărak isūl-n-——.

_I am accustomed to smoke much_, nek eshuaragh almeddak tesesēn taba [_cœpi discam haustum tobacci_].

_I teach you_, nek esalmádakay.

[Note: _Itu_, he forgot, Kab.

_Ilmed_ (Arab. and Heb.), he learned; _isilmed_, he taught; here, he learned.

_Esilmadărak_ has a syllable too much; read _esilmadagh_. Then, _akisūl_ or _isūl_ means custom?

_Almeddak_ = _Almeddagh_, (ut) discam.

_Ishuar_ is for Kab. _izwar_, he began. So _teshuar torau_, incipit pariat = parturīt.

_Tesēs en taba_; _én_ is the prep. “of?”]

86. _I know_, sánagh.

_I do not know_, ur essánagh.

_Do you not know?_ ke war tessīnat?

_I am puzzled_, nek amdéggēg.

87. _I understand_, egerāhagh.

_I have not understood what you said_, war egerāhagh meggerīt.

_I understand a little Tarkíye_, egerāhagh andúrren da Temáshight.

_I cannot speak it_, war dōbegh assokel enis.

[Note: _Egerah_, understand thou? So _agrūhet_, science. It seems to be a pure native root, as _isen_, he knew.

_Meggerīt_ is explained by Barth as _me gerīt_ = _me gherit_; or, rather, _me teghrit_, what thou hast called out. _Meggered (meghered)_ is a harangue. See 29.

_Da_, not certain _Temáshight_, as _Imóshaghe_, for Kab. _Temazight_, _Imózagh_.

_Assokel_; see 25.]

88. _I am learning Tarkíye_, etátăragh almud en Temáshight [peto doctrinam].

_I know the Kurán by heart_, ikfāsagh el Kurān; etāfagh.

[Note: _Itar_, petiit. In Kab. I know only the causative _isuthar_, petiit, which is common. De Slane, in a Berber (Shilha?) poem has _idder_ and _iter_; viz. _iwellik iddernin_, toi que l’on implore (τοῖς σε λισσομένοις?); and _win itran_, he who wishes (ὁ ζμτῶν).

_Ikfas_ is corrupt Arabic. _Ḥafiẓ_, حفظ.

_Eṭafagh_, I have caught or held fast, often has _w_, as though _waṭaf_ were the root. It is Arab. حطف, whether native or imported. Common in Kab. See another _etaf_ in 208.]

89. _Teach me Tefínaghen_, agimékkăhe Tefínaghen.

_I acquaint, inform you_, elárĕghak.

_I read_, nek raragh [gharagh].

_Read_, tégĕri [téghĕri].

_I have read with the most learned of the Kelissūk_, nek égĕrék rōr el fakkíren Kelissūk ezay (esan) tégĕri hullen.

[Note: _Agīnek_, teach thou?

_Ilar_, he informed? _Ilagh?_ compare Ar. _lagha_, locutus fuit.

_Ezay_, peritus fuit; as appears by comparing this with 68. _Esan_ is _isan_, scivit, as in 86. The verb should be plural here? _Egerek_ = _eghĕregh_; and the vowel of the penultimate distinguishes the past tense from _gharagh_, present tense.]

90. _I write_, katăbagh. (Arab.)

_Written_, iktab.

_I count_, esedanagh.

_Counted_, isĕdan.

_Are these cowries counted, or not?_ timgel ídagh isédănen, mer war isédănen?

_What is the name of this in Tarkíye?_ wādagh, innagh ismennis se Temáshight?

_Your name?_ isménnek?

91. _I pray_, umādagh. [From _Arab._ _ʿamad_, which degenerated from the idea of _confirming_ into the ecclesiastical _baptizing_.]

_Have you finished your prayer?_ ke tesýmdet timadénnek?

[Note: _Tesymdet_ belongs to an important root, _imĕda_, it is finished (36.); _imḍa_ in Delaporte’s Shilha. Barth has _ejumádade_, (the nights) are passed. Causative, _isimda_, he ended. Also _imende_ [= imemḍe?], (our food) is finished, gone. See further under 103.]

92. _(I) fold (my) hands [fingers]_, asimmékeris isíkkăden.

_Fold ye your hands_, simmekeríssit isíkkadenawen.

_I fast_, ezōmagh. [Arab. _ṣōm_.]

_Are you fasting?_ ke tazōmet?

93. _I have had, once I had_, kălā ille. [_Kălā_, once upon a time; _ille_, there was? _rōri_ or _ghōri_ seems wanting.]

_I have not_, war rōr ille [read, _war rōri ille_].

_I have nothing to eat_, war iktĕfagh akshegh [_non sufficio (quod) edam_].

[Note: _Kalā_, une fois; Kab. _thekkilt_; Shilha, _wal_.

_Iktefa_, seems to be the Arabic 8th form, from _kefa_, and not to be connected with _ikfa_, he gave, unless this is itself only a corruption of the Arabic verb.]

94. _I add, give more_, esewādagh.

_Add to me a little_, sewadāhi andúrren.

_I arrive_, wādagh [wāṭagh].

_We are arrived_, nuat [newāṭ].

_(The cold) decreases_, efenās.

_I lessen_, nek afenis-tennet (?).

—— (_of fluids_), esodébăragh.

[Note: _Sewad [sewaṭ]_ seems to me the causative of _iwaṭ_, a root common in Kab. Thus _iwaṭ_ accessit; _isewaṭ_, addidit.

_Andurren_, a little, combined with _madruīn_, small, gives a root _dru_. In Kab., _edrus_, a little. The _s_ must once have been a pronoun: _edrus_, a little _of it_. See also _endurret_, in 96., for young.]

95. _Bring me something_, auyohëēt harret.

_I bring it to you_, waueghakit.

_I leave, let_, nek ōyagh.

_Let him go (walk)_, eyit érrĕgesh.

[Note: In Kab, _awīd_, bring to me hither; _yūwi_, he brought, led.[91] _Auyohi_ must be formed of _auwi_, bring; _āhi_, to me. In 96., _awe_ (= _yūwi_) duxit, for _married_.

_Oyagh_ is a different verb, imperative.

_Eyyi_, let, leave; in Kab., _ejji_.]

96. _I set free a slave_, sidderfagh ákeli.

_A freed slave_, ákĕli néllil.

_A freedman_, adĕrif.

_I divorce a woman_, ezimmízeagh támate.

_I marry_, itidíbonagh.

_He has divorced his former wife_, izímmăze hannīs, tādagh rōris tille [_quæ ei erat_].

_(And) has married a young girl_, awe taliad andúrret. (On _awe_, see 95.)

[Note: _Néllil_, freed, from _alīl_, free. A root of very like sound is in 105., and another in 50. _Izimiz_; see in 81, _izem_, he dishonoured.

_Hannīs_, wife, and _halis_, man, are peculiar to Temght. [Qu. _halis_, a “fellow;” _hannis_, “his mate?”]

_Taliad_, lass; _iliad_, lad, are very like Arab. _welad_, son, which in Temght also appears as _abarad_.]

97. _I hold fast_, etāfagh.

_We take [lay hold of]_, nuttef.

_Catch it, hold it_, óttuft. (See 88.)

_Hold fast the cord_, ātef írriwi.

_Let go the cord_, selluelūe írriwi.

_I let go_, selluelūeragh.

[Note: _Sellueluer?_ But see 79.]

98. _Pluck off_, ekas.

_I take off, pluck_, ekăsagh.

_Raise, take away_, [tolle!] atkal.

_I carry off_, átkalagh.

_I put the load on the camel_, otāgergh ilălen fel ámĕnis; nek etajejjegh ilălen.

[_He heaped things upon him_], egag fellas ilălen.