Book VI
Truffles, {Rx} 27, 33, 315-321, 333; cf. TUBERA
TRULLA, any small deep vessel, also a dipper, ladle
TUBERA, "tubers"; TUBER CIBARIUM, ---- TERRAE, truffle, a fungus, mushroom growing underground, {Rx} 27, 35, 315, seq., 321; T. CYCLAMINOS, "sow-bread," because swine, being very fond of T. dig them up. The truffle defies cultivation, grows wild and today is still being "hunted" by the aid of swine and dogs that are guided by its matchless aroma
TUCETUM, a delicate dish; particularly a dessert made of prunes
Tunny, fish, {Rx} 427, 458, 459; Baby, {Rx} 420, 424, 425, 426; Salt, {Rx} 427
TURDUS, thrush, {Rx} 497
Turkey, probably known to the ancients. See Guinea Hen and Meleagris
Turnips, {Rx} 100, 101
Turnover dish, {Rx} 129
TURTUR, "turtle" dove, {Rx} 218, seq., 498; ---- ILLA, young t., an endearing term
TURSIO, TH--, {Rx} 145
TYROPATINA, {Rx} 301
TYROTARICUS, a dish made of cheese, salt fish, eggs, spices--ingredients resembling our "Long Island Rabbit," {Rx} 137, 143, 180, 439; see TARICA, {Rx} 144, 428
U
UDDER, {Rx} 251
UNCIA, ounce, equals 1/12 lb.; also inch, -/12
UNGELLAE, {Rx} 251-5 foot
Urbino, Duke of, p. 269
URNA, urn, pitcher, water bucket; --ULA, small vessel; also a liquid measure, containing half of an AMPHORA, of four CONGII, or twelve SEXTARII; see measures
URTICA, nettle; also sea-nettle, {Rx} 108, 162
U. S. Dept. of Agr. on Dasheens, {Rx} 322
UVA, grape, {Rx} 19; Uvam passam Phariam, {Rx} 97
V
Vaerst, Baron von, a writer, pp. 3, 8
Vanilla, {Rx} 15
VARIANTES LECTIONES, Apiciana No. 12
Varianus, Varius, Varus, Vardanus, Roman family name, {Rx} 245
Varro, a writer, {Rx} 70, 307, 396, p. 21
VAS, a vase, vat, vessel, dish, plate; --CULUM, a small v.; ---- VITREUM, glass v., {Rx} 23
Vasavarayeyam, ancient Sanscrit book, p. 13
Vatican Mss. Apiciana, p. 254, seq., Incipit facsimile, p. 253
Veal Steak, p. 314, {Rx} 351, 2; ---- Fricassée, {Rx} 353, 4
Vegetable Dinner, {Rx} 67-9, 71, 145, 188; ---- purée, {Rx} 103-6; ---- peeling of young v., {Rx} 66; to keep v. green, {Rx} 67, 188; ---- and brain pudding, {Rx} 131
Vehling, J. D., see Introduction; V. collection, p. 257
VENERIS OSTIUM, {Rx} 307
Venison, {Rx} 339-45
VENTREM, AD ----, {Rx} 68, 69, 70, 71; --ICULUM, {Rx} 285
VERMICULI, "little worms," noodles, vermicelli
Vermouth, Roman, French, and Black Sea, different kinds of, {Rx} 3, seq.
VERVEX, a wether-sheep, mutton
VESTINUS, see Caseus, {Rx} 126
Vicaire, Georges, bibliographer, p. 18
VICIA, a kind of pulse, vetch
VICTUS, way of life, diet; ---- TENUIS, reduced diet
Vinaigrette, {Rx} 113, 336, 341
Vinidarius, Excerpts of, pp. 12, 21, 234
VINUM, wine; ---- CANDIDUM FACIES, {Rx} 8; many technical terms are given to wines, according to their qualities, such as ALBUM, CONDITUM, FUSCUM, NIGRUM, LIMPIDUM, ATRUM, DURUM, FULVUM, SANGUINEM, RUBENS, FIERI, BONUM, DULCE SUAVUM, FIRMUM, SALUBRE, DILUTUM, VAPIDUM, etc. These, as our modern terms, are employed to designate the "bouquet," color and other characteristics of wine. Then there are the names of the different brands coming from different parts, too numerous to mention. Furthermore there are wines of grapes, old and new, plain or distilled, raw or cooked, pure and diluted, natural or flavored, and the many different drinks made of grape wine with herbs and spices
V. NIGRUM, "black wine," may be muddy wine in need of clarification; there is some slight doubt about this point. It appears that the vintner of old was much more tempted to foist unworthy stuff upon his customers than his colleague of today who is very much restricted by law and guided by his reputation
VINUM also is any drink or liquor resembling grape wine, any home-made wine fermented or fresh. There is a V. EX NAPIS, ---- PALMEUM, ---- EX CAROTIS, ---- EX MILII SEMINE, ---- EX LOTO, ---- EX FICO, ---- EX PUNCICIS, ---- EX CORNIS, ---- EX MESPILIS, ---- EX SORBIS, ---- EX MORIS, ---- EX NUCLEIS PINEIS, ---- EX PIRIS, ---- EX MALIS, (cf. Pliny), resembling our cider, perry, berry wines and other drink or liquor made of fruit, berries, vegetables or seeds
VIOLATIUM and ROSATIUM, {Rx} 5, are laxatives; ---- ORIGANUM is wine flavored with origany; etc., etc.
It is doubtful, however, that the Romans knew the art of distillation to the extent as perfected by the Arabs centuries later and brought to higher perfection by the medical men and alchymists of the middle ages
Violet Wine, {Rx} 5
Virility, supposed stimulants for, {Rx} 307, 410
VITELLINA, VITULINA, calf, veal, {Rx} 351-4
Vitellius, emperor, p. 11, {Rx} 189, 193, 317
VITELLUS OVI, yolk of egg; also very young calf. "Calf's sweetbreads"--Danneil
Vollmer, F., editor, commentator, Apiciana No. 21, 23, 27, pp. 13, 18, 19, 273
Vossius, G. J., philologist, on Coelius, p. 266
VULVA, sow's matrix, womb; --ULA, small v., {Rx} 59, 251-54, 256. Was considered a delicacy. Pliny, Martial and Plutarch wrote at length on the subject. The humane Plutarch tells of revolting detail in connection with the slaughter of swine in order to obtain just the kind of V. that was considered the best
Cf. Pliny, Hist. Nat., VIII, 51; XI, 37, 84, 54; Plutarch's essay on flesh eating, Martial, Ep. XII, 56 and VII, 19
W
WEIGHTS. LIBRAE, scale, balance. LIBRA--pound--lb--12 ounces, equivalent to one AS UNCIA, an ounce, properly the twelfth part of any unit, also any small bit SCRIPULUM, or SCRU--, 1 scruple, 288 to 1 lb. SELIBRA for SEMILIBRA, half a pound Theban ounce, cf. {Rx} 3
Weighing fluids, {Rx} 471
Welsh rabbit, see ZANZERELLA
Whiting, {Rx} 419
Wild Boar, {Rx} 329, seq., 338; ---- sheep, {Rx} 348; ---- goat, {Rx} 346, seq.
Wilson, Dr. Margaret B., collector, cf. Preface, p. 37; cf. Apiciana I, pp. 254, 257; cf. Garum
Wine, fine spiced, {Rx} 1; Rose, {Rx} 4; ---- without roses, {Rx} 6; ---- Violet, {Rx} 5; ---- To clarify muddy, {Rx} 8; ---- New--boiled down, DEFRITUM, {Rx} 21; ---- sauce for truffles, {Rx} 33; ---- Palm, {Rx} 35; ---- of Carica figs, {Rx} 55; ---- sauce for fig-fed pork, {Rx} 259, 260; ---- fish, {Rx} 479; cf. VINUM
Wine pitcher, illustration, p. 208; ---- press, illustration, p. 92; ---- storage room in Pompeii, illustration, p. 124; ---- Dipper, p. 3; ---- Crater, p. 140
Wolf, Rebekka, writer, {Rx} 205, seq.
Woodcock, {Rx} 218, seq.
Wood-pigeon, {Rx} 218, seq.
Wooley, Mrs. Hannah, writer, {Rx} 52
Writers, ancient, on food, pp. 3, 4
Y
YEAST, {Rx} 16
Young cabbage, p. 188, {Rx} 87
Z
ZAMPINO, {Rx} 338
ZANZERELLA, a "Welsh rabbit." "CIBARIUM QUOD VULGO ZANZERELLAS UOCANT"--Platina
ZEMA, ZU--, ZY--, a cook pot for general use
ZINZIGER, GINGIBER, ginger; the latter is the better spelling
ZOMORE, ZOMOTEGANON, ZOMORE GANONA, ZOMOTEGANITE--a dish of fish boiled in their own liquor, resembling the modern bouillabaisse, {Rx} 153. The GANON, --A, --ITE, is the name of an unidentified fish, the supposed principal ingredient of this fish stew. Cf. Oenoteganon
[End of Index and Vocabulary]
[_INDICIS FINIS_]
ADDENDA
Description of Commentaries
APICIANA NOS. 30-31, A.D., 1935-36
J. SVENNUNG: UNTERSUCHUNGEN ZU PALLADIUS UND ZUR LATEINISCHEN FACH- UND VOLKSSPRACHE.
"Skrifter utgivna med understöd av Vilhelm Ekmans universitets-fond, Uppsala," tom. 44, (Uppsala, 1935)
and
DE LOCIS NON NULLIS APICIANIS SCRIPSIT J. SVENNUNG.
(Särtryck ur Eranos vol. XXXIV) Gotoburgi 1936. Typis descr. Elanders Boktr. A.-B.
[Through the good offices of Dr. Edwardt Brandt, of Munich, the above two commentaries on Apicius were received in the last moment, thanks to the courtesy of the author, Lekto J. Svennung, of Uppsala, Sweden. The first study is a critique of technical terms and colloquialisms as found in Palladius, touching frequently upon Apicius, published in 1935 at Uppsala by the Vilhelm Ekman University Foundation and the other is a reprint of an article on a number of Apician formulae from Eranos, Vol. XXXIV, published at Gothenburg, 1936, by Elander, Ltd.
J. D. V., Chicago, November 30th, 1936.]
{Illustration: (Squib on the margin of an ancient manuscript in the Monastery of St. Gallen, Switzerland)}
{Transcription:
LIBRO COMPLETO··· SALTAT SCRIPTOR PEDE LAETO······}
Transcriber's Note
Minor punctuation errors have been repaired. Amendments have been made only where there was a clear error, where there was a definite inconsistency within the text, or where it was impossible to find a reliable source of the original spelling, as follows:
Page vii--FRONTISPIECE amended to FRONTISPICE--"13 FRONTISPICE, Lister Edition ..."
Page 5--predeliction amended to predilection--"... nor did he indulge in that predilection for ugly detail ..."
Page 9--Minturæ amended to Minturnæ--"... living chiefly at Minturnæ, a city of Campania, ..."
Page 11--departmentized amended to departmentalized--"... were departmentalized to an astonishing degree ..."
Page 11--indispensible amended to indispensable--"These indispensable books are simply wanting in our book ..."
Page 15--Pommerania amended to Pomerania--"... Sweden, Holstein, Denmark, Friesland, Pomerania still observes Apicius rules ..."
Page 20--fallability amended to fallibility--"... how each new copy by virtue of human fallibility or self-sufficiency ..."
Page 22--salt amended to salted--"The fish, intestines and all, was spiced, pounded, fermented, salted, strained and bottled ..."
Page 23--an amended to a--"May it be a sturdy one, and let its owner beware."
Page 24--prodiguous amended to prodigious--"His culinary procedures required a prodigious amount of labor ..."
Page 26--insiduousness amended to insidiousness--"Even the most ascetic of men cannot resist the insidiousness of spicy delights ..."
Page 27--appeite amended to appetite--"... having our appetite aroused at the very perusal ..."
Page 28--devine amended to divine--"... the experienced practitioner will be able to divine correct proportions, ..."
Page 32--compote amended to compôte--"... oyster cocktail, poultry and compôte, goose with apple ..."
Page 36--mummyfied amended to mummified--"... that Apicius is not a mummified, bone-dry classic ..."
Page 58--EPIMLES amended to EPIMELES--"_EXPLICIT APICII EPIMELES LIBER PRIMUS_"
Page 64--feasable amended to feasible--"... such as we here suggest would be entirely feasible ..."
Page 70--CIRELLOS amended to CIRCELLOS--"[65] ROUND SAUSAGE _CIRCELLOS ISICIATOS_"
Page 77--popularily amended to popularly--"... chestnuts and potatoes, popularly known as "Chinese potatoes" ..."
Page 89--acccordance amended to accordance--"... Procedure quite in accordance with modern practice."
Page 89--omitted [1] added to beginning of note in recipe 121.
Page 89--114 amended to 115 (twice)--"... (Cf. {Rx} No. 115) ..." and "... _Spondyli uel fonduli_ ({Rx} Nos. 115-121) does belong to