Part 44

_Propertius_, mentions _patres pelliti_, i, 120; his poems imitations of the Alexandrian school, iii, 139.

_Property tax_, ii, 37.

_Property_, different from possession, i, 254.

_Proscribed_, the sons of the proscribed by Sylla, persuaded by Cicero to renounce recovering their honours, iii, 22; the _jus honorum_ restored to them by Cæsar, 74.

_Proscriptions_, ii, 383; iii, 91.

_Prose_, in olden times always developed by oratory, iii, 130.

_Proselytes_ of the gate and of the temple, i, 164.

_Provence_, its inhabitants were during the whole of the middle ages in possession of the coral fisheries of Africa, i, 458; is called _Italia altera_, iii, 122.

_Province_, explained, ii, 41; Roman province in Gaul, 308; senatorial and imperial, iii, 120; proconsular and pro-prætorian, 121; provinces less heavily oppressed than Italy, 257; the difference between senatorial and imperial provinces done away with, 274.

_Provinces_ distributed in the senate previous to the election of the magistrates, ii, 300.

_Provincials_ of the west much sooner assimilated themselves to Roman manners than those of the east, i, 61; the ownership of the provincials not according to Roman but to provincial law, ii, 41.

_Prudentius_, iii, 326.

_Prusa_ destroyed by the Goths, iii, 278.

_Prusias_, king of Bithynia, ii, 193; marries Perseus’ sister, 207; connexion with Perseus, 211; goes to Rome, 221.

_Prussian army_ of 1762 much inferior to that of 1757, ii, 105.

_Pseudophilip_, ii, 237; an impostor, 245; given up by Demetrius to the Romans, 245; routs the Macedonians, 246; defeated by Scipio Nasica, 246; beats P. Juventius Thalna, 247; conquered by Q. Metellus, 247; put to death, 247.

_Ptolemy Auletes_, driven from Alexandria, comes to Rome to be reinstated, iii, 28; restored by Gabinius, 62; his death, 62.

_Ptolemy Epiphanes_, son of Ptolemy Philopator, against him Philip III., Antiochus the Great united, ii, 147.

_Ptolemy Euergetes_, war against Seleucus Callinicus, ii, 182.

_Ptolemy Euergetes II._, (Physcon,) ii, 221; receives Cyprus and Cyrene, 221.

_Ptolemy Ceraunus_, i, 556; succumbs under the invasion of the Gauls in Macedonia, 546.

_Ptolemy Lagus_, historical writer, i, 470.

_Ptolemy Philadelphus_, in alliance with Rome, ii, 13, 50.

_Ptolemy Philometor_, ii, 221.

_Ptolemy Philopator_, an unworthy king, under him the empire falls into utter decay, ii, 148.

_Ptolemy_, son of Ptolemy Auletes, iii, 62.

_Ptolemy Soter_, friendly with Seleucus, enemy to Cassander, quarrels with both of them about the spoil of the battle of Ipsus, i, 553.

_Publicani_, farmers of revenue, i, 253; ii, 193.

_Public debt_ in Rome during the war of Hannibal, ii, 187.

_Public works_ in Rome done by contract, ii, 38.

_Publicius_, see Clivus.

PUBLICUM, chest of the patricians, i, 233; after the Licinian laws very likely the general exchequer of the country, 408.

_Q. Publilius Philo_, dictator, his laws, i, 445; first plebeian prætor, 454; conquers Naples as first proconsul, 473; consul, 493.

_Vol. Publilius_, insult offered to him by the patricians, i, 268; elected tribune, 268; his rogations, 269.

_Pulcheria_, iii, 335.

_Pullani_, descendants of the Crusaders in the Holy Land, become unwarlike, ii, 166.

PULSARE, to violate the law of nations, ii, 251.

_Punic_, spoken in the provincial towns of Africa, iii, 234.

_Punic wars_, periods of the first, ii, 9; the ideas of the Romans quite changed by the taking of Agrigentum, 12; peace, 39; the first Punic war one of the causes of the degeneracy of the Roman people, 42; no war in ancient history to be compared to the second Punic, 61; division, 68; peace, 142; the third Punic war, 227.

PUTEUS, cistern, i, 518.

_Puzzuoli_, dyke across the harbour, iii, 180.

_Pydna_, battle, ii, 213.

_Pyrgi_, Roman fortress, i, 571.

_Pyrrhus_, king of Epirus, i, 551; compared to Charles XII., 552; brought up by Glaucias, prince of the Taulantians, 553; goes to the court of Demetrius Poliorcetes, and of Antigonus the One-eyed, 553; restored by Demetrius, king of the Molossians, 553; in his service, 553; sent to Ptolemy, 553; marries Antigone, daughter of Berenice, 554; acquires Ambracia, Amphilochia and the Epirote provinces, 554; war with Demetrius Poliorcetes, 554; unites with Lysimachus, and shares with him Macedon, 554; a mighty master in the method of battle array, 555; treaty with Tarentum, 555; sails to Italy, 556; raises a levy among the Tarentines, 556; the only barbarian king fraught with the brilliancy of old Hellenism, 557; offers his mediation between Rome and Tarentum, 558; battle of Heraclea, 558; advances against Rome, 560; sends ambassadors, 561; takes Fregellæ by storm, 562; resolves upon turning back, 562; embassy of the Romans to him, 562; has left memoirs, 563; gives leave to the prisoners to go to Rome to the Saturnalia, 563; an enthusiastic admirer of the Romans, 563; battle near Ascalum, 564; always placed alternately an Italian moveable cohort and solid battalion of the phalanx, 565; the attempt at poisoning by his physician seems to have been a preconcerted farce, 565; exchange of prisoners, 566; goes to Sicily, 566; his son becomes king of Syracuse, 566; drives out the Carthaginians from Sicily, except from Lilybæum, 566; conquers the Mamertines, 566; siege of Lilybæum, 567; returns to Italy, lands near Locri, 567; attacked by a Carthaginian fleet, 567; battle of Taurasia, (Beneventum,) 567; leaves Milo behind in Tarentum, 568; returns to Epirus, 569; proclaimed king of Macedonia, 569; soon forsaken again, 569; expedition against Sparta, 569; marches to Argos, 569; his death, 569.

_Pythagoras_, uncertain whether an historical person, i, 458; the Pythagorean philosophy known at an early period to the Romans, 458; to be sought for among the Pelasgians, 472.

_Pyxus_, i, 458.

Q

_Quadi_ cross the Danube, iii, 240, 242.

_Quadratum saxum_, flagstone, i, 518.

_Quadriremes_, ii, 12.

_Quadrigarius_, Q. Claudius, his history is brought down to about the time of Cicero’s consulship, i, 31; unwieldiness of his language, 31.

QUÆSTIONES PERPETUÆ, analogous to the modern jury courts, ii, 345; assigned by Sylla to the prætors, 389; gave the verdict of innocence or guilt, and also had the right of pardoning, iii, 21.

_Quæstor_, his office ceases during the decemvirate, i, 298; chosen by the centuries, 325; _Quæstores parricidii_ and _Quæstores classici_ to be distinguished, 325; _quæstores parricidii_ synonymous with the _duum viri perduellionis_, 325; the office thrown open in the year of the town 346 to both orders, 335, 340; quæstors appointed for Italy, 572; their number increased to eight, 572; by Sylla to twenty, ii, 389; by Cæsar to forty, iii, 74.

_Quæstura Ostiensis_, ii, 335.

_Quatremere de Quincy_, i, 209.

_Quatuorviri_, i, 406.

_Quinctilian_, his saying on Cicero, iii, 94; on Cornelius Gallus, 138; restorer of good taste in Rome, 186, 228; on Domitian, 210; has a pension from him, 210.

_Quinctilis_, month, called July, iii, 114.

_Quinctilius_, brother of Claudius Gothicus, iii, 288, _note_.

_Quinctius_, see Cincinnatus, Crispinus.

_Quinctius_, Cæso, son of Cincinnatus, offers the most violent resistance to the _lex Terentilia_, i, 280; prosecuted on the _Lex Junia_, 281; leaves the town, 281; his death, 284.

_Quinqueremes_ in the Macedonian, Sicilian, and Punic fleets, ii, 12; manned with three hundred rowers, and hundred and twenty marines, 13.

_Quirinal Hill_, iii, 223.

_Quirites_, the name wrongly adopted as a common one of the united Romans and Sabines, i, 123.

_Quirium_, name of the Sabine town, i, 129.

R

_C. Rabirius_, iii, 106.

_Radagaise_ besieges Florence, iii, 331; forced back by Stilicho into the Apennines, 331.

_Rafaelle_, iii, 299.

_Ramnes_, name of the Latin tribe, i, 124.

_Ranks_, their line of demarcation formed by landed or moneyed property, iii, 4.

_Rape_ of the Sabines, i, 117; their number, 117.

_Rasena_, original name of the Etruscans, i, 142, _note_.

_Rastadt_, murder of the French ambassadors, ii, 139.

_Raudii_, see Campi.

_Ravenna_, built on islands, iii, 333.

_Rea Silvia_, mother of Romulus, i, 112; Rea is a cognomen, 112; changed into a goddess, made the wife of the god Anio, 112.

_Rebellio_, instead of _rebellis_, iii, 245.

_Regifugium_, i, 198.

_Regillus_, battle, the account of it poetical, i, 218; its date not fixed, 219.

_Regillus_, M. Æmilius, at the head of a fleet against Antiochus, ii, 175; battle of Myonnesus, 175.

_Regions_ of Servius Tullius, i, 173.

_Regions_ of Rome, iii, 123; of Italy, 124.

_Regulus_, M. Atilius, consul, goes to Africa, ii, 20; battle of Adis, 21; takes Tunis and encamps near the river Bagradas 21; character, 21; conquered by Xanthippus, 23; legends concerning his death, 25; seem to have been taken from Nævius, 26.

_Reichardt_, his map of Italy thoroughly bad, i, 77.

_Reimarus_, Herm. Sam. editor of Dio Cassius, i, 66; iii, 127.

_Reiske_, J. J., his qualities, i, 42; his edition of Dionysius of Halicarnassus, 42.

_Reiz_, F. W., i, 73.

_Remi_, the most distinguished people among the Belgians, iii, 44; seem to have intrigued with the Romans, 44.

_Removal_, from the _tribus rusticæ_ to the _urbanæ_, a _nota ignominiæ_, i, 174.

_Remuria_, a hill three miles south of Rome, i, 114; town on that hill, 114; Pelasgian, 116.

_Remus_, i, 113; according to some on the Aventine, according to others on the Remuria, 114; his end, 115; personification of the plebeians, 129.

_Reno_, river, iii, 91.

_Representation_, based on districts of towns, i, 157.

_Republic_, has the duty of providing for its members, ii, 295; restored in Rome after Caligula’s death, iii, 180.

_Republics_, in confederate republics similarity of constitution has no influence whatever on their mutual support, i, 237; drawbacks, 259; their forms sometimes a mere phantom, 279.

_Resolutions_ of the people were to be carried before sunset, i, 270.

_Responsa prudentum_, given in the name of the emperor acquire real authority, iii, 231.

_Revenue_, tenths and fifths, i, 254.

_Rhætians_, of Etruscan race, i, 145, 370; iii, 151; their abodes, 151; stand their ground against the Gauls, i, 368.

_Rhegium_, i, 459; occupied by a mutinous Campanian legion, 567, 572; massacre, 573; besieged by the Romans, 573; conquered, 573.

_Rhetoricians_, Greek, their influence upon Roman literature, iii, 184, 227; in the second century, 235.

_Rhianus_, in his poem on Messene, clashes with Pausanias and Tyrtæus, i, 13.

_Rhine_, the population along its banks German, iii, 203.

_Rhodes_ free, friend of the Romans, ii, 145; friend with Alexandria, 148; defends Ptolemy Epiphanes, 148; great and powerful, 151; against Antiochus, 167; their fleet defeated by the Syrians, 173; has the best seamen of the age, 173; its wealth, 183; thoroughly respectable, 183; tries to mediate between Rome and Perseus, 212; peace with Rome, 219; faithful to the Romans in the war of Mithridates, 364; besieged by Mithridates, 364; taken by Cassius, iii, 96; earthquake, 237.

_Rhone_, has its mouth choked up with silt, iii, 327.

_Ricimer_, iii, 342; a Sueve of royal race, 343; treachery to Marjorian, 344; conquers Rome, 346; dies, 346.

_Rienzi_ is said to have read all the books of the ancients, i, 79.

_Right of community_, i, 165.

_Robespierre_, very likely had no purpose whatever, ii, 236.

_Roche Blanche_, ii, 78.

_Rollin’s_ Roman history, i, 72.

_Roma_, a small place on the Palatine, i, 110; its name Greek, place of strength, 110; Pelasgian, 116.

_Romances_ on Charlemagne, i, 87.

_Roman empire_, its extent at the end of the seventh century of the town, iii, 1.

_Roman history_, existed from about the period of the secessio, i, 203; its sources destroyed by the Gallic conquest, 202; the same events very often recur again, 216; becomes general history, ii, 251.

_Roman law_ distinctive with regard to the rights of persons and things, i, 295.

_Romans_ by no means barbarians previous to the time when they learned from the Greeks, i, 15; unite with the Sabines, 118, 122; pay tithe to the Etruscans, 212; their laws not borrowed from those of Athens, 295; their hypocrisy, 424; their practice in sieges still in its very infancy, 473; fight with the pilum and the sword, 507; tactics, 530; treat their allies with more honour than other peoples, 572; never served in foreign armies, 577; their perseverance, ii, 11; build a fleet after the model of a Carthaginian quinquereme, 13, 38; their fleet destroyed in the Mediterranean by storm, 25, 27; always learn from their enemy, 30, _note_; lose a large merchant fleet, 34; embassy to the Achaians and Ætolians, 48; to Athens, 48; to Corinth, 48; get a part in the Isthmian games, 48; receive from the Athenians isopolity and admission to the Eleusinian mysteries, 49; awful liars when they want to lay the blame upon their enemies, 65; show themselves unskilful at the beginning of every great war, 74; in many respects slaves established usage, 82; example of their discipline, 84; their system of tactics the worst when the troops were not well trained, the best with practised soldiers, 88; would not ostensibly deviate from their principles, 118; their religion was not mythology, but theology, 194; universally hated, 204; their policy truly Macchiavellian, 207; their laws did not apply to the allies, 282; their art of war in Cæsar’s time, 326; conduct the Social war with troops of all nations, 353; murdered in Asia Minor, 363.

_Rome_, sister town to Antium and Ardea, i, 116, 223; the commemoration of the foundation of the city held in April, 117; formerly supposed to have been an Etruscan colony, 148; was under the last kings the capital of a mighty empire, 152; consisted originally very likely of three tribes, of a hundred clans each, 161; all the primary agencies in nature and in the world of intellect designated as male and female, 169; the liberties of the old town extended about one German mile on the road leading to Alba, 170; the oldest town consists of about a thousand households, 175; the boundary in the second period of the Volscian war on the other side of Tusculum, 275; census at the period of the Gallic calamity, 375; conquest by the Gauls, and fire of the town, 380; the summer in Rome pestilential, 380; pays its ransom to the Gauls probably from the treasure on the Capitol, 382; advantages of its situation, 386; tradition of the weakened state of Rome, 309; census after the first Punic war, dispute about it between Hume and Wallace, ii, 53; difficulty of besieging Rome, 94; unhealthy air, 94; after the war of Hannibal freedmen received as citizens, 187; standing army, 188; language in Rome at the end of the Republic, iii, 106; division in fourteen regions, 123; fire under Nero, 190; under Titus, 209; literary opposition to Carthage, 234; the thousandth anniversary of the city, 271; a great number of Christians among the middle classes, 273; fortified by Aurelian, the walls in a very bad state under Honorius, 330; besieged by Alaric, 333; laid in ashes, 334; conquered by Genseric, 342; taken by Ricimer, 345.

_Romulus_, his wondrous birth an historical impossibility, i, 81; the same his removal from the earth during an eclipse of the sun, 81; belongs, as son of Mars, to the cycle of the gods, 85; a personification of Rome, 85; legends, 111.

_Romulus Augustulus_, emperor, iii, 346.

_Rorarii_, i, 441.

_Rostra_ stood between the comitium and the forum, i, 270; _vetera_ and _nova_, iii, 162.

_Royal races_, of the Greek are dissolved into γένη ἀρχικὰ, i, 204.

_Royalist party_ in Rome continued long time after the expulsion of the Tarquinii, i, 225.

_Royal dignity_, its abolition decreed by a _Lex curiata_, i, 201.

_Rubicon_, very likely in the neighbourhood of Cesena, iii, 53.

_Q. Rubrius_, tribune, ii, 285; very likely triumvir for the establishing of colonies, 301.

_Rufinus_, P. Cornelius, covetous, removed from the senate, i, 548.

_Rufinus_, præfectus prætorio, favourite of Theodosius, iii, 322; receives the government of the East, 328; murdered, 328.

_Rufus_, see Cælius.

_Rullus_, Servilius, moves for establishing a colony in Capua, iii, 34.

_P. Rupilius_, consul, puts an end to the servile war in Sicily, ii, 265.

_Russia_ and Persia make war against each other for a couple of months every year on the frontiers of Georgia, i, 350.

_Rusticus_, Arulenus, writes the life of Pætus Thrasea, iii, 218.

_Rusticus_, see Fabius.

_Rusticus_, Junius, tutor of M. Antoninus, iii, 239.

_Rutilius_, i, 36.

_F. Rutilius_, legate of Metellus in Africa, ii, 321; an honest man, but condemned by the evidence of false witnesses, 341.

_P. Rutilius Lupus_, general against Pompædius Silo, killed in battle, ii, 356.

_Rutilus_, see Marcius.

_Ryckius_, Theodore, treatise on Æneas, i, 94.

S

_Sabellus_ and _Sabinus_, synonymous, except that according to usage the name of Sabellians is given to the whole nation, and that of Sabines to a small district, i, 341; Sabines in the last half of the third century often seen as enemies of the Romans, 342; victory of Valerius and Horatius, 342; isopolity established between them, 342; emigration towards the South leaves off, 343; take no active share in the contest of the Romans and Latines, 438; isopolity, 572; great part of them receive the full right of citizenship, ii, 185.

_Sabines_, call themselves aborigines, push on the Opicans, i, 98; come according to Cato from Amiternum, 99; unite with the Romans, 118, 122; become one of the greatest peoples of Italy, 120; very likely they came only at a later period into the country afterwards occupied by them, 121; leagued with Rome under Servius Tullius, 186; allied with Rome under Sp. Cassius, 248; war against them, 323; declare for the Samnites, 534; conquered, 535.

_Sabines_, rape of the S., poetical, i, 81.

_Sabine_ chapels on the Quirinal, i, 122.

_Sabine town_ on the Quirinal and Capitolinus, i, 121.

_Sabine_ element in the Roman worship, i, 122.

_Sabinus_, T. Flavius, brother of Vespasian, præfect of Rome, iii, 200.

_Sacchetti_, Francesco, novel, i, 67.

SACRA FAMILIARUM, unknown to the Romans, i, 161.

SACRA GENTILITIA, i, 161; could only be offered in Rome, 263.

SACRAMENTUM, i, 317.

_Sacranians_, name of the conquering people at the popular migration in Latium, i, 103; the name explained, 103; unite with the Siculians under the name of _Prisci Latini_, 104.

_Sacriportus_, battle, ii, 381.

_Sacrovir_, Julius, rising against Tiberius, iii, 202.

_Sæcula_ of the Etruscans, two sorts of them, i, 83; astronomical ones of a hundred and ten years, 83; nearly correspond to a hundred thirty years of ten months, 84; physical sæculum, 84.

_Sagax_, his continuation of Eutropius, i, 66.

_Saguntum_, Livy fancies that it lay East of the Ebro, ii, 69; Polybius knows nothing of the fact that it was to remain independent, 69; its siege did not happen in the year 534, but in 533, 71; was perhaps not purely Iberian, but Tyrrhenian, 71; the derivation from Zacynthus probably originated only from its name, 71; conquered, destroyed by the inhabitants themselves, 72.

_Sailors_, levied from the _capite censi_, ii, 33.

_Salapia_, an Apulian town, taken by Hannibal, recovered by the Romans, ii, 120.

_Salarian gate_, iii, 334.

_Salassians_ may have been a Gallic people, i, 365; Ligurians, 370; ii, 81; iii, 151.

_Salernum_, it is doubtful whether it was Roman after the second Samnite war, i, 504.

_Salii_, brotherhoods on the Quirinal, i, 131.

_Salinator_, Julius, ii, 399, _note_.

_Sallentines_, war against the Romans, i, 511; allied with the Romans against Cleonymus, 511; acknowledge Rome’s supremacy, 571; fall off after the battle of Cannæ, ii, 107; conf. Messapians.

_Sallust_, writes detached parts of Roman history, i, 36; the histories begin from the time after Sylla’s death, 37; had an uncommon acquaintance with the old constitution, 224; his war of Jugurtha, ii, 307; reproached with malignity, but he is not sinning against truth, 313; _historiæ_, 391; the number of the books of the histories uncertain, 397; probably went down from the war of Lepidus to the end of the war of Pompey in Asia, 397; the _historiæ_ were his last, Catiline the first, of his works, 397; has written the history of Catiline with great truthfulness, iii, 12; ill-treated by the soldiers 66; his style, 127; considerably younger than Cicero, 127.

_Sallustius_, præfectus prætorio, iii, 314.

_Salluvians_ or _Salyans_, war against the Ligurians, ii, 307; conf. Salyans.

_Salonius_, i, 434.

_Salvian_, iii, 326; socialist views, 326; description of Carthage, 338.

_Salvius_, see Otho.

_Salyans_, war against them, ii, 200; see Salluvians.

_Samaritans_, iii, 230.

_Sambre_, battle, iii, 44.

_Samnites_, do not oppress the old Oscan people, but combine into one whole with them, i, 153; make conquests on the upper Liris, 410; league with Rome, 412; form a confederation of four peoples, Pentrians, Caudinians, Hirpinians, and Frentanians, 419; conquer Cumæ, 420; constitution, 421; their spread on the Liris was the cause which in 412 first engaged the Romans and Samnites in a war together, 422; attack the Sidicinians at Teanum, 423; peace, 436; allied with Rome in the battle of Veseris, 438; embassy to Alexander the Great, 469; friendly with the Greeks, 472; division of the second Samnite war, 474; had dependencies, 476; defeated by Fabius in the neighbourhood of Subiaco, 481; seek for peace, 485; conquered by Fabius, 485; again for peace, 485; looked upon by the Greeks as a Spartan colony, 489, _note_; ornament of their arms, 501; very likely had subsidies from Tarentum, 502; held Lucania in check, 502; lead a guerilla war, 503; the second war ended by the battle of Bovianum, 504; peace, 505; carry the war into Etruria, 526; end of the war, 534; peace, 534; embassy to Pyrrhus in Epirus, 557; their country laid waste, 560; conquered by Sp. Carvilius and L. Papirius, 569; peace, 569; in the service of Agathocles, 577; fall off from Rome after the battle of Cannæ, ii, 107; revolt in the Social war, 352; the Oscan the prevailing language among them, 353; end of the war, they receive the right of citizenship, 374; all but exterminated by Sylla, 385, 394.

_Samnite people_ sprang from Sabine stock, i, 120; tradition of the founding of their country, 121.

_Samos_ belonging to Egypt, ii, 145.

_Samothrace_, metropolis of Ilium, i, 96; their mysteries a gathering point of many men, 96; their worship akin to that of the Penates at Lavinium, ii, 214.

_Sanchoniathon_, his fragments genuine, ii, 1.

_Sancus_, Semo, his temple, i, 137.

_Sandwich-islanders_, their poetical traditions, i, 12, _note_.

_Sannio_, Pulcinella, earliest mention of this mask, ii, 352.

_Santafedists_ in Naples were Lazzaroni, i, 513.

_Sapor_, king of Persia, iii, 279, 305, 307, 309.

_Saracens_, etymology, iii, 281; the name occurs long before Mohammed, 281.

_Saragossa_, founded, iii, 150.

_Sardinia_, subject to the rule of the Carthaginians, except the highlands, ii, 5; the way of living of the inhabitants the same to this day, 5; on the coast the Punic language and manners spread, 16; attack of the Romans, 16; submits to the Romans, 46; given up by the Carthaginians to the Romans, 46; refuse obedience, 52.

_Sarmates_, i, 370; break through the Roman frontier, iii, 242; uncertain whether they dwelt on the middle, or the lower Danube, 268; war of Maximin against them, 268; that of Probus, 288; their abodes, 300; Constantine’s wars, 300.

_Sarmatian peoples_, great move among them on the Dniepr, ii, 204; driven back over the Danube, iii, 151.

_Sarsinates_, acknowledge the supremacy of Rome, i, 571.

_Sarti_, i, 240.

_Saticula_, in the neighbourhood of Capua besieged by the Romans, i, 494; fortified, 497.

_Satricum_, i, 494.

_Saturn_, with him the first step of civilization begins, i, 110; Saturnus and Ops, deities of the generating powers, 169.

_Saturnia_, Siculian town on the Capitoline, i, 121.

_Saturnian verse_, i, 90; examples of it in Charisius, 90, and _note_; worked up in Plautus to a high degree of beauty, 90.

_Saturnian year_, consisted of thirty common years, i, 106; hundred Saturnians a grand year, 106.

_Saturninus_, L. Antonius, rising against Domitian in Germania Superior, iii, 213.

_Saturninus_, L. Apuleius, character, ii, 335; deposed from the quæstorship, 335; becomes a tribune of the people, 335; behaves in the most savage manner, 335; his legislation, 336; flatters Marius, 336; demands that the senate should swear to his _Lex agraria_, 337; killed, 340; his laws seem to have been repealed, 340.

_Saturninus_, Sentius, against Marbod, iii, 155.

_Savigny_, i, 73, _note_, 120; on land-tax, iii, 229, 301.