Part 21
the ox; _e.g._ Wolgast (the oxen’s shed); Wohlau (an enclosure for oxen), a town in Prussia which carries on a great trade in cattle; Wollin (the place of oxen), at the mouth of the R. Oder.
[Sidenote: WOLSCHA, or OELZA (Sclav.),]
the alder-tree; _e.g._ Wolschau, Wolschen, Wolsching, Wolschinka (the place abounding in alders); the Sclavonic name for the R. Elster is _Wolshinka_ (the river of alders); Oels, in Silesia, on the Oelse (alder-tree stream); Oelsen and Olsenice (the village of alder-trees); Olsnitz (the town on Elster, or alder stream).
[Sidenote: WOLV, or WOL,]
a prefix sometimes employed with reference to the wolf, as in Wolvesley (the wolves’ island), where a tribute of wolves’ heads was paid annually by the Britons to the Saxons, by order of King Edgar. Sometimes as a contraction for _wold_ (the waste land), as in Wolford, Wolborough, Woldingham, Wooler, and in Woolverton; but it comes often also from a personal name, as in Wolfhamcote, Wulferlow, Wolferton (from Ulp or Wulfhern).
[Sidenote: WORTH, or WEORTHING (A.S.),]
a farm, manor, or estate, a place warded or protected, A.S. _warian_ (to defend); cognate with the Ger. _warid_ or _werder_; _e.g._ Worthing in Sussex, Worthen in Salop, Worthy and Worting in Hants, Worthington in Lancashire (the farm or manor); Highworth (high manor); Kenilworth (the estate of Kenelm); Bosworth (of Bosa); Edgeworth (the estate on the border); Edgeware, anc. _Edgeworth_, same meaning; Polwarth (the estate on the marshy land), a parish in Berwickshire; Ravenworth (the manor of Hrafen); Rickmansworth (of Rickman); Tamworth (the manor), on R. Tam; Wandsworth, on the R. Wandle; Worksworth (the place near the miner’s works); Chatsworth (the manor in the wood), Celtic _coed_; Hammersmith, corrupt. from _Hermoderworth_ (the manor of Hermode).
[Sidenote: WURZE (Ger.), WYRT (A.S.),]
an herb, a plant; _wyrtun_, a garden; _e.g._ Wurtzburg, anc. _Herbipolis_ (the city of plants); Wortley (the place or field of herbs); Warton (the garden).
Y
[Sidenote: YEN (Chinese),]
salt; _e.g._ Yen-shan (salt hill); Yen-yuen (salt spring).
[Sidenote: YENI (Turc.),]
new; _e.g._ Yenidja-Vardar (the new fortress), anc. _Pella_; Yenidya-Carasu (the new place on the black water); Yenikale (the new castle); Yenikhan (new inn); Yeniseisk (the new town on the R. Yenisei); Yenishehr (the new dwelling); Yeni-Bazar (new market); Yenikoi (new village); Yeni-Hissar (new castle).
Z
[Sidenote: ZAB (Ar.),]
a fountain; _e.g._ Great and Little Zab, in Turkey.
[Sidenote: ZARNY, or CZERNY (Sclav.),]
black; _e.g._ Zschorne (black town); Sornosche-Elster, _i.e._ the black R. Elster; Zschornegosda (black inn); Zarnowice, Zarnowitz, Sarne, Sarnow, Sarnowo, Sarnaki (black village).
[Sidenote: ZERENY, or CZERENY (Sclav.),]
red; _e.g._ Tscherna (the red river); Tscherniz or Zerniz (red town); Tzernagora (red mountain).
[Sidenote: ZERKWA (Sclav.),]
a Greek church, from the Grk. _kuriake_; a Romish church in their language is called _kosciol_; a Protestant church, _zbor_; _e.g._ Zerkowo, Zerkowitz, Zerkwitz (the town of the Greek church).
[Sidenote: ZETTEL (Sclav.),]
from _sedal_ (Ger.), a seat or settlement; _e.g._ Brockzettel (the settlement or seat on the broken-up land); Endzettel (the settlement at the corner); Weinzettel (the wine settlement).
[Sidenote: ZI (Old Fr.),]
a habitation; _e.g._ Sussi (the habitation on high ground); Issy (the dwelling, _here_, or on low ground); Passy (the dwelling near the boat--_bac_ or _bad_).
INDEX
_A few Names which do not occur in the body of the Work are explained in the Index._
A
Abbeville, 4
Abbeyfeale, 4
Abbeyleix and Abbeyshrule, 4
Abyssinia, named from the Rivers Abai and Wabash, or, according to Bruce, from _habish_ (mixed), _i.e._ the country of the mixed races
Acapulca, 9
Acre, anc. _Accho_, Ar. the sultry or sandy shore
Adelsberg, the nobles’ fortress
Aden, Ar. a paradise
Afium-kara-hissar, Turc. the black castle of opium
Agades, the enclosure
Agde, in France, Grk. _Agathos_, the good place, founded by Greeks from Marseilles
Aghrim, or Aughrim, 67
Agosta, Lat. _Augusta_
Agra, 2
Airdrie, 10
Aix, 9
Aix-la-Chapelle, 9
Akerman, Turc. (white castle)
Akhalzk, new fortress
Alabama, the land of rest
Alagous Bay (abounding in lakes)
Aland, water land
Albania, 7
Albert, in Cape Colony, named after the Prince Consort
Albuera, Ar. the lake
Albuquerque, Lat. the white oak-tree
Alcala, Ar. the castle, 114
Alcantara, 6
Alcarez, Ar. the farm
Aldershott, 107
Alemtayo (beyond the R. Tagus)
Aleutian Islands, the bold rocks
Alexandria and Alexandretta, named after Alexander the Great
Alexandria, in Cape Colony, in honour of Queen Victoria
Alexandria, in Italy, after Pope Alexander III.
Alhama, 100
Alleghany Mountains, from a tribe
Alloa, the way to the sea
Almaden, Ar. the mine
Almanza, Ar. the plain
Almanzor, Ar. victorious
Almeida, Ar. the table
Altona, called by the Hamburgians _All-zu-nah_, _i.e._ (all too near), in allusion to its vicinity to Hamburg
Alyth, the ascent or slope
America, named after the Florentine adventurer Amerigo-Vespucci
Angora, anc. Ancyra
Annam (the place of the South)
Anstruther, 179
Antrim (at the elder trees)
Antwerp, 208
Aoasta, Lat. _Augusta_
Apennine Mountains, 154
Appenzel, 4
Appleby, 37
Applecross, 3
Aranjues, Lat. _Ara Jovis_, the altar of Jove
Aravali Mountain, the hill of strength
Arbois, anc. _Arborosa_, the woody place
Arbroath, 3
Archangel, named in honour of the Archangel Michael
Archipelago, the chief sea
Arcos, anc. _Argobriga_, the town on the bend
Ardeche, now Ardoix, in France, from _ardoise_, slate
Ardee, in Ireland, on the R. Dee, now the Nith
Ardeen and Ardennes, 10, 11
Ardfert, 10
Ardrossan, 10
Argos, the plain
Argyle, 150
Arles, Cel. _Ar-laeth_, the marshy land
Armagh, _i.e._ _Ardmacha_, Macha’s height
Armorica, 143
Arras, named from the _Atrebates_
Arthur Seat, in Edinburgh, Gael. _Ard-na-said_, _i.e._ the height of the arrows, meaning a convenient ground to shoot from
Ascension Island, so named because discovered on Ascension Day
Asperne, 11
Aspropotamo, Modern Grk. (the white river)
Assouan, Ar. the opening at the mouth of the Nile
Astrakan, named after a Tartar king
Astura R., 199
Asturias, 12
Attica, Grk. the promontory
Aubusson, 36
Auch, named after the _Ausci_, a tribe
Auchinleck, 5
Auckland, 5
Audlem, 7
Augsburg, 35
Aurillac, supposed to have been named after the Emperor Aurelian
Auriol, anc. _Auriolum_, the golden or magnificent
Austerlitz, 151
Australia, the southern land
Austria, 164
Autun, 69
Auvergne, the high country, 11
Ava, or Awa, named from _angwa_, a fish-pond
Avignon, 14
Avranches, named from the _Abrincatui_
Awe, Loch, 2
Azores Isles, Port. the islands of hawks
B
Baalbec, 15
Babelmandeb Strait, 15
Bactria, Pers. the east country
Badajos, corrupt. from Lat. _Pax Augusta_
Baden, 15
Baffin’s Bay, named in honour of the discoverer
Bagdad, 16
Bahar, corrupt. from _Vihar_, a Buddhist monastery
Bahia, Port. the bay, 16
Bahr-el-Abiad, 17
Bahrein, 17
Baikal, the rich sea
Baireuth, 162
Bakewell, 162
Bakhtchisarai, the palace of the gardens
Bala (river head), in Wales
Balachulish, 17
Balaclava, 21
Bala-Ghauts, 18
Bala-hissar, 18
Balasore, 18
Balbriggan, Brecan’s bridge
Balearic Isles, because their inhabitants were skilful in the use of the sling (_Balla_, Grk. to throw)
Balfour, 17
Balkan, 18
Balkh, 18
Ballantrae, the dwelling on the sea-shore, 196
Ballater, 125
Ballina, corrupt. from _Bel-atha_, ford mouth, 21
Ballingry, the town of the king--_v._ BAILE
_Note._--For Scotch or Irish names beginning with _bal_ or _bally_, _v._ BAILE or BEAL, pp. 17 and 21
Ballintra, 196
Balloch, 22
Ballycastle, castle-town--_v._ 17
Ballymena, 17
Ballymoney, 17
Ballyshannon, 22
Balmaghie, 18
Balmaklellan, the town of the Maclellans, 18
Balmerino, 17
Balmoral, 17
Balquhidder, the town at the back of the country
Balta and Baltia, the country of the belts or straits, the ancient name of Scandinavia, 18
Banbury, 35
Banchory, the fair valley
Banchory-Devenick and Banchory-Ternan, named in honour of two saints who lived there
Banda-Oriental, the eastern bank of the Rio-de-la-Plata
Banff, 34
Bangor, 23
Banjarmassin, from _bender_, a harbour, and _masing_, usual, or from _banjer_, water, and _massin_, salt
Banks Islands and Banks Land, named in honour of Sir Joseph Banks
Bantry, Ir. _Beantraighe_, _i.e._ belonging to the descendants of Beann, of the royal race of Ulster
Barbadoes, Port. the island of pines
Barbary, the country of the Berbers
Barbuda, the island of the bearded men, so named by the Portuguese
Barcelona, named from Hamilcar Barca, who founded it
Bardhwan, Pers. the thriving place
Bardsey, 72
Barfleur, 81
Bar-le-Duc, 19
Barnstaple, 152
Barrow, 19
Barrow Strait, named in honour of Sir John Barrow
Barton, 194
Basque Provinces, from _bassoco_, a mountaineer, or, according to Humboldt, from _basoa_, a forest
Bass Strait, named after Bass, a navigator
Basse Terre, low land
Bassora, or Bozra, the fortress
Batavia, 108
Bath, 16
Battersea, 71
Battle and Buittle, 27
Bautzen, 33
Bavaria, the country of the Boii
Bayeux, named from the _Bajoccas_, a tribe
Bayonne, 17
Beachy Head, 19
Beauley and Beaulieu, 21
Beaumaris, 21
Beauvais, named from the _Bellovacii_
Bedford, 82
Bednore, 151
Beersheba, 20
Behring Strait, so named by Captain Cook in honour of Behring, a Russian navigator
Beinn, Ben, etc., a mountain, 22
Beira, Port. the river-bank
Beja, corrupt. from the Lat. _Pax-Julia_
Belfast, 22
Belgium, named from the Belgae
Belgrade, 21
Belize, named after a person called Wallace
Bell Rock or Inch Cape, a reef of rocks south-east from Arbroath, so called from the lighthouse which was erected on it in 1811, previous to which the monks of Arbroath caused a bell to be suspended upon it so as to be rung by the waves, and thus give warning to mariners
Belleisle, 21
Bellie, the mouth of the ford
Belper, 21
Beluchistan, 182
Benares, named from the names of the two rivers on which it is situated
Bender, etc., 23
Beni, etc., 23
Benin, corrupt. from Lat. _benignus_, blessed
Berbice, at the mouth of the R. Berbice
Berdiansk, 176
Berg and its derivatives, 23
Bergamo, on a hill
Berhampore, 160
Berkeley, 25
Berkshire, 25
Berlin, perhaps from Sclav. _berle_, uncultivated ground, but uncertain
Bermudas Isles, named after the discoverer Juan Bermudez
Berriew, corrupt. from _Aber-Rhiw_, at the mouth of the R. Rhiw, in Wales, 3
Bervie, 112
Berwick, 209
Berwyn, 19
Beveland, 122
Beverley, 25
Bewdley, 21
Beyrout, 20
Bhagulpore, 160
Bhurtpore, 160
Bicester, corrupt. from _Birincester_, _i.e._ the fortress of Birin, Bishop of Gloucester
Bideford, by the ford
Biela-Tsorkov, white church
Bielgorod, white fortress
Bielorietzk, 176
Biggar, the soft land
Bilbao, under the hill
Bingley, the field of Bing, the original proprietor
Bir, 20
Birkdale, the birch valley
Birkenhead and Birkhampstead, 25
Birmingham, 99
Biscaya and Bay of Biscay, named from the Basques, which, according to Humboldt, means forest dwellers
Bishop-Auckland, so called from the number of oaks that grew here, and from the manor having belonged to the bishops of Durham
Black Sea, perhaps so called from its frequent storms and fogs. The Greeks called it Euxine, from _euxinos_, hospitable, disliking its original name, Axinos, inhospitable
Blaen and its derivatives, 26
Blair and its derivatives, 26
Blantyre, the warm retreat
Bodmin, 27
Bohemia, 100
Bois-le-Duc, the duke’s wood
Bokhara, the treasury of sciences, the chief town in a state of the same name
Bolivia, named after its liberator Bolivar
Bologna and Boulogne, named from the Boii
Bombay, named after an Indian goddess Bombé, but translated by the Portuguese into _Bom-bahia_, good bay
Bordeaux, 9
Bornholm, 127
Borovsk, 28
Borrowstounness, 145
Bosphorus, Grk. the passage of the bull
Bourges, named from the _Bituriges_
Brabant, 18
Bramapootra R., the offspring of Brahma
Brazil, named from the colour of its dye-woods, _braza_, Port. a live coal
Breadalbane, 29
Brecknock, the hill of Brecon or Brychan, a Welsh prince
Breda, 29
Breslaw, named after King _Vratis-law_
Breton, Cape, discovered by mariners from Brittany
Bridgenorth, 31
Bridgewater, 31
Brieg, 29
Brighton, corrupt. from _Brighthelmston_, from a personal name
Bristol, 183
Britain: the Cym.-Cel. root _brith_, to paint, is supposed by some to be the root of the word; the British poets called it _Inis gwyn_, white island, which answers to the Roman name _Albion_
Brixton, 31
Brodick, 209
Brody, 30
Brooklyn, in New York, Dutch, the broken-up land
Bruges, 31
Brunswick, 172
Brussels, 30
Brzesce-Litewski, 28
Bucharest, the city of enjoyment
Buckingham, a tribe name, or the dwelling among beeches, 33
Buda, 33
Budweis, 33
Buenos-Ayres, 28
Builth, 8
Bungay, 95
Burgos, 36
Burslem, Burward’s dwelling in the clayey soil, _leim_
Bury, 34
Bushire, 174
Bute, 33
Buttermere, 136
Buxton, 33
C
Cabeza-del-Buey, 117
Cabrach, the timber-moss, a parish in Co. Banff
Cader-Idris, the chair of Idris, in Wales
Cadiz, 86
Cahors, named from the _Cadurci_
Cairo, Ar. _Al-kahirah_, the victorious
Calahorra, 114
Calais, 39
Calatayud, 114
Calcutta, 88
California is supposed to have taken its name from an old romance, in which this name was given to an imaginary island filled with gold, and Cortes applied the name to the whole district
Callander, the corner of the water--_v._ DUR
The Calf of Man. The word _calf_ was frequently used by the Norsemen for a smaller object in relation to a larger--_i.e._ the small island off Man
Calvados, named from one of the vessels of the Spanish Armada, wrecked on the coast of France
Cambay, anc. _Khumbavati_, the city of the pillar
Cambuskenneth, 39
Canada, Ind. _Kannahta_, a collection of huts
Candahar, named after Alexander the Great
Candia, Ar. _Khandæ_, the trench island
Cannes, 40
Cannoch, _i.e._ _cann_, bright, and _oich_, water, the ancient name of the spot on which Conway Castle stands
Canopus was called by the Egyptians the city of Kneph, a god
Cantal, the head of the rock, 41
Canton, _i.e._ _Kwang Chou_, the metropolis
Cantyre or Kintyre, 45
Capri and Caprera, the islands of wild goats
Cardigan, named after its ancient king Ceredig, and is therefore corrupted from _Ceredigion_
Carew, 38
Carlingford, 39
Carlisle, 38
Carlow, 129
Carlscroone, 118
Carlshamm, Charles’s haven, 97
Carluke, 39
Carmel, Heb. the fruitful field
Carmichael, 39
Carnac, 41
Carnatic, named from the _Carnates_, a tribe
Carniola, 41
Carolina, U.S., named after Charles II.
Caroline Isles, named after Carlos II. of Spain
Carpathian Mountains, from _Chrabat_, a mountain range
Carrantuohill, Ir. the reversed reaping-hook, the highest mountain in Ireland
Carthage, 86
Carthagena, 86
Casale, 42
Cashel, 42
Caspian Sea, named from the _Caspii_, a tribe
Cassel, 42
Castile, 42
Catania, Phœn. the little city
Cattegat, 88
Caucasus, 147
Cavan, 44
Caxamarca in Peru, the place of frost
Cefalu, 46
Cephalonia, 46
Cerigo, anc. _Cythera_, the harp-shaped
Cerro--_v._ SIERRA
Cevennes, 46
Ceylon, 65
Chambery, the bend of the water, on the R. Leysse, in France
Chamouni, 40
Champlain, named from the Governor-General of Canada in the seventeenth century
Charles Cape, named after Baby Charles in the reign of James I.
Charlestown, named after Charles II.
Chatham, 55
Chaumont, 39
Chelsea, 46
Chemnitz, 114
Chepstow, 47
Chester, 43
Cheviot Hills, 46
Chilham, 99
Chiltern Hills, 11
China, probably named from the dynasty of Thsin in the third century B.C.
Chippenham, 47
Chiusa, 116
Christchurch, in Hants, anc. _Twinam-burne_, between two streams, and afterwards named from a church and priory founded by the W. Saxons in the reign of Edward the Confessor
Christiana, named after Christian IV. of Sweden
Ciudad, 49
Civita-Vecchia, 49
Clackmannan, 49
Clameny, 109
Clare Co., 50
Cleveland, 50
Cleves, 50
Clifton, 50
Clitheroe, 50
Clogheen, 49
Clonakilty, 50
Clones, 50
Clontarf, 50
Closeburn, 48
Cloyne, 50
Coblentz, 54
Cochin, _kochi_, a morass
Cockburnspath, in Berwickshire, corrupt. from _Colbrand’s Path_
Cognac, the corner of the water
Coire or Chur, 56
Colberg, 31
Coleraine, 58
Colmar, Lat. _Collis-Martis_, the hill of Mars
Colombo, corrupt. from _Kalan-Totta_, the ferry on the Kalawa Ganga
Colonna, Cape, 117
Como, Lake, 54
Comorin, Cape, named from a temple to the goddess Durga
Compostella, Santiago de, corrupt. from _Sanctus Jacobus Apostolus_, so called from a legend that the Apostle James was buried there
Comrie, at the confluence of three rivers, in Perthshire, 53
Condé, 33
Congleton, 33
Connaught, anc. _Conaicht_, the territory of the descendants of Conn of the hundred battles
Connecticut, Ind. _Qunnitukut_, the country on the long river
Connemara, 144
Constance, Lake, 172
Copeland Isle, 47
Copenhagen, 47
Corbridge, 56
Cork, 54
Cornwall, 54
Coromandel, corrupt. from _Cholomandala_, the district of the _Cholas_, a tribe
Corrientes, Span. the currents
Corryvreckan, 52
Corsica, the woody
Corunna, corrupt. from _Columna_, the pillars, in allusion to a tower of Hercules
Cosenza, Lat. _Cosentia_, the confluence
Cotswold Hills, 52
Cottian Alps, named after a Celtic chief
Coutance and Cotantin, named after the Emperor Constantius
Coventry, 196
Cowal, in Ayrshire, named after King Coill
Cowes, 45
Cracow, the town of Krak, Duke of Poland
Cramond, 38
Crathie, 56
Cremona, anc. _Cremonensis-ager_, the field named from a tribe
Crewe, 56
Crewkerne, 56
Crieff, Gael. _Craobh_, a tree
Croagh-Patrick, 56
Croatia, 109
Cromar, the heart of Mar, a district in Aberdeenshire
Cronstadt, 118
Croydon, 70
CRUG, as prefix, 58
Cuença, Lat. _concha_, a shell
Cueva-de-Vera, 45
Culebra R., the snake river
Cumberland, 122
Cumbernauld, 53
Cumbraes Isles and Cumbrian Mountains, named after the _Cymbri_
Cundinamarca, named after an Indian goddess
Curaçoa, named from a kind of bird
Currie, 56
Cuzeo, the centre, in Peru
CWM, as prefix--_v._ 53, at COMBE
Cyclades Isles, Grk. _kuklos_, a circle
Cyprus, perhaps named from the herb _kupros_, with which it abounded, called by the Greeks _Cerastes_, the horned
Czernowitz, Sclav. black town
D
Dacca, Sansc. _Da-akka_, the hidden goddess, from a statue of Durga found there
Dantzic, Danish fort, 61
Daventry, 196
Daviot, 6
Dax, 9
Deal, 59
Deccan, Sansc. _Dakshina_, the south land
Delft, 62
Delhi, Sansc. _dahal_, a quagmire
Denbigh, 64
Denmark, 134
Deptford, 54
Derbend, the shut-up gates or the difficult pass
Derry or Londonderry, 61
Derwent R., 70
Desaguadero R., Span. the drain
Detmold, 64
Détroit, the strait between Lake St. Clair and Lake Erie
Devizes, anc. _de vies_, denoting a place where two ways met
Devonshire, 64
Dhawalagiri Mountain, 90
Dieppe, 54
Digne, 64
Dijon, 69
Dinan and Dinant, 54
Dingle, 58
Dingwall, 190
Dinkelsbuhl, 33
Dmitrov, the town of St. Demetrius
Dnieper R., _i.e._ _Don-ieper_, upper river
Dniester, _Don-iester_, lower river Don
Doab, 2
Dole, 59
Dolgelly, 60
Dominica Isle, so named because discovered on Sunday, _i.e._ _Dies Dominica_
Donagh, as prefix, 65
Dondra Head, 65
Donegall, 69
Donnybrook, 65
Doon R., 14
Dorchester, 44
Dorking, 70
Dornoch, 66
Dorset, 173
Dort or Dordrecht, 66
Douglas, 91
Douro R., 70
Dover, anc. _Dubris_, or anc. Brit. _Dufy-rraha_
Dovrefield Mountains, 78
Downpatrick, 68
Downs, The, 69
Drachenfels, 78
Drenthe, 18
Dresden, Sclav. _Drezany_, the haven
Dreux, named from the _Durocasses_
Drogheda, 66
Drohobicz, Sclav. the woody place
Droitwich, 209
Dromore, 67
Drontheim, 99
Dryburgh, 62
Dubicza, 68
Dublin, 126
Dubro, 57
Dumbarton, 68
Dumfries, 68
Dungeness, 145
Dunkirk, 70
Dunluce, 128
Dunse, now Duns, 70
Dunstable, 182
Durham, 106
Durrow, 62
Dynevor, 64
Dyrrachium, Grk. the place with the dangerous breakers, _Dus_ and _rachia_
Dysart, 63
E
Eaglesham, church hamlet
Ecclefechan, the church of St. Fechan
Eccleshall, 72
Ecija, 12
Ecuador, _i.e._ on the equator
Edessa, 73
Edfou, corrupt. from _Atbo_, the Coptic synonym for _Hut_, the throne of Horus
Edinburgh, 68
Edom, the red land
Egripo or Negropont, 159
Ehrenbreitstein, 181
Eichstadt, Ger. oak town
Eiger, the giant, in Switzerland
Eisenach, 74
Eisenberg, 74
Elbing, named from the river on which it stands
Elbœuf, 37
Elché, 109
Elgin, named after Helgyn, a Norwegian chief, about A.D. 927
Elimo or Elath, the trees
Elizabeth, county in New York, named from the daughter of James I.
Elizabethgrad, 94
Elmina, Ar. the mine
Elphin, Ir. _Aill-finn_, the rock of the clear spring
Elsinore, 150
Elster R., the alder-tree stream
Elstow, 183
Elvas, anc. _Alba_, Basque, the place on the steep hill, _alboa_
Ely, 71
Emden, 69
Empoli, corrupt. from the Lat. _emporium_, the market-place
Enkhuizen, 75
Ennis, 111
Enniskillen, 111
Eperies, Hung. the place of strawberries
Eperney, anc. _aquæ-perennes_, the ever-flowing water
Epinal, 177
Epping, 110
Epsom, 99
Erekli, anc. _Heraclea_
Erfurt, 83
Erith, 105
Erivan, Pers. _Rewan_, named after its founder
Erlangen, 75
Erlaw, 75
Errigal, Ir. _Airegal_, a small church
Erzeroom, corrupt. from _Arz-er-Room_, the fortress of the Romans
Eschwege, ash-tree road
Eschweiller, 6
ESGAIR--_v._ SKAFR, 175
Esk R., 198
Essek or Ossick, 211
Essex, 151
Estepa, 12
Estepona, 12
Esthonia, the district of the people of the East
Estremadura, Lat. _Estrema-Durii_, the extreme limits of the R. Douro
Etna, corrupt. from _attuna_, the furnace
Eton, 71
Eubœa, the well-tilled land
Euho or Yuho R., 105
Euphrates R., the fruitful, Ar. _Furat_, sweet water
Europe, Grk. _euros_ and _ops_, the broad face
Euxine, Grk. the hospitable, formerly _axinos_ the inhospitable sea
Evesham, 76
Evora, the ford, in Spain
Evreux, 9
Exeter, 44
F
Faenza, Lat. _Faventia_, the favoured
Fair Head and Fair Island, from _farr_, Scand. a sheep
Falaise, 78
Falkirk, 116
Famars, 77
Fano, 76
Fareham, 76
Farnham, 79
Faroe Islands, 71
Faulhorn, 108
Fazal, the beech-tree island, in the Azores
Femern, 11
Fermanagh, Ir. the men of Monagh
Fermoy, the men of the plain
Fernando Po, named after the discoverer
Ferney, 77
Ferns, 77
Ferrara, 84
Ferriby, 76
Ferrol, Span. _farol_, the beacon
Fetlar Isle, 72
Fez, Ar. fertile
Fife, said to be named from Feb, a Pictish chief
Figueras, Span. the fig-trees
Finisterre, Cape, and district, 190
Finster-Aar-horn, 107
Fintray and Fintry, 196
Fishguard, 87
Fiume, 81
Flamborough Head, anc. _Fleamburgh_, the flame hill or beacon hill
Flèche, La, named from the lofty spire of the church of St. Thomas
Fleetwood, 81
Flintshire, supposed to have derived its name from the abundance of quartz in the country
Flisk, the moist place, Gael. _fleasg_
Florence, Lat. _Florentia_, the flourishing
Florida, called by the Spaniards _Pascua-Florida_ because discovered on Easter Sunday
Flushing, 81
Fochabers, Gael. _Faichaber_, the plain of the confluence, but more anciently _Beulath_, the mouth of the ford
Foldvar, 81
Folkstone, the people’s fortress, Lat. _Lapis-populi_
Fondi, 81
Fontenay, 81
Fontenoy, 81
Fordyce, the south pasture
Forfar, supposed to have been named from a tribe, the _Forestii_
Forli, 83
Formentara, abounding in grain
Formosa, Span. the beautiful
Forth R., Scot. _Froch_, and Welsh _Werid_
Fossano, 81
Frankenstein, 181
Frankfort, 83
Frankfürt, 83
Fraubrunnen, 32
Frederickshald, 98
Freiburg, 84
Friesland, 122
Frische Haff, 97
Friuli, 84
Fuentarrabia, 82
Fühnen Isle or Odensey, 71
Fulham, 100
Funchal, a place abounding in _funcho_, Port. fennel
Fürth, 83
G
Gainsborough, the town of the _Ganii_, a tribe
Galapago Isles, Span. the islands of the water tortoises
Galashiels, 170
Galatia, 108
Galicia, 108
Galilee, Heb. a district
Galle, Point de, Cingalese, the rock promontory, _galle_
Galway, named from _Gaillimh_, rocky river, 86
Ganges R., 86
Garioch, 86
Garonne R., 86
Gateshead, 40
Gaza, Ar. a treasury
Gebirge--_v._ BERG, 24
Genappe, 89
Geneva, 89
Genoa, 90
Georgia, named after George III.
Ghauts Mountains, 88
Ghent, 89
Giant’s Causeway, 49
Gibraltar, 89
Giessbach, the rushing brook
Girgeh, St. George’s town, on the Nile
Girvan R., the short stream
Giurgevo, St. George’s town
Glamorgan, Welsh _Morganwg_, _i.e._ Gwlad-Morgan, the territory of Morgan-Mawr, its king in the tenth century, 143
Glarus, corrupt. from _St. Hilarius_, to whom the church was dedicated
Glogau, 92
Gloucester, 44
Gmünd, 89
Goat Fell, 78
Godalming, Godhelm’s meadow, in Surrey
Goes or Ter-Goes, at the R. Gosa
Gollnitz and Gollnow, 92
Goole, 86
Goritz, 93
Gorlitz, 93
Goslar, 122
Göttingen, a patronymic
Gouda, on the R. Gouwe
Gower, Welsh _Gwyr_, a peninsula in Wales, sloping west from Swansea--it may signify the land of the sunset
Grabow, 93
Gradentz, 94
Gran, on the R. Gran
Grasmere, the lake of swine
Gratz, 94
Gravelines, 93
Gravesend, 93
Greenland, 95
Greenlaw, 123
Greenock, 94
Greenwich, 209
Grenoble, 158
Gretna Green, 102
Grisnez, Cape, gray cape, 145
Grisons, Ger. _Graubünden_, the gray league, so called from the dress worn by the Unionists in 1424
Grodno, 94
Grongar--_v._ CAER, 38
Gröningen, a patronymic
Grossenhain, 97
Guadalquivir, 95
Guadiana, 95
Güben, Sclav. dove town
Gueret, Fr. land for tillage
Guienne, corrupt. from _Aquitania_
Gustrow, Sclav. guest town
Gwasanau, corrupt. from _Hosannah_, a place in North Wales. The name was given in allusion to the _Victoria-Alleluiatica_, fought on the spot in 420, between the Britons, headed by the Germans, and the Picts and Scots
H
Haarlem, 96
Hadersleben, 124
Haemus Mountain, 18
Hague, The, 97
Haguenau, 97
Hainan, Chinese, south of the sea, corrupt. from _Hai Lam_
Hainault, 88
Halicarnassus, Grk. _Halikarnassos_, sea horn place
Halifax, 103