Part 23
Salem, in U.S., intended by the Puritans to be a type of the New Jerusalem
Salford, 169
Salins, 169
Salisbury, 35
Salonica, corrupt. from _Thessalonica_
Salop, contracted from _Sloppesbury_, the Norman corruption of _Scrobbesbury_, the town among shrubs, now Shrewsbury--_v._ 34
Saltcoats, 55
Salzburg, 169
Samarcand, said to have been named after Alexander the Great
Samaria, the town of Shemir
Samos, Phœn. the lofty
Sandwich, 209
Sangerhausen--_v._ SANG
Sanquhar, 172
San Salvador, the Holy Saviour, the first land descried by Columbus, and therefore named by him from the Saviour, who had guarded him in so many perils
San Sebastian, the first Spanish colony founded in South America
Santa Cruz, 57
Santa Fé, the city of the holy faith, founded by Queen Isabella after the siege of Granada
Santander, named after St. Andrew
Saragossa, corrupt. from _Cæsarea Augusta_; its Basque name was _Saluba_, the sheep’s ford
Sarawak, Malay _Sarakaw_, the cove
Sarnow, 212
Saskatchewan, swift current, a river in British North America
Saul, in Gloucester--_v._ SALH, 169
Saul, Co. Down--_v._ SABHALL, 168
Saumur, anc. _Salmurium_, the walled building
Saxony, 170
Scala-nova, 39
Scalloway, 170
Scarborough, 175
Scawfell Mountain, 78
Schaffhausen, 102
Schemnitz, 114
Schichallion Mountain, Gael. _Ti-chail-linn_, the maiden’s pap
Schleswick, 209
Schmalkalden, 171
Schotturen, the Scotch Vienna, a colony of Scottish monks having settled there
Schreckhorn Mountain, 107
Schweidnitz, Sclav. the place of the cornel-tree
Schweinfurt, the ford of the Suevi
Schwerin, 172
Scilly Islands, the islands of the rock, _siglio_
Scinde, the country of the R. Indus or Sinde
Scratch meal Scar, in Cumberland--_v._ SKAER, 175
Scutari, in Albania, corrupt. from _Scodra_, hill town
Scutari, in Turkey, from _Uskudar_, Pers. a messenger, having been in remote periods, what it is to this day, a station for Asiatic couriers
Sebastopol, 158
Sedlitz, 174
Segovia, anc. _Segubia_, probably the plain on the river-bend; _ce_, a plain, and _gubia_, a bend
Selby, 173
Selinga, 173
Semipalatinsk, 152
Senlis, 173
Sens, named from the _Senones_
Seringapatam, 153
Settle, 173
Seville, Phœn. _Sephala_, a marshy plain
Sevres, named from the two rivers which traverse it, anc. _Villa Savara_
Shamo, Chinese, the desert
Shan--_v._ SEANN, 172
Shanghai, supreme court
Shansi, west of the mountain
Shantung, east of the mountain
Sherborne, 172
Shetland Islands, 104
Shields, 170
Shiraz, 174
Shirvan, said to have been named after Nieshirvan, a king of Persia
Shotover, corrupt. from _Chateauvert_, green castle
Shrewsbury--_v._ Salop
Sicily, named from the _Siculi_, a tribe
Sidlaw Hills, fairy hills--_v._ SIDH
Sidon--_v._ Saida, in Index.
Silesia, Sclav. _Zlezia_, the bad land
Silhet or Sirihat, the rich market
Silloth Bay, perhaps herring bay, _sil_, Norse, a herring, and _lod_, a bundle of fishing lines
Sion or Sitten, 174
Sion, Mount, the upraised
Skagen, Cape, 176
Skager-rack, 176
Skaw Cape, 176
Skipton, 176
Skye Island, Gael. _Ealan-skianach_, the winged island
Slamanan, 177
Sligo, named from the R. _Sligeach_, shelly water
Sluys, 171
Slyne Head, 46
Snäfell Mountain, 78
Snaith, 177
Snowdon Mountain, 70
Socotra, 65
Soissons, named from the _Suessiones_
Sokoto, the market-place
Soleure, corrupt. from St. Ours or Ursinus, to whom the church was dedicated
Solway Firth, according to Camden, was named from a small village in Scotland called Solam
Somerset, 173
Sommariva, the summit of the bank
Somogy, Hung. the place of cornel-trees
Sophia, Grk. wisdom, dedicated to the second person of the Trinity
Sorbonne, named from Robert de Sorbonne, almoner of St. Louis
Söst or Soest, 174
Soudan--_v._ BELED
Southampton, 194
Southwark, 206
Souvigny, 173
Spa, 82
Spalatro, 152
Sparta, Grk. the sowed land or the place of scattered houses
Spires or Speyer, named from the R. Speyerbach
Spitzbergen, 156
Spurn Head, the look-out cape, from _spyrian_, to look out
St. Alban’s Head, corrupt. from St. Aldhelm’s Head
St. Andrews, so named from a tradition that the bones of St. Andrew were brought to that place by St. Regulus: formerly called _Mucros_, the boar’s headland, and then Kilrymont, the church or cell of the king’s mount
St. Cloud for St. Hloddwald
St. David’s, in Wales, Welsh _Ty-Ddewi_--_v._ TY
St. Heliers for St. Hilarius
St. Omer for St. Awdomar
Stadel, etc., 179
Staffa, 180
Staines, 181
Stamboul, 158
Stanislaus, named after Stanislaus of Poland
Stantz, 181
Stargard, 182
Starodub, 182
Startpoint, 182
Stavropol, 158
Stellenbosch, 36
Stepney, 105
Stetten, Sclav. _Zytyn_, the place of green corn
Stirling, Cym.-Cel. _Ystrevelyn_, the town of the Easterlings, from Flanders
Stockholm, 106
Stockport, 184
Stockton, 184
Stoke, 183
Stolpe, 184
Stonehaven, 97
Stow-market, 183
Stradbally, 184
Stralsund, 185
Strasbourg, 184
Strehlitz, 184
Striegau or Cziska, Sclav. the place on the small stream, _tschuga_
Stulweissenburg--_v._ FEHER
Stuttgard, 87
Styria or Steyermark, the boundary of the R. Steyer
Sudetic Mountains, 185
Suez, the mouth or opening
Suffolk, 185
Sumatra, corrupt. from _Trimatra_, the happy
Sunderbunds, corrupt. from _Sundari-vana_, so called from the forest, _vana_, of _Sundari_-trees
Sunderland, 186
Surat, _i.e._ _Su-rashta_, the good country
Surrey, 164
Susa, a city of ancient Persia, so called from the _lilies_ in its neighbourhood; _susa_, a lily
Sussex, 170
Sutherlandshire, 185
Sviatoi-nos, 146
Swan R., so named from the number of black swans seen by the first discoverer
Swansea, 71
Sweden, 164
Sydney, named after a governor of the colony
Syria--_v._ BELED, 20
Szent-kercsyt, 186
Szentes, for saint, 186
T
Tabriz, anc. _Taurus_, the mountain town
Tagus or Tejo R., Phœn. the fish river
Tain, 190
Takhtapul, the throne city, the seat of the Turkish Afghan government
Takht-i-Soliman, the throne of Solomon, being the highest of the Solomon Mountains
Talavera, 29
Tamsai, fresh water town, in China
Tananarivo, the city of one thousand towns, the capital of Madagascar
Tanderagee, Ir. _Ton-legœith_, the place with its back to the wind
Tanjier, Phœn. the city protected by God
Tanjore, corrupt. from _Tanjavur_, derived from its ancient name _Tanja-Nagaram_, the city of refuge
Tarazona, 199
Tarifa, named after a Moorish chief
Tarnopol, 187
Tarporley, 126
Tarragona, anc. _Tarraco_, Phœn. _Tarchon_, the citadel or palace
Tarsus, Phœn. the strong place
Tasmania, named after Abel Tasman, who discovered it in 1642. It was called Van Diemen’s Land in honour of the Governor-General of the Dutch East India Company
Taurus Mountain, 196
Tavistock, 184
Tay R., 187
Tcherniz, 212
Teflis, 189
Teltown, Ir. _Tailten_, where Taillte, the daughter of the King of Spain, was buried
Temeswar, Hung. the fortress on the R. Temes
Temisconata, the wonder of water, a county and lake in Canada
Temple, a parish in Mid-Lothian, where there was an establishment for the Templars or Red Friars, founded by David I.
Tennessee R., the spoon-shaped river, so called from its curve
Tenterden, 62
Teramo, 14
Terni, 14
Terranova, 189
Texas, Ind. hunting ground
Tezcuco, Mexican, the place of detention
Thames R., 187
Thannheim, 187
Thapsus, the passage
Thaxsted, 180
Thebes, in Egypt, _Taba_, the capital
Thermia, Grk. the place of warm springs, in Sicily
Thermopylæ, the defile of the warm springs
Thian-shan, Chinese, the celestial mountains
Thian-shan-nan-loo, the country south of the celestial mountains
Thian-shan-pe-loo, the country north of the celestial mountains
Thibet, supposed to be a corrupt. of _Thupo_, the country of the Thou, a people who founded an empire there in the sixth century
This or Abou-This, _i.e._ the city of This, corrupted by the Greeks into _Abydos_
Thouars, 12
Thrace, Grk. the rough land, _trachus_
Thun, 69
Thurgau, 88
Thurles, 128
Thurso, 1
Tiber R., 192
Tideswell, 161
Tierra-del-Fuego, 189
Tillicoultry, 198
Tilsit or Tilzela, at the conf. of the R. Tilzele with the Memel
Tinnevelly, corrupt. from _Trinavali_, one of the names of Vishnu
Tinto Hill, 189
Tipperary, 192
Tiree Island, 189
Tiverton, 83
Tlascala, Mexican, the place of bread
Tobermory, 192
Tobolsk, 176
Todmorden, corrupt. from _Todmare-dean_, the valley of the foxes’ mere or marsh
Tomantoul, 192
Tomsk, 176
Tongres, 186
Tonquin, Chinese _Tang-king_, the eastern capital
Toome--_v._ TUAIM, 197
Töplitz, Neu and Alt
Torgau, 195
Torquay, 195
Torres Straits, named after one of Magalhaen’s lieutenants
Torres-Vedras, 195
Torquemada, 195
Tory Island, 195
Toul and Toulouse, 50
Toulon, anc. _Telonium_ or _Telo Martius_, named after its founder
Tourcoing, 195
Tours, 196
Towie and Tough, parishes in Aberdeenshire, from Gael, _tuath_, the north
Trafalgar, 90
Tralee, 196
Tranent, 197
Transylvania, 173
Trapani, anc. _Drapanum_, the sickle, Grk. _drepanon_
Tras-os-Montes, 142
Traun R., 196
Traunik, 196
Traunviertel, 196
Trave R., 196
Trebizond, Grk. _trapezus_, the table, so called from its form
Trent, anc. _Civitas-Tridentium_, the town of the _Tridenti_
Trêves, named from the _Treviri_, a tribe
Trichinapalli, the town of the giant _Trisira_
Trim, at the elder-tree, 197
Trinidad, so named by Columbus from its three peaks, emblematic of the Holy Trinity
Tring, a patronymic
Tripoli, 158
Tripolitza, 158
Trolhätta Fall, Goth. the abyss of the trolls or demons
Trondhjem or Drontheim
Troon, 178
Troppau, _i.e._ _Zur-Oppa_, on the R. Oppa
Troyes, named from the _Tricasses_
Truro, 197
Truxillo, in Spain, corrupt. from _Turris-Julii_, Julius’s tower
Tuam, 197
Tubingen, anc. _Diowingen_, probably a patronymic
Tudela, anc. _Tutela_, the watch-tower
Tullamore, 197
Tulle, anc. _Tutela_, the watch-tower
Tullow, 197
Turin, anc. _Augusta-Taurinorum_, named from the Taurini, _i.e._ dwellers among hills
Tweed R., Brit. _tuedd_, a border
Tyndrum, 188
Tynron, 188
Tyre, 196
Tyrnau, on the R. Tyrnau
Tyrone, 189
Tzerna or Czerna R., 212
Tzernagora, 212
U
Udny, a parish in Aberdeenshire, _i.e._ _Wodeney_, from the Saxon god Woden
Uist, North and South, Scand. _Vist_, an abode
Uj-hely, Hung. new place
Ukraine, Sclav. the frontier or boundary
Ulleswater, 206
Ulm or Ulma, the place of elm-trees
Ulster, 183
Unst Island, anc. _Ornyst_, Scand. the eagle’s nest
Unyamuezi, the land of the moon
Upsala, 169
Ural Mountains and R., Tartar, the belt or girdle
Usedom, the Germanised form of _Huzysch_, Sclav. the place of learning
Usk R., 198
Utrecht, 66
V
Valais, 199
Valence, in France, and
Valencia, in Spain, anc. _Valentia_, the powerful
Valenciennes and Valenza, or Valence, said to have been named after the Emperor Valentinian
Valentia Island, in Ireland, Ir. _Dearbhre_, the oak wood
Valetta, in Malta, named after the Grand Master of the Knights of St. John in 1566
Valparaiso, 200
Van Diemen’s Land, named after Maria Van Diemen by Tasman
Vannes, named from the _Veneti_
Varna, Turc. the fortress
Varosvar, 200
Vasarhely, 103
Vaucluse, 200
Vaud, Pays de, 200
Velekaja R., 200
Vendée, La, and
Vendôme, named from the _Veneti_
Venezuela, little Venice, so called from an Indian village constructed on piles, discovered by the Spaniards
Venice, 79
Venloo, 79
Ventnor, 150
Ventry, 196
Verdun and Verden, 69
Vermont, green mountain
Vevey, anc. _Vibiscum_, on the R. Vip
Viborg, 201
Vick, 210
Vienna, Ger. _Wien_, on the R. Wien, an affluent of the Danube
Viesti, named from a temple dedicated to Vesta
Vigo, 209
Vimeira, Port. the place of osiers, _vime_
Vincennes, anc. _Ad-Vicenas_
Virginia, named after Queen Elizabeth
Vistula or Wisla, the west-flowing river
Vitré, corrupt. from _Victoriacum_, the victorious
Vitry, the victorious, founded by Francis I.
Vladimir, founded by the ducal family of that name in the twelfth century
Vogelberg, the hill of birds
Volga, the great water
Volhynia, Sclav. the plain
Voorburg, 84
Voralberg, _i.e._ in front of the Arlberg ridge
Vukovar, the fortress on the R. Vuka
W
Wakefield, 206
Walcherin Island, 204
Waldeck, 202
Walden, Saffron, 202
Wales, 203
Wallachia, 204
Wallendorf, 204
Wallenstadt, 204
Wallingford, 203
Walthamstow, 202
Ware, 207
Wareham, 207
Warminster, 207
Warrington, a patronymic
Warsaw, the fortified place--_v._ VAR
Warwick, 205
Waterford, 80
Waterloo, 130
Weimar, 134
Weissenfels, 207
Weistritz R., the swift, straight stream
Well--_v._ QUELLE
Welland R., the river into which the tide flows
Wellingborough, a patronymic
Wellington, a patronymic
Wells, 161
Welshpool, Welsh _Trallwng_, the quagmire
Wem, 198
Wemys, _uamh_, the cave
Werden, 205
Wesely, Hung. pleasant
Weser R., 1
Westeraas, 208
Westphalia, the western plain
Wetterhorn, 108
Wexford, 80
Whitby, 37
Whitehaven, 97
Whithorn, 11
Wiborg, 201
Wick, 209
Wicklow, 209
Wiesbaden, 16
Wigan, 201
Wight, Isle of, anc. _Zuzo-yr-with_, the island of the channel
Wigton, 201
Wiltshire, 173
Wimbleton, 193
Wimborne, 210
Winchester, 44
Windsor, 150
Wirksworth, 208
Wisbeach, the shore of the R. Ouse, _uisge_, water
Wisconsin, Ind. the wild rushing channel
Wismar, 210
Withey, 207
Wittenberg, 207
Wittstock, 210
Wladislawaw, the town of Wladislav
Wokingham, 5
Wolfenbuttel, 27
Wolga--_v._ Volga
Wolverhampton, 193
Woodstock, 210
Wooler, 211
Woolwich, 104
Worcester, anc. _Huic-wara-ceaster_, the camp of the _Huieci_
Worms, 133
Worm’s Head, the serpent’s head, _ornr_, from its form
Worthing, 211
Wrath, Cape, Scand. the cape of the _hvarf_, or turning
Wrietzen or Brietzen, Sclav. the place of birch-trees--_v._ BRASA
Wroxeter, anc. _Uriconium_
Wurtemberg, anc. _Wrtinisberk_, from a personal name
Wurtzburg, 212
Wycombe, 53
Wyoming Valley, corrupt. from _Maugh-wauwame_, Ind. the large plains
X
Xanthus R., Grk. the yellow river
Xeres de la Frontera, anc. _Asta Regia Cæsariana_, Cæsar’s royal fortress
Xeres de los Caballeros, Cæsar’s cavalry town
Y
Yakutsk, named from the _Yakuts_, a Tartar tribe
Yang-tse Kiang R., the son of the great water
Yarra, the ever-flowing, a river in Australia
Yeddo or Jeddo, river door
Yell, barren
Yemen, to the south or right
Yeni-Bazaar, 212
Yenisi R., 212
Yeovil, 201
York, 209
Youghal, anc. _Eochaill_, the yew wood
Ypres or Yperen, the dwelling on the Yperlea
Ysselmonde, 140
Yunnan, the cloudy south region, in China
Yvetot, 192
Yvoire, 9
Z
Zab R., 212
Zabern, 186
Zambor, Sclav. behind the wood
Zanguebar or Zanjistan, Pers. and Arab., the land of the Zangis and Bahr
Zaragossa--_v._ Saragossa
Zealand, in Denmark, _Sjvelland_, spirit land
Zealand, in Netherlands, land surrounded by the sea
Zeitz, named after Ciza, a Sclav. goddess
Zell or Cell, 48
Zerbst, belonging to the Wends, _Sserbski_
Zittau, the place of corn
Zug, anc. _Tugium_, named from the _Tugeni_, a tribe
Zurich, anc. _Thiouricum_, the town of the Thuricii, who built it after it had been destroyed by Attila
Zutphen, 79
Zuyder-Zee, 172
Zweibrücken, 31
Zwickau, the place of goats, Ger. _Ziege_
Zwolle, anc. _Suole_, Old Ger. _Sval_, at the swell of the water
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_MODERN._
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“Modern geography has, up to quite a recent date, been almost entirely neglected in many of our large schools, and where professedly taught has, in too many instances, been made the most repulsive instead of the most fascinating of studies. Such books must ever be not less welcome to teacher than to pupil.”--_Standard._
A SCHOOL MANUAL OF MODERN GEOGRAPHY. By JOHN RICHARDSON. 400 pp. Post 8vo. 5s.
“After a careful examination, we are bound to say that it is the most comprehensive, accurate, and methodical geography with which we are familiar, and bears on every page unmistakable traces of careful and industrious research. It fully sustains the high reputation of Mr. Murray’s series of Manuals, and we venture to predict for it a wide popularity. Bearing in mind its high character, it is a model of cheapness.”--_School Guardian._
A SMALLER MANUAL OF MODERN GEOGRAPHY. By JOHN RICHARDSON. 16mo. 2s. 6d.
“We frankly acknowledge that we have never seen anything of its kind, and for its space, at all approaching to this Smaller Geography.”--_English Churchman._
THE STUDENT’S GEOGRAPHY OF BRITISH INDIA. By GEORGE SMITH, LL.D.
“This book is a marvel of labour and condensation, and its compiler states that he has prepared himself for his task for more than twenty years.”--_Spectator._
_ANCIENT._
THE STUDENT’S MANUAL OF ANCIENT GEOGRAPHY. By Canon W. L. BEVAN, M.A. With 240 Maps and Woodcuts. Post 8vo. 7s. 6d.
By the Same Author.
A SMALLER MANUAL OF ANCIENT GEOGRAPHY. With Thirty Woodcuts. 240 pp. 16mo. 3s. 6d.
“A valuable addition to our geographical works. It contains the newest and most reliable information derived from the researches of modern travellers. No better text-book can be placed in the hands of scholars.”--_Journal of Education._
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY. By MARY SOMERVILLE. Revised by JOHN RICHARDSON. 548 pp. 9s.
“So far as general physical geography goes, such Manuals as those of ... Mrs. Somerville leave little to be desired.”--Mr. J. S. KELTIE’S _Report on Geographical Education_.
JOHN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STREET, LONDON.
FOOTNOTES:
[1] _Ancient Books of Wales_, vol. i. p. 144, with reference to the famous work of Chalmers, the _Caledonia_.
[2] _A_, signifying in possession, seems to be derived from _a_, Old Norse, I have; _aga_, I possess. The Old English _awe_, to own, is still retained in the north of England and in Aberdeenshire.
[3] Caer-afon (the fortress on the water) was its ancient name.
[4] It obtained the name from two large stones that lay on the roadside near the church, and possessed that property.
[5] For the word _Beltein_, _v._ Joyce’s _Irish Names of Places_, vol. i. p. 187; Chambers’s _Encyclopædia_; and Petrie’s _Round Towers of Ireland_.
Transcriber’s Notes:
1. Obvious printers’, punctuation and spelling errors have been corrected silently.
2. Some hyphenated and non-hyphenated versions of the same words have been retained as in the original.
3. Italics are shown as _xxx_.