Part 23

hord, st. m. and n., _hoard, treasure_: nom. sg., 2284, 3085; beága hord, 2285; mâðma hord, 3012; acc. sg. hord, 913, 2213, 2320, 2510, 2745, 2774, 2956, 3057; sâwle hord, 2423; þät hord, 3127; dat. sg. of horde, 1109; for horde, _on account of_ (the robbing of) _the hoard_, 2782; hæðnum horde, 2217; gen. sg. hordes, 888.--Comp.: beáh-, breóst-, word-, wyrm-hord.

hord-ärn, st. n., _place in which a treasure is kept, treasure-room_: dat. hord-ärne, 2832; gen. pl. hord-ärna, 2280.

hord-burh, st. f., _city in which is the treasure_ (of the king's), _ruler's castle_: acc. sg., 467.

hord-gestreón, st. n., _hoard-treasure, precious treasure_: dat. pl. hord-gestreónum, 1900; gen. pl. mägen-byrðenne hord-gestreóna, _the great burden of rich treasures_, 3093.

hord-mâððum, st. m., _treasure-jewel, precious jewel_: acc. sg. (-madmum, MS.), 1199.

hord-wela, w. m., _treasure-riches, abundance of treasures_: acc. sg. hord-welan, 2345.

hord-weard, st. m., _warder of the treasure, hoard-warden_: 1) of the king: nom. sg., 1048; acc. sg., 1853.--2) of the drake: nom. sg., 2294, 2303, 2555, 2594.

hord-weorðung, st. f., _ornament out of the treasure, rich ornament_: acc. sg.--weorðunge, 953.

hord-wyn, st. f., _treasure-joy, joy-giving treasure_: acc. sg. hord-wynne, 2271.

horn, st. m., _horn_: 1) upon an animal: instr. pl. heorot hornum trum, 1370.--2) wind-instrument: nom. sg., 1424; acc. sg., 2944.--Comp. gûð-horn.

horn-boga, w. m., _bow made of horn_: dat. sg. of horn-bogan, 2438.

horn-geáp, adj., of great extent between the (stag-)horns adorning the gables(?): nom. sg. sele ... heáh and horn-geáp, 82.

horn-reced, st. n., building whose two gables are crowned by the halves of a stag's antler(?): acc. sg., 705. Cf. Heyne's Treatise on the Hall, Heorot, p. 44.

hors, st. n., _horse_: nom. sg., 1400.

hôciht, adj., _provided with hooks, hooked_: in comp. heoro-hôciht.

be-hôfian, w. v. w. gen., _to need, to want_: pres. sg. III. nu is se däg cumen þat ûre man-dryhten mägenes behôfað gôdra gûðrinca, _now is the day come when our lord needs the might of strong warriors_, 2648.

on-hôhsnian, w. v., _to hinder_: pret. sg. þät onhôhsnode Heminges mæg (on hohsnod, MS.), 1945.

hôlinga, adv., _in vain, without reason_, 1077.

be-hôn, st. v., _to hang with_: pret. part. helmum behongen, 3140.

hop, st. n., _protected place, place of refuge, place of concealment_, in the compounds fen-, môr-hop.

hôs (Goth, hansa), st. f., _accompanying troop, escort_: instr. sg. mägða hôse, _with an accompanying train of servingwomen_, 925.

hräðe, adv., _hastily, quickly, immediately_, 224, 741, 749, 1391, etc.; hraðe, 1438; hreðe, 992; compar. hraðor, 543.

hran-fix, st. m., _whale_: acc. pl. hron-fixas, 540.

hran-râd, st. f., _whale-road_, i.e. sea: dat. sg. ofer hron-râde, 10.

hrâ, st. n., _corpse_: nom. sg., 1589.

hrâ-fyl, st. m., _fall of corpses, killing, slaughter_: acc. sg., 277.

hrädlîce, adv., _hastily, immediately_, 356, 964.

hräfn, hrefn, st. m., _raven_: nom. sg. hrefn blaca, _black raven_, 1802; se wonna hrefn, _the dark raven_, 3025; dat. sg. hrefne, 2449.

hrägl, st. n., _dress, garment, armor_: nom. sg., 1196; gen. sg., hrägles, 1218; gen. pl. hrägla, 454--Comp.: beado-, fyrd-, mere-hrägl.

hreðe. See hraðe.

hreðer, st. m., _breast, bosom_ nom. sg. hreðer inne weóll _(it surged in his breast_), 2114; hreðer æðme weóll, 2594; dat. sg. in hreðre, 1152; of hreðre, 2820.--_Breast_ as the seat of feeling, _heart_: dat. sg. þät wäs ... hreðre hygemêðe, _that was depressing to the heart_ (of the slayer, Hæðcyn), 2443; on hreðre, 1879, 2329; gen. pl. þurh hreðra gehygd, 2046.--_Breast_ as seat of life: instr. sg. hreðre, parallel with aldre, 1447.

hreðer-bealo, st. n., _evil that takes hold on the heart, evil severely felt_: acc. sg., 1344.

hrefn. See hräfn.

hrêð, st. f., _glory_; in composition, gûð-hrêð; _renown, assurance of victory_, in sige-hrêð.

hrêðe, adj., _renowned in battle_: nom. sg. hrêð (on account of the following ät, final _e_ is elided, as wênic for wêne ic, 442; frôfor and fultum for frôfre and fultum, 699; firen ondrysne for firene ondr., 1933), 2576.

hrêð-sigor, st. m., _glorious victory_: dat. sg. hrêð-sigora, 2584.

hrêmig, adj., _boasting, exulting_: with instr. and gen. hûðe hrêmig, 124; since hrêmig, 1883; frätwum hrêmig, 2055; nom. pl. nealles Hetware hrêmge þorfton (sc. wesan) fêðe-wîges, 2365.

on-hrêran, w. v., _to excite, to stir up_: pret. part. on-hrêred, 549, 2555.

hreâ-wîc, st. n., _place of corpses_: acc. sg. Geáta leóde hreâ-wîc heóldon, _held the place of corpses_, 1215.

hreád, st. f., _ornament_(?), in comp. earm-hreád. See hreóðan.

hreám, st. m., _noise, alarm_:: nom. sg., 1303.

hreóða, w. m., _cover_, in the compound bord-hreóða.

hreóðan, ge-hreóðan, st. v., _to cover, to clothe_; only in the pret. part. hroden, gehroden, _dressed, adorned_: hroden, 495, 1023; þâ wäs heal hroden feónda feorum, _then was the hall covered with the corpses of the enemy_, 1152; ge-hroden golde, _adorned with gold_, 304.--Comp.: beág-, gold-hroden.

hreóh, hreów, hreó, adj., _excited, stormy, wild, angry, raging; sad, troubled_: nom. sg. (Beówulf) hreóh and heoro-grim, 1565; þät þam gôdan wäs hreów on hreðre, (_that came with violence upon him, pained his heart_), 2329; hreó wæron ýða, _the waves were angry, the sea stormy_, 548; näs him hreóh sefa, _his mind was not cruel_, 2181; dat. sg. on hreón môde, _of sad heart_, 1308; on hreóum môde, _angry at heart_, 2582.

hreóh-môd, adj., _of sad heart_, 2133; _angry at heart_, 2297.

hreósan, st. v., _to fall, to sink, to rush_: pret. hreás, 2489, 2832; pret. pl. hruron, 1075; hie on weg hruron, _they rushed away_, 1431; hruron him teáras, _tears burst from him_, 1873.

be-hreósan, _to fall from, to be divested of_: pret. part. acc. pl. fyrn-manna fatu ... hyrstum behrorene, _divested of ornaments_ (from which the ornaments had fallen away), 2760.

hreów, st. f., _distress, sorrow_: gen. pl. þät wäs Hrôðgâre hreówa tornost, _that was to Hrôðgâr the bitterest of his sorrows_, 2130.

hring, st. m.: 1) _ring_: acc. sg. þone hring, 1203; hring gyldenne, 2810; acc. pl. hringas, 1196, 1971, 3035; gen. pl. hringa, 1508, 2246.--2) _shirt of mail_ (of interlaced rings): nom. sg. hring, 1504; byrnan hring, 2261.--Comp. bân-hring.

hringan, w. v., _to give forth a sound, to ring, to rattle_: pret. pl. byrnan hringdon, 327.

hring-boga, w. m., _one who bends himself into a ring_: gen. sg. hring-bogan (of the drake, bending himself into a circle), 2562.

hringed, pret. part., _made of rings_: nom. sg. hringed byrne, 1246; acc. sg. hringde byrnan, 2616.

hringed-stefna, w. m., _ship whose stem is provided with iron rings_ (cramp-irons), especially of sea-going ships (cf. Frið-þiofs saga, I: þorsteinn âtti skip þat er Ellidi hêt, ... borðit war spengt iarni): nom. sg., 32, 1898; acc. sg. hringed-stefnan, 1132.

hring-îren, st. n., _ring-iron, ring-mail_: nom. sg., 322.

hring-mæl, adj., _marked with rings_, i.e. ornamented with rings, or marked with characters of ring-form: nom. acc. sg., of the sword, 1522, 1562(?); nom. pl. heard and hring-mæl Heaðobeardna gestreón (_rich armor_), 2038.

hring-naca, w. m., _ship with iron rings, sea-going ship_: nom. sg., 1863.

hring-net, st. n., _ring-net_, i.e. a shirt of interlaced rings: acc. sg., 2755; acc. pl. hring-net, 1890.

hring-sele, st. m., _ring-hall_, i.e. hall in which are rings, or in which rings are bestowed: acc. sg., 2841; dat. sg., 2011, 3054.

hring-weorðung, st. f., _ring-ornament_: acc. sg. -weorðunge, 3018.

hrînan, st. v. w. dat.: 1) _to touch, lay hold of_: inf. þät him heardra nân hrînan wolde îren ærgôd (_that no good sword of valiant men would make an impression on him_), 989; him for hrôf-sele hrînan ne mehte færgripe flôdes (_the sudden grip of the flood might not touch him owing to the hall-roof_), 1516; þät þam hring-sele hrînan ne môste gumena ænig _(so that none might touch the ringed-hall), _3054; pret. sg. siððan he hire folmum [hr]ân (_as soon as he touched it with his hands_), 723; ôð þät deáðes wylm hrân ät heortan (_seized his heart_), 2271. Pret. subj. þeáh þe him wund hrîne (_although he was wounded_), 2977.--2) (O.N. hrîna, _sonare, clamare), to resound, rustle_: pres. part. nom. pl. hrînde bearwas (for hrînende) 1364; but see Note.

hroden. See hreóðan.

hron-fix. See hran-fix.

hrôðor, st. m., _joy, beneficium_: dat sg. hrefne tô hrôðre, 2449; gen. pl. hrôðra, 2172.

hrôf, st. m., _roof, ceiling of a house_: nom. sg., 1000; acc. sg. under Heorotes hrôf, 403; under geápne hrôf, 838; geseah steápne hrôf (here _inner roof, ceiling_), 927; so, ofer heáhne hrôf, 984; ymb þäs helmes hrôf, 1031; under beorges hrôf, 2756.--Comp. inwit-hrôf.

hrôf-sele, st. m., _covered hall_: dat. sg. hrôf-sele, 1516.

hrôr, adj., _stirring, wide-awake, valorous_: dat. sg. of þäm hrôran, 1630.--Comp. fela-hrôr.

hruron. See hreósan.

hruse, w. f., _earth, soil_: nom. sg., 2248, 2559; acc. sg. on hrusan, 773, 2832; dat. sg. under hrusan, 2412.

hrycg, st. m., _back_: acc. sg. ofer wäteres hrycg (_over the water's back, surface_), 471.

hryre, st. m., _fall, destruction, ruin_: acc. sg., 3181; dat. sg., 1681, 3006.--Comp.: leód-, wîg-hryre.

hrysian, w. v., _to shake, be shaken, clatter_: pret. pl. syrcan hrysedon (_corselets rattled_, of men in motion), 226.

hund, st. m., _dog_: instr. pl. hundum, 1369.

hund, num., _hundred_: þreó hund, 2279; w. gen. pl. hund missera, 1499; hund þûsenda landes and locenra beága, 2995.

hû, adv., _how, quomodo_, 3, 116, 279, 738, 845, 2319, 2520, 2719, etc.

huð, st. f., _booty, plunder_: dat. (instr.) sg. hûðe, 124.

hûru, adv., _above all, certainly_, 369; _indeed, truly_, 182, 670, 1072, 1466, 1945, 2837; _yet, nevertheless_, 863; _now_, 3121.

hûs, st. n., _house_: gen. sg. hûses, 116; gen. pl. hûsa sêlest (Heorot), 146, 285, 659, 936.

hwan, adv., _whither_: tô hwan syððan wearð hondræs häleða (_what issue the hand-to-hand fight of the heroes had_), 2072.

hwanan, hwanon, adv., _whence_: hwanan, 257, 2404; hwanon, 333.

hwâ, interrog. and indef. pron., _who_: nom. sg. m. hwâ, 52, 2253, 3127; neut. hwät, 173; ânes hwät (_a part only_), 3011; hwät þâ men wæron (_who the men were_), 233, etc.; hwät syndon ge searo-häbbendra (_what armed men are ye?_), 237; acc. sg. m. wið manna hwone (_from (?) any man_), 155; neut. þurh hwät, 3069; hwät wit geó spræcon, 1477; hwät ... hýnðo (gen.), fær-nîða (_what shame and sudden woes_), 474; so, hwät þu worn fela (_how very much thou_), 530; swylces hwät, 881; hwät ... ârna, 1187; dat. m. hwâm, 1697.--Comp. æg-hwâ.

hwät, interj., _what! lo! indeed!_ 1, 943, 2249.

ge-hwâ, w. part, gen., _each, each one_: acc. sg. m. wið feónda gehwone, 294; nîða gehwane, 2398; mêca gehwane, 2686; gum-cynnes gehwone, 2766; fem, on healfa gehwone, 801; dat. sg. m. dôgora gehwâm, 88; ät nîða gehwâm, 883; þegna gehwâm, 2034; eorla gehwæm, 1421; fem. in mægða ge-hwære, 25; nihta gehwæm, 1366; gen. sing. m. manna gehwäs, 2528; fem. dæda gehwäs, 2839.

hwâr. See hwær.

hwäder. See hwider.

hwäðer, pron., _which of two_: nom. sg. hwäðer ... uncer twega, 2531; swâ hwäðer, _utercunque_: acc. sg. on swâ hwäðere hond swâ him gemet þince, 687.--Comp. æg-hwäðer.

ge-hwäðer, _each of two, either-other_: nom. sg. m. wäs gehwäðer ôðrum lifigende lâð, 815; wäs ... gehwäðer ôðrum hrôðra gemyndig, 2172; ne gehwäðer incer (_nor either of you two_), 584; nom. sg. neut. gehwäðer þâra (_either of them_, i.e. ready for war or peace), 1249; dat. sg. hiora gehwäðrum, 2995; gen. sg. bega gehwäðres, 1044.

hwäðer, hwäðere, hwäðre, 1) adv., _yet, nevertheless_: hwäðre, 555, 891, 1271, 2099, 2299, 2378, etc.; hwäðre swâ þeáh, _however, notwithstanding_, 2443; hwäðere, 574, 578, 971, 1719--2) conj., = _utrum, whether_: hwäðre, 1315; hwäðer, 1357, 2786.

hwät, adj., _sharp, bold, valiant_: nom. sg. se secg hwata, 3029; dat. sg. hwatum, 2162; nom. pl. hwate, 1602, 2053; acc. pl. hwate, 2643, 3006.--Comp.: fyrd-, gold-hwät.

hwät. See hwâ.

hwær, adv., _where_: elles hwær, _elsewhere_, 138; hwær, _somewhere_, 2030. In elliptical question: wundur hwâr þonne..., _is it a wonder when...?_ 3063.--Comp. ô-hwær.

ge-hwær, _everywhere_: þeáh þu heaðo-ræsa gehwær dohte (_everywhere good in battle_), 526.

hwele. See hwyle.

hwergen, adv., _anywhere_: elles hwergen, _elsewhere_, 2591.

hwettan, w. v., _to encourage, urge_: pres. subj. swâ þin sefa hwette (_as thy mind urges, as thou likest_), 490; pret. pl. hwetton higerôfne (_they whetted the brave one_), 204.

hwêne, adv., _a little, paululum_, 2700.

hwealf, st. f., _vault_: acc. sg. under heofones hwealf, 576, 2016.

hweorfan, st. v., _to stride deliberately, turn, depart, move, die_: pres. pl. þâra þe cwice hwyrfað, 98; inf. hwîlum he on lufan læteð hworfan monnes môd-geþonc (_sometimes on love_ (?) _possessions_ (?) _permits the thoughts of man to turn_), 1729; londrihtes môt ... monna æghwylc îdel hweorfan (_of rights of land each one of men must be deprived_), 2889; pret. sg. fäder ellor hwearf ... of earde (_died_), 55; hwearf þâ hrädlîce þær Hrôðgâr sät, 356; hwearf þâ bî bence (_turned then to the bench_), 1189; so, hwearf þâ be wealle, 1574; hwearf geond þät reced, 1982; hlæw oft ymbe hwearf (_went oft round the cave_), 2297; nalles äfter lyfte lâcende hwearf (_not at all through the air did he go springing_), 2833; subj. pret. sg, ær he on weg hwurfe ... of geardum (_died_), 264.

and-hweorfan, _to move against_: pret. sg. ôð þät ... norðan wind heaðo-grim and-hwearf (_till the fierce north wind blew in our faces_), 548.

ät-hweorfan, _to go to_: pret. sg. hwîlum he on beorh ät-hwearf (_at times returned to the mountain_), 2300.

ge-hweorfan, _to go, come_: pret. sg. gehwearf þâ in Francna fäðm feorh cyninges, 1211; hit on æht gehwearf ... Denigea freán, 1680; so, 1685, 2209.

geond-hweorfan, _to go through from end to end_: pres. sg. flet eall geond-hwearf, 2018.

hwider, adv., _whither_: hwyder, 163; hwäder (hwäðer, MS.), 1332.

hwîl, st. f., _time, space of time_: nom. sg. wäs seó hwîl micel (_it was a long time_), 146; þâ wäs hwîl däges (_the space of a day_), 1496; acc. sg. hwîle, _for a time_, 2138; _a while_, 105, 152; lange (longe) hwîle, _a long while_, 16, 2781; âne hwîle, _a while_, 1763; lytle hwîle, _brief space_, 2031, 2098; ænige hwîle, _any while_, 2549; lässan hwîle, _a lesser while_, 2572; dat. sg. ær däges hwîle, _before daybreak_, 2321; dat. pl. nihtes hwîlum, _sometimes at night_, 3045. Adv., _sometimes, often_: hwîlum, 175, 496, 917, 1729, 1829, 2017, 2112, etc.; hwîlum ... hwîlum, 2108-9-10.--Comp.: däg-, gescäp-, orleg-, sige-hwîl.

hwît, adj., _brilliant, flashing_: nom. sg. se hwîta helm, 1449.

hworfan. See hweorfan.

hwôpan, st. v., _to cry, cry out mourn_: pret. sg. hweóp, 2269.

hwyder. See hwider.

hwylc, pron., _which, what, any_: 1) adj.: nom. sg. m. sceaða ic nât hwylc, 274; fem, hwylc orleghwîl, 2003; nom. pl. hwylce Sægeáta sîðas wæron, 1987.--2) subst., w. gen. pl. nom. m.: Frisna hwylc, 1105; fem, efne swâ hwylc mägða swâ þone magan cende (_whatever woman brought forth this son_), 944; neut. þonne his bearna hwylc (_than any one of his sons_), 2434; dat. sg. efne swâ hwylcum manna swâ him gemet þûhte, 3058.--Comp.: æg-, nât-, wel-hwylc.

ge-hwylc, ge-hwilc, ge-hwelc, w. gen. pl., _each_: nom. sg. m. gehwylc, 986, 1167, 1674; acc. sg. m. gehwylcne, 937, 2251, 2517; gehwelcne, 148; fem, gehwylce, 1706; neut. gehwylc, 2609; instr. sg. dôgra gehwylce, 1091; so, 2058, 2451; dat. sg. m. gehwylcum, 412, 769, 785, etc.; fem, ecga gehwylcre, 806; neut. cynna gehwylcum, 98; gen. sg. m. and neut. gehwylces, 733, 1397, 2095.

hwyrft, st. m., _circling movement, turn_: dat. pl. adv. hwyrftum scrîðað (_wander to and fro_), 163.--Comp. ed-hwyrft.

hycgan, w. v., _to think, resolve upon_: pret. sg. ic þät hogode þät ... (_my intention was that ..._), 633.--Comp. w. pres. part.: bealo-, heard-, swîð-, þanc-, wîs-hycgend.

for-hycgan, _to despise, scorn, reject with contempt_: pres. sg. I. ic þät þonne for-hicge þät ..., _reject with scorn the proposition that ..._, 435.

ge-hycgan, _to think, determine upon_: pret. sg. þâ þu ... feorr gehogodest säcce sêcean, 1989.

ofer-hycgan, _to scorn_: pret. sg. ofer-hogode þâ hringa fengel þät he þone wîdflogan weorode gesôhte (_scorned to seek the wide-flier with a host_), 2346.

hydig (for hygdig), adj., _thinking, of a certain mind_: comp. ân-, bealo-, grom-, nîð-, þrîst-hydig.

ge-hygd, st. n., _thought, sentiment_: acc. sg. þurh hreðra gehygd, 2046.--Comp.: breóst-, môd-gehygd, won-hyd.

hyge, hige, st. m., _mind, heart, thought_: nom. sg. hyge, 756; hige, 594; acc. sg. þurh holdne hige, 267; gen. sg. higes, 2046; dat. pl. higum, 3149.

hyge-bend, st. m. f., _mind-fetter, heart-band_: instr. pl. hyge-bendum fäst, _fast in his mind's fetters, secretly_, 1879.

hyge-geômor, adj., _sad in mind_: nom. sg. hyge-giômor, 2409.

hyge-mêðe, adj.: 1) _sorrowful, soul-crushing_: nom. sg., 2443.--2) _life-weary, dead_: dat. pl. hyge-mêðum (-mæðum, MS.), 2910.

hyge-rôf, adj., _brave, valiant, vigorous-minded_: nom. sg. [hygerôf], 403; acc. sg. hige-rôfne, 204.

hyge-sorh, st. f., _heart-sorrow_: gen. pl. -sorga, 2329.

hyge-þyhtig, adj., _doughty, courageous_: acc. sg. hige-þihtigne (of Beówulf), 747. See þyhtig.

hyge-þrym, st. m., _animi majestas, high-mindedness_: dat. pl. for hige-þrymmum, 339.

hyht, st. m., _thought, pleasant thought, hope_ (Dietrich): nom. sg., 179.

ge-hyld (see healdan), st. n., _support, protection_: nom. sg., 3057.--Leo.

hyldan, w. v., _to incline one's self, lie down to sleep_: pret. sg. hylde hine, _inclined himself, lay down_, 689.

hyldo, st. f., _inclination, friendliness, grace_: acc. sg. hyldo, 2068, 2294; gen. sg. hyldo, 671, 2999.

â-hyrdan, w. v., _harden_: pret. part. â-hyrded, 1461.

hyrde. See hirde.

hyrst, st. f., _accoutrements, ornament, armor_: acc. sg. hyrste (Ongenþeów's _equipments and arms_), 2989; acc. pl. hyrsta, 3166; instr. pl. hyrstum, 2763.

hyrstan, w. v., _to deck, adorn_: pret. part. hyrsted sweord, 673; helm [hyr]sted golde, 2256.

hyrtan, w. v., _to take heart, be emboldened_: pret. sg. hyrte hyne hord-weard (_the drake took heart_; see 2566, 2568, 2570), 2594.

hyse, st. m., _youth, young man_: nom. sg. as voc., 1218.

hyt. See hit.

hýdan, w. v., _to hide, conceal, protect, preserve_: pres. subj. hýde [hine, _himself_] se þe wylle, 2767; inf. w. acc. nô þu mînne þearft hafalan hýdan, 446; ær he in wille hafelan [hýdan] (_ere in it he_ [the stag] _will hide his head_), 1373.

ge-hýdan, w. acc., _to conceal, preserve_: pret. sg. gehýdde, 2236, 3060.

hýð, st. f., _haven_: dat. sg. ät hýðe, 32.

hýð-weard, st. m., _haven-warden_: nom. sg., 1915.

hýnan (see heán), w. v. w. acc., _to crush, afflict, injure_: pret. sg. hýnde, 2320.

hýnðu, st. f., _oppression, affliction, injury_: acc. sg. hýnðu, 277; gen. sg. hwät ... hýnðo, 475; fela ... hýnðo, 594; gen. pl. heardra hýnða, 166.

hýran, w. v.: 1) _to hear, perceive, learn_: a) w. inf. or acc. with inf.: I. pret. sg. hýrde ic, 38, 582, 1347, 1843, 2024; III. sg. þät he fram Sigemunde secgan hýrde, 876; I. pl. swâ we sôðlîce secgan hýrdon, 273. b) w. acc.: nænigne ic ... sêlran hýrde hordmâððum (_I heard of no better hoard-jewel_), 1198. c) w. dependent clause: I. sg. pret. hýrde ic þät ..., 62, 2164, 2173.--2) w. dat. of person, _to obey_: inf. ôð þät him æghwylc þâra ymbsittendra hýran scolde, 10; hýran heaðo-siócum, 2755; Pret. pl. þät him winemâgas georne hýrdon, 66.

ge-hýran, _to hear, learn_: a) w. acc.: II. pers. sg. pres. mînne gehýrað ânfealdne geþôht, 255; III. sg. pret. gehýrde on Beówulfe fästrædne geþôht, 610. b) w. acc. and inf.: III. pl. pret. gehýrdon, 786. c) w. depend. clause: I. pres. sg. ic þät gehýre þät ..., 290.

I

ic, pers. pron. _I_: acc. mec, dat. me, gen. mîn; dual nom. wit, acc. uncit, unc, dat. unc, gen. uncer; pl. nom. we, acc. ûsic, ûs, dat. ûs, gen. ûser. ic omitted before the verb, 470.

icge, _gold_ (perhaps related to Sanskrit îç, = dominare, imperare, O.H.G. êht, _wealth_, opes), _treasure?, sword_ (edge)?, 1108.--Körner.

ides, st. f., _woman, lady, queen_: nom. sg., 621, 1076, 1118, 1169; dat. sg. idese, 1650, 1942. Also of Grendel's mother: nom. sg., 1260; gen. sg. idese, 1352.

in. See inn.

in: I. prep. w. dat. and acc.: 1) w. dat. (local, indicating rest), _in_: in geardum, 13, 2460; in þäm gûðsele, 443; in beórsele, 2636; so, 89, 482, 589, 696, 729, 2140, 2233, etc.; in mægða gehwære, 25; in þýstrum, 87; in Caines cynne, 107; in hyra gryregeatwum (_in their accoutrements of terror, war-weeds_), 324; so, 395; in campe (_in battle_), 2506; hiora in ânum (_in one of them_), 2600. Prep. postpositive: Scedelandum in, 19. Also, _on, upon_, like on: in ealo-bence, 1030; in gumstôle, 1953; in þam wongstede (_on the grassy plain, the battle-field_), 2787; in bælstede, 3098. Temporal: in geâr-dagum, 1.--2) w. acc. (local, indicating motion), _in, into_: in woruld, 60; in fýres fäðm, 185; so, 1211; in Hrefnesholt, 2936. Temporal, _in, at, about, toward_: in þâ tîde (in watide, MS.), 2228.

II. adv., _in_ (here or there), 386, 1038, 1372, 1503, 1645, 2153, 2191, 2228; inn, 3091.

incge, adj. (perhaps related to icge), instr. sg. incge lâfe (_with the costly sword_ ? or _with mighty sword_?), 2578.--[_Edge_: incge lâfe, _edge of the sword_.--K. Körner?]

in-frôd, adj., _very aged_: nom. sg., 2450; dat. sg. in-frôdum, 1875.

in-gang, st. m., _entrance, access to_: acc. sg., 1550.

in-genga, w. m., _in-goer, visitor_: nom. sg., of Grendel, 1777.

in-gesteald, st. m., _house-property, possessions in the house_: acc. sg., 1156.

inn, st. n., _apartment, house_: nom. sg. in, 1301.

innan, adv., _within, inside_, 775, 1018, 2413, 2720; on innan (_in the interior_), _within_, 1741, 2716; þær on innan (_in there_), 71; burgum on innan (_within his city_), 1969. Also, _therein_: þær on innan, 2090, 2215, 2245.

innan-weard, adv., _inwards, inside, within_, 992, 1977; inne-weard, 999.

inne, adv.: 1) _inside, within_, 643, 1282, 1571, 2114, 3060; word inne âbeád (_called, sent word, in_, i.e. standing in the hall door), 390; _in it_ (i.e. the battle), 1142; þær inne (_therein_), 118, 1618, 2116, 2227, 3088.--2) = _insuper, still further, besides_, 1867.

inwit, st. n., _evil, mischief, spite, cunning hostility_, as in

inwit-feng, st. m., _malicious grasp, grasp of a cunning foe_: nom. sg., 1448.

inwit-gäst, st. m., _evil guest, hostile stranger_: nom. sg., 2671.

inwit-hrôf, st. m., _hostile roof, hiding-place of a cunning foe_: acc. sg. under inwit-hrôf, 3124.

inwit-net, st. n., _mischief-net, cunning snare_: acc. sg., 2168.

inwit-nîð, st. n., _cunning hostility, hostile contest_: nom. pl. inwit-nîðas (_hostility through secret attack_), 1859; gen. pl. inwit-nîða, 1948.

inwit-scear, st. m., _massacre through cunning, murderous attack_: acc. sg. eatolne inwit-scear, 2479.

inwit-searo, st. n., _cunning, artful intrigue_: acc. sg. þurh inwit-searo, 1102. See searo.

inwit-sorh, st. f., _grief, remorse, mourning springing from hostile cunning_: nom. sg., 1737; acc. sg. inwid-sorge, 832.

inwit-þanc, adj., _ill-disposed, malicious_: dat. sg. he onfêng hraðe inwit-þancum (_he quickly grasped the cunning-in-mind_ [Grendel]), 749.

irnan (for rinnan), st. v., _to run_: so be-irnan, _to run up to_, occur_: pret. sg him on môd be-arn (_came into his mind_), 67.

on-irnan, _to open_: pret. sg. duru sôna onarn, 722.

irre-môd, adj. See yrre-môd.

Î

îdel, adj., _empty, bare; deprived of_: nom. sg., 145, 413; w. gen. lond-rihtes þære mægburge îdel (_deprived of his land-possessions among the people_ [of the Geátas]), 2889.

îdel-hende, adj., _empty-handed_, 2082.

îren, st. n., _iron, sword_: nom. sg. dryhtlîc îren (_the doughty, lordly sword_), 893; îren ær-gôd, 990; acc. sg. leóflîc îren, 1810; gen. pl. îrena cyst (_choicest of swords_), 674; îrenna cyst, 803; îrenna ecge (_edges of swords_), 2684.

îren, adj., _of iron_: nom. sg. ecg wäs îren, 1460.

îren-bend, st. f., _iron band, bond, rivet_: instr. pl. îren-bendum fäst (bold), 775, 999.

îren-byrne, w. f., _iron corselet_: acc. sg. îren-byrnan, 2987. See îsern-byrne.

îren-heard, adj., _hard as iron_: nom. sg., 1113.

îrenne, adj., _of iron_: in comp. eall-îrenne.

îren-þreát, st. m., _iron troop, armored band_: nom. sg., 330.

îs, st. n., _ice_: dat. sg. îse, 1609.

îsern-byrne, w. f., _iron corselet_: acc. sg. îsern-byrnan, 672. See îren-byrne.

îsern-scûr, st. f., _iron shower, shower of arrows_: gen. sg. þone þe oft gebâd îsern-scûre, 3117.

îs-gebind, st. n., _fetters of ice_: instr. sg. îs-gebinde, 1134.

îsig, adj., _shining, brilliant_ (like brass): nom. sg. îsig (said of a vessel covered with plates(?) of metal), 33.--Leo.

IO IU

iú. See geó.

iú-man. See geó-man.

ió-meówle. See geó-meówle.

L

laðu, st. f., _invitation_.--Comp.: freónd-, neód-laðu.

ge-lafian, w. v. w. acc. pers. and instr. of the thing, _to refresh, lave_: pret. sg. wine-dryhten his wätere gelafede, 2723.

lagu, st. m., _lake, sea_: nom. sg., 1631.

lagu-cräftig, adj., _acquainted with the sea_: nom. sg. lagu-cräftig mon (_pilot_), 209.

lagu-stræt, st. f., _path over the sea_: acc. sg. ofer lagu-stræte, 239.

lagu-streám, st. m., _sea-current, flood_: acc. pl. ofer lagu-streámas, 297.