Part 28

sæ-cyning, st. m., _sea-king, king ruling the sea_: gen. pl. sæ-cyninga, 2383.

sæ-deór, st. n., _sea-beast, sea-monster_: nom. sg., 1511.

sæ-draca, w. m., _sea-dragon_: acc. pl. sæ-dracan, 1427.

ge-sægan, w. v., _to fell, slay_: pret. part. häfdon eal-fela eotena cynnes sweordum ge-sæged (_felled with the sword_), 885.

sæge. See on-sæge.

sæ-genga, w. m., _sea-goer_, i.e. sea-going ship: nom. sg., 1883, 1909.

sæ-geáp, adj., _spacious_ (broad enough for the sea): nom. sg. sæ-geáp naca, 1897.

sæ-grund, st. m., _sea-bottom, ocean-bottom_: dat. sg. sæ-grunde, 564.

sæl, sâl, sêl, st. f.: 1) _favorable opportunity, good_ or _fit time_: nom. sg. sæl, 623, 1666, 2059; sæl and mæl, 1009; acc. sg. sêle, 1136; gen. pl. sæla and mæla, 1612.--2) _Fate_(?): see Note on l. 51.--3) _happiness, joy_: dat. pl. on sâlum, 608; sælum, 644, 1171, 1323. See sêl, adj.

ge-sælan, w. v., _to turn out favorably, succeed_: pret. sg. him ge-sælde þät ...(_he was fortunate enough to_, etc.), 891; so, 574; efne swylce mæla, swylce hira man-dryhtne þearf ge-sælde (_at such times as need disposed it for their lord_), 1251.

sælan (see sâl), w. v., _to tie, bind_: pret. sg. sælde ... sîð-fäðme scip, 1918; pl. sæ-wudu sældon, 226.

ge-sælan, _to bind together, weave, interweave_: pret. part. earm-beága fela searwum ge-sæled (_many curiously interwoven armlets_, i.e. made of metal wire: see Guide to Scandinavian Antiquities, p. 48), 2765.

on-sælan, with acc., _to unbind, unloose, open_: on-sæl meoto, sige-hrêð secgum (_disclose thy views to the men, thy victor's courage_; or, _thy presage of victory_?), 489.

sæ-lâc, st. n., _sea-gift, sea-booty_: instr. sg. sæ-lâce, 1625; acc. pl. þâs sæ-lâc, 1653.

sæ-lâd, st. f., _sea-way, sea-journey_: dat. sg. sæ-lâde, 1140, 1158.

sæ-lîðend, pres. part., _seafarer_: nom. pl. sæ-lîðend, 411, 1819, 2807; sæ-lîðende, 377.

sæ-man, m., _sea-man, sea-warrior_: dat. pl. sæ-mannum, 2955; gen. pl. sæ-manna, 329 (both times said of the Geátas).

sæmra, weak adj. compar., _the worse, the weaker_: nom. sg. sæmra, 2881; dat. sg. sæmran, 954.

sæ-mêðe, adj., _sea-weary, exhausted by sea-travel_: nom. pl. sæ-mêðe, 325.

sæ-näs, st. m., _sea-promontory, cape, naze_: acc. pl. sæ-nässas, 223, 571.

sæne, adj., _careless, slow_: compar. sg. nom. he on holme wäs sundes þê sænra, þe hyne swylt fornam (_was the slower in swimming in the sea, whom death took away_), 1437.

sæ-rinc, st. m., _sea-warrior_ or _hero_: nom. sg., 691.

sæ-sîð, st. m., _sea-way, path, journey_: dat. sg. äfter sæ-sîðe, 1150.

sæ-wang, st. m., _sea-shore_ or _beach_: acc. sg. sæ-wong, 1965.

sæ-weal, st. m., _(sea-wall), seashore_: dat. sg. sæ-wealle, 1925.

sæ-wudu, st. m., _(sea-wood), vessel, ship_: acc. sg. sæ-wudu, 226.

sæ-wylm, st. m., _sea-surf, billow_: acc. pl. ofer sæ-wylmas, 393.

scacan, sceacan, st. v., properly, _to shake one's self_; hence, _to go, glide, pass along_ or _away_: pres. sg. þonne mîn sceaceð lîf of lîce, 2743; inf. þâ com beorht [sunne] scacan [ofer grundas], (_the bright sun came gliding over the fields_), 1804; pret. sg. duguð ellor scôc _(the chiefs are gone elsewhither_, i.e. have died), 2255; þonne stræla storm ... scôc ofer scild-weall (_when the storm of arrows leapt over the wall of shields_), 3119; pret. part. wäs hira blæd scacen (_their bravest men had passed away_), 1125; þâ wäs winter scacen (_the winter was past_), 1137; so, sceacen, 2307, 2728.

scadu, sceadu, st. f., _shadow, concealing veil of night_: acc. sg. under sceadu bregdan (i.e. kill), 708.

scadu-genga, w. m., _shadow-goer, twilight-stalker_ (of Grendel): nom. sg. sceadu-genga, 704.

scadu-helm, st. m., _shadow-helm, veil of darkness_: gen. pl. scadu-helma ge-sceapu (_shapes of the shadow, evil spirits wandering by night_), 651.

scalu, st. f., _retinue, band_ (part of an armed force); in comp. hand-scalu: mid his hand-scale (hond-scole), 1318, 1964.

scamian, w. v., _to be ashamed_: pres. part. nom. pl. scamiende, 2851; nô he þære feoh-gyfte ... scamigan þorfte (_needed not be ashamed of his treasure-giving_), 1027.

scawa (see sceáwlan), w. m., _observer, visitor_: nom. pl. scawan, 1896.

ge-scâd, st. n., _difference, distinction_: acc. sg. æg-hwäðres gescâd, worda and worca (_difference between, of, both words and deeds_), 288.

ge-scâdan, st. v., _to decide, adjudge_: pret. sg. rodera rædend hit on ryht gescêd (_decided it in accordance with right_), 1556.

scânan? See scînan, pret. pl. scionon, 303; the imaginary scânan having been abandoned.

ge-scäp-hwîle, st. f., _fated hour, hour of death (appointed rest?)_: dat. sg. tô gescäp-hwîle (_at the fated hour_), 26.

sceððan, w. v., _to scathe, injure_: inf. w. dat. pers., 1034; aldre sceððan (_hurt her life_), 1525; þät on land Dena lâðra nænig mid scipherge sceððan ne meahte (_injure through robber incursions_), 243; pret. sg. þær him nænig wäter wihte ne sceðede, 1515.

ge-sceððan, the same: inf. þät him ... ne mihte eorres inwit-feng aldre gesceððan, 1448.

scenc, st. m., _vessel, can_: in comp. medu-scenc.

scencan, w. v., _to hand drink, pour out_: pret. sg. scencte scîr wered, 496 (cf. skinker = cup-bearer).

scenne, w. f.?, _sword-guard?_: dat. pl. on þæm scennum scîran goldes, 1695.

sceran, st. v., _to shear off, cleave, hew to pieces_: pres. sg. þonne heoru bunden ... swîn ofer helme andweard scireð (_hews off the boar-head on the helm_), 1288.

ge-sceran, _to divide, hew in two_: pret. sg. helm oft ge-scär (_often clove the helm in two_), 1527; so, gescer, 2974.

scerwen, st. f.?, in comp. ealu-scerwen (_ale-scare_ or _panic_?), 770.

scêt. See sceótan.

sceadu. See scadu.

sceaða, w. m.: 1) _scather, foe_: gen. pl. sceaðena, 4.--2) _fighter, warrior_: nom. pl. scaðan, 1804.--Comp.: âttor-, dol-, feónd-, gûð-, hearm-, leód-, mân-, sin-, þeód-, uht-sceaða.

sceaðan, st. v. w. dat., _to scathe, injure, crush_: pret. sg. se þe oft manegum scôd (_which has oft oppressed many_), 1888.

ge-sceaðan, w. dat., the same: pret. sg. swâ him ær gescôd hild ät Heorote, 1588; se þe him sâre ge-sceôd (_who injured him sorely_), 2224; nô þý ær in gescôd hâlan lîce, 1503; bill ær gescôd eald-hlâfordes þam þâra mâðma mund-bora wäs (_the weapon of the ancient chieftain had before laid low the dragon, the guardian of the treasure_), 2778 (or, _sheathed in brass_?, if ær and gescôd form compound).

sceaðen-mæl, st. n., _deadly weapon, hostile sword_: nom. sg., 1940.

sceaft, st. m., _shaft, spear, missile_: nom. sg. sceft, 3119.--Comp.: here-, wäl-sceaft.

ge-sceaft, st. f.: 1) _creation, earth, earthly existence_: acc. sg. þâs lænan ge-sceaft, 1623.--2) _fate, destiny_: in comp. forð-, lîf-, mæl-gesceaft.

scealc, st. m., _servant, military retainer_: nom. sg., 919; (of Beówulf), 940.--Comp beór-scealc.

ge-sceap, st. n.: 1) _shape, creature_: nom. pl. scadu-helma ge-sceapu, 651.--2) _fate, providence_: acc. sg. heáh ge-sceap (_heavy fate_), 3085.

sceapan, sceppan, scyppan, st. v., _to shape, create, order, arrange, establish_: pres. part. scyppend (_the Creator_), 106; pret. sg. scôp him Heort naman (_shaped, gave, it the name Heorot_), 78; pres. part. wäs sió wrôht scepen heard wið Hûgas, syððan Hygelâc cwom (_the contest with the Hûgas became sharp after H. had come_), 2915.

ge-sceapan, _to shape, create_: pret. sg. lîf ge-sceôp cynna gehwylcum, 97.

scear, st. m., _massacre_: in comp. gûð-, inwit-scear, 2429, etc.

scearp, adj., _sharp, able, brave_: nom. sg. scearp scyld-wîga, 288.--Comp.: beadu-, heaðo-scearp.

scearu, st. f., _division, body, troop_: in comp. folc-scearu; _that is decided_ or _determined_, in gûð-scearu (_overthrow_?), 1214.

sceat, st. m., _money_; also _unit of value in appraising_ (cf. Rieger in Zacher's Zeits. 3, 415): acc. pl. sceattas, 1687. When numbers are given, sceat appears to be left out, cf. 2196, 2995 (see þûsend).--Comp. gif-sceat.

sceát, st. m., _region, field_: acc. pl. gefrätwade foldan sceátas leomum and leáfum, 96;--_top, surface, part_: gen. pl. eorðan sceáta, 753.

sceáwere, st. m., _observer, spy_: nom. pl. sceáweras, 253.

sceáwian, w. v. w. acc., _to see, look at, observe_: inf. sceáwian, 841, 1414, 2403, 2745, 3009, 3033; sceáwigan, 1392; pres. sg. II. þät ge genôge neán sceáwiað beágas and brâd gold, 3105; subj. pres. þät ic ... sceáwige swegle searo-gimmas, 2749; pret. sg. sceáwode, 1688, 2286, 2794; sg. for pl., 844; pret. pl. sceáwedon, 132, 204, 984, 1441.

ge-sceáwian, _to see, behold, observe_: pret. part. ge-sceáwod, 3076, 3085.

sceorp, st. n., _garment_: in comp. hilde-sceorp.

sceótan, st. v., _to shoot, hurl missiles_: pres. sg. se þe of flân-bogan fyrenum sceóteð, 1745; pres. part. nom. pl. sceótend (_the warriors, bowmen_), 704, 1155; dat. pl. for sceótendum (MS. scotenum), 1027.

ge-sceótan, w. acc., _to shoot off, hurry_: pret. sg. hord eft gesceát (_the dragon darted again back to the treasure_), 2320.

of-sceótan, _to kill by shooting_: pret. sg. his mæg of-scêt ... blôdigan gâre _(killed his brother with bloody dart_), 2440.

scild, scyld, st. m., _shield_: nom. sg. scyld, 2571; acc. sg. scyld, 437, 2076; acc. pl. scyldas, 325, 333, 2851.

scildan, scyldan, w. v., _to shield, protect_: pret. subj. nymðe mec god scylde (_if God had not shielded me_), 1659.

scild-freca, w. m., _shield-warrior_ (warrior armed with a shield): nom. sg. scyld-freca, 1034.

scild-weall, st. m., _wall of shields_: acc. sg. scild-weall, 3119.

scild-wîga, w. m., _shield-warrior_: nom. sg. scyld-wîga, 288.

scinna, w. m., _apparition, evil spirit_: dat. pl. scynnum, 940.

scip, st. n., _vessel, ship_: nom. sg., 302; acc. sg., 1918; dat. sg. tô scipe, 1896; gen. sg. scipes, 35, 897; dat pl. tô scypum (scypon, MS.), 1155.

scip-here, st. m., (exercitus navalis) _armada, fleet_: dat. sg. mid scip-herge, 243.

ge-scîfe (for ge-scýfe), adj., _advancing_ (of the dragon's movement), 2571; = G. _schief_?

scînan, st. v., _to shine, flash_: pres. sg. sunne ... sûðan scîneð, 607; so, 1572; inf. geseah blâcne leóman beorhte scînan, 1518; pret. sg. (gûð-byrne, woruld--candel) scân, 321, 1966; on him byrne scân, 405; pret. pl. gold-fâg scinon web äfter wagum, 995; scionon, 303.

scîr, adj., _sheer, pure, shining_: nom. sg. hring-îren scîr, 322; scîr metod, 980; acc. sg. n. scîr wered, 496; gen. sg. scîran goldes, 1695.

scîr-ham, adj., _bright-armored, clad in bright mail_: nom. pl. scîr-hame, 1896.

scoten. See sceóten.

ge-scôd, pret. part., _shod_ (calceatus), _covered_: in comp. ær-ge-scôd(?). See ge-sceaðan, and Note.

scôp, st. m., _singer, shaper, poet_: nom. sg., 496, 1067; gen. sg. scôpes, 90.

scräf, st. n., _hole in the earth, cavern_: in comp. eorð-scräf.

scrîðan, st. v., _to stride, go_: pres. pl. scrîðað, 163; inf. scrîðan, 651, 704; scrîðan tô, 2570.

scrîfan, st. v., _to prescribe, impose_ (punishment): inf. hû him (Grendel) scîr metod scrîfan wille, 980.

for-scrîfan, w. dat. pers., _to proscribe, condemn_: pret. part. siððan him scyppend for-scrifen häfde, 106.

ge-scrîfan, _to permit, prescribe_: pret. sg. swâ him Wyrd ne ge-scrâf (_as Weird did not permit him_), 2575.

scrûd, st. m., _clothing, covering; ornament_: in comp. beadu-, byrdu-scrûd.

scucca, w. m., _shadowy sprite, demon_: dat. pl. scuccum, 940.

sculan, aux. v. w. inf.: 1) _shall, must_ (obligation): pres. sg. I., III. sceal, 20, 24, 183, 251, 271, 287, 440, 978, 1005, 1173, 1387, 1535, etc.; scel, 455, 2805, 3011; II. scealt, 589, 2667; subj. pres. scyle, 2658; scile, 3178; pret. ind. sg. I., III. scolde, 10, 806, 820, 966, 1071, 1444, 1450, etc.; sceolde, 2342, 2409, 2443, 2590, 2964; II. sceoldest, 2057; pl. scoldon, 41, 833, 1306, 1638; subj. pret. scolde, 1329, 1478; sceolde, 2709.--2) w. inf. following it expresses futurity, = _shall, will_: pres. sg. I., III. sceal beódan (_shall offer_), 384; so, 424, 438, 602, 637, 1061, 1707, 1856, 1863, 2070; sceall, 2499, 2509, etc.; II. scealt, 1708; pl. wit sculon, 684; subj. pret. scolde, 280, 692, 911; sceolde, 3069.--3) sculan sometimes forms a periphrastic phrase or circumlocution for a simple tense, usually with a slight feeling of obligation or necessity: pres. sg. he ge-wunian sceall (_he inhabits; is said to inhabit?_), 2276; pret. sg. se þe wäter-egesan wunian scolde, 1261; wäcnan scolde (_was to awake_), 85; se þone gomelan grêtan sceolde (_was to, should, approach_), 2422; þät se byrn-wîga bûgan sceolde (_the corseleted warrior had to bow, fell_), 2919; pl. þâ þe beado-grîman býwan sceoldon (_they that had to polish or deck the battle-masks_), 2258; so, 230, 705, 1068.--4) w. omitted inf., such as wesan, gangan: unc sceal worn fela mâðma ge-mænra (i.e. wesan). 1784; so, 2660; sceal se hearda helm ... fätum befeallen (i.e. wesan), 2256; ic him äfter sceal (i.e. gangan), 2817; subj. þonne þu forð scyle (i.e. gangan), 1180. A verb or inf. expressed in an antecedent clause is not again expressed with a subsequent sceal: gæð â Wyrd swâ hió scel (_Weird goeth ever as it shall_ [go]), 455; gûð-bill ge-swâc swâ hit nô sceolde (i.e. ge-swîcan), 2586.

scûa, w. m., _shadowy demon_: in comp. deáð-scûa.

scûfan, st. v.: 1) intrans., _to move forward, hasten_: pret. part. þâ wäs morgen-leóht scofen and scynded, 919.--2) w. acc., _to shove, push_: pret. pl. guman ût scufon ... wudu bundenne (_pushed the vessel from the land_), 215; dracan scufun ... ofer weall-clif (_pushed the dragon over the wall-like cliff_), 3132. See wîd-scofen(?)

be-scûfan, w. acc., _to push, thrust down, in_: inf. wâ bið þäm þe sceal ... sâwle be-scûfan in fýres fäðm (_woe to him that shall thrust his soul into fire's embrace_), 184.

scûr, st. m., _shower, battle-shower_: in comp. îsern-scûr.

scûr-heard, adj., _fight-hardened? (file-hardened?_): nom. pl. scûr-heard, 1034.

scyld, scyldan. See scild, scildan.

scyldig, adj., _under obligations_ or _bound for; guilty of_, w. gen. and instr.: ealdres (morðres) scyldig, 1339, 1684, 2062; synnum scyldig (_guilty of evil deeds_), 3072.

scyndan, w. v., _to hasten_: inf. scyndan, 2571; pret. part, scynded, 919

scynna. See scinna.

scyppend. See sceapan.

scyran, w. v., _to arrange, decide_: inf. þät hit sceaðen-mæl scyran môste (_that the sword must decide it_), 1940. O.N. skora, _to score, decide_.

scýne, adj., _sheen, well-formed, beautiful_: nom. sg. mägð scýne, 3017.

se, pron. dem. and article, _the_: m. nom., 79, 84, 86, 87, 90, 92, 102, etc.; fem, seó, 66, 146, etc.; neut. þät;--relative: se (_who_), 1611, 2866; se þe (_he who_), 2293; seó þe (_she who_), 1446; se þe (for seó þe), 1345, 1888, 2686; cf. 1261, 1498; (Grendel's mother, as a wild, demonic creature, is conceived now as man, now as woman: woman, as having borne a son; man, as the incarnation of savage cunning and power); se for seó, 2422; dat. sg. þam (for þam þe), 2780.

secce. See sacu.

secg, st. m., _man, warrior, hero, spokesman_ (secgan?): nom. sg., 208, 872, 2228, 2407, etc.; (Beówulf), 249, 948, 1312, 1570, 1760, etc.; (Wulfgâr), 402; (Hûnferð), 981; (Wîglâf), 2864; acc. sg. sinnigne secg (Grendel's mother, cf. se), 1380; dat. sg. secge, 2020; nom. pl. secgas, 213, 2531, 3129; dat. pl. secgum, 490; gen. pl. secga, 634, 843, 997, 1673.

secg, st. f., _sword_ (sedge?): acc. sg. secge, 685.

secgan, w. v., _to say, speak_: 1) w. acc.: pres. sg. gode ic þanc secge, 1998; so, 2796; pres. part. swâ se secg hwata secgende wäs lâðra spella (partitive gen.), 3029; inf. secgan, 582, 876, 881, 1050; pret. sg. sägde him þäs leánes þanc, 1810; pret. sg. II. hwät þu worn fela ... sägdest from his sîðe, 532.--2) without acc inf. swâ we sôðlîce secgan hýrdon, 273; pret. sg. sägde, 2633, 2900--3) w. depend. clause: pres. sg. ic secge, 591; pl. III. secgað, 411; inf. secgan, 51, 391, 943, 1347, 1701, 1819, 2865, 3027; gerund. tô secganne, 473, 1725; pret. sg. sägde, 90, 1176; pl. sägdon, 377, 2188; sædan, 1946.

â-secgan (edicere), _to say out, deliver_: inf. wille ic â-secgan suna Healfdenes ... mîn ærende, 344.

ge-secgan, _to say, relate_: imper. sg. II. ge-saga, 388; þät ic his ærest þe eft ge-sägde (_that I should, after, tell thee its origin_), 2158; pret. part. gesägd, 141; gesæd, 1697.

sefa, w. m., _heart, mind, soul, spirit_: nom. sg., 49, 490, 595, 2044, 2181, 2420, 2601, 2633; acc. sg. sefan, 278, 1727, 1843; dat. sg. sefan, 473, 1343, 1738.--Comp. môd-sefa.

ge-segen, st. f., _legend, tale_: in comp. eald-ge-segen.

segl, st. n., _sail_: nom. sg., 1907.

segl-râd, st. f., _sail-road_, i.e. sea: dat. sg. on segl-râde, 1430.

segn, st. n., _banner_, vexillum: nom. sg., 2768, 2959; acc. sg. segen, 47, 1022; segn, 2777; dat. sg. under segne, 1205.--Comp. heáfod-segn.

sel, st. n., _hall, palace_. See säl.

seld, st. n., _dwelling, house_: in comp. medu-seld.

ge-selda, w. m., contubernalis, _companion_: acc. sg. geseldan, 1985.

seldan, adv., _seldom_: oft [nô] seldan, 2030.

seld-guma, w. m., _house-man, home-stayer(?); common man?, house-carl?_: nom. sg., 249.

sele, st. m. and n., _building consisting of one apartment; apartment, room_: nom. sg., 81, 411; acc. sg. sele, 827, 2353; dat. sg. tô sele, 323, 1641; in (on, tô) sele þam heán, 714, 920, 1017, 1985; on sele (_in the den of the dragon_), 3129.--Comp.: beáh-, beór-, dryht-, eorð-, gest-, gold-, grund-, gûð-, heáh-, hring-, hrôf-, nið-, win-sele.

sele-dreám, st. m., _hall-glee, joy in the hall_: acc. sg. þâra þe þis lîf ofgeaf, gesâwon sele-dreám (referring to the joy of heaven?), 2253.

sele-ful, st. n., _hall-goblet_: acc. sg., 620.

sele-gyst, st. m., _hall-guest, stranger in hall_ or _house_: acc. sg. þone sele-gyst, 1546.

sele-rædend, pres. part., _hall-ruler, possessor of the hall_: nom. pl., 51; acc. leóde mîne sele-rædende, 1347.

sele-rest, st. f., _bed in the hall_: acc. sg. sele-reste, 691.

sele-þegn, st. m., _retainer, hall-thane, chamberlain_: nom. sg., 1795.

sele-weard, st. m., _hall-ward, guardian of the hall_: acc. sg., 668.

self, sylf, pron., _self_: nom. sg. strong form, self, 1314, 1925 (? selfa); þu self, 595; þu þe self, 954; self cyning (_the king himself, the king too_), 921, 1011; sylf, 1965; in weak form, selfa, 1469; he selfa, 29, 1734; þäm þe him selfa deáh (_that can rely upon, trust to, himself_), 1840; seolfa, 3068; he sylfa, 505; god sylfa, 3055; acc. sg. m. selfne, 1606; hine selfne (_himself_), 962; hyne selfne (_himself_, reflex.), 2876; wið sylfne (_beside_), 1978; gen. sg. m. selfes, 701, 896; his selfes, 1148; on sînne sylfes dôm (_at his own will_), 2148; sylfes, 2224, 2361, 2640, 2711, 2777, 3014; his sylfes, 2014, 2326; fem. hire selfre, 1116; nom. pl. selfe, 419; Sûð-Dene sylfe, 1997.

ge-sella, w. m., _house-companion, comrade_: in comp. hand-gesella.

sellan, syllan, w. v.: 1) w. acc. of thing, dat. of pers., _to give, deliver; permit, grant, present_: pres. sg. III. seleð him on êðle eorðan wynne, 1731; inf. syllan, 2161, 2730; pret. sg. sealde, 72, 673, 1272, 1694, 1752, 2025, 2156, 2183, 2491, 2995; nefne god sylfa sealde þam þe he wolde hord openian (_unless God himself gave to whom he would to open the hoard_), 3056; pret. sg. II. sealdest, 1483.--2) _to give, give up_ (only w. acc. of thing): ær he feorh seleð (_he prefers to give up his life_), 1371; nallas on gylp seleð fätte beágas (_giveth out gold-wrought rings_, etc.), 1750; pret. sg. sinc-fato sealde, 623; pl. byrelas sealdon wîn of wunder-fatum, 1162.

ge-sellan, w. acc. and dat. of pers., _to give, deliver; grant, present_: inf. ge-sellan, 1030; pret. sg. ge-sealde, 616, 1053, 1867, 1902, 2143, etc.

sel-lîc, syl-lîc (from seld-lîc), adj., _strange, wondrous_: nom. sg. glôf ... syllîc, 2087; acc. sg. n. syllîc spell, 2110; acc. pl. sellîce sæ-dracan, 1427. Compar. acc. sg. syllîcran wiht (the dragon), 3039.

semninga, adv., _straightway, at once_ 645, 1641, 1768.

sendan, w. v. w. acc. of thing and dat. of pers., _to send_: pret. sg. þone god sende folce tô frôfre (_whom God sent as a comfort to the people_), 13; so, 471, 1843.

for-sendan, _to send away, drive off_ pret. part. he wearð on feónda geweald ... snûde for-sended, 905.

on-sendan, _to send forth, away_, w. acc. of thing and dat. of pers.: imper. sg. on-send, 452, 1484; pret. sg. on-sende, 382; pl. þe hine ... forð on-sendon ænne ofer ýðe (_who sent him forth alone over the sea_), 45; pret. part. bealo-cwealm hafað fela feorh-cynna feorr on-sended, 2267.

sendan (cf. Gl. Aldhelm, sanda = ferculorum, epularum, in Haupt IX. 444), w. v., _to feast, banquet_: pres. sg. III. sendeð, 601.--Leo.

serce, syrce, w. f., _sark, shirt of mail_: nom. sg. syrce, 1112; nom. pl. syrcan, 226; acc. pl. græge syrcan, 334.--Comp.: beadu-, heoro-serce; here-, leoðo-, lîc-syrce.

sess, st. m., _seat, place for sitting_: dat. sg. sesse, 2718; þâ he bî sesse geóng (_by the seat_, i.e. before the dragon's lair), 2757.

setl, st. n., _seat, settle_: acc. sg., 2014; dat. sg. setle, 1233, 1783, 2020; gen. sg. setles, 1787; dat. pl. setlum, 1290.--Comp.: heáh-, hilde-, meodu-setl.

settan, w. v., _to set_: pret. sg. setton sæ-mêðe sîde scyldas ... wið þäs recedes weall (_the sea-wearied ones set their broad shields against the wall of the hall_), 325; so, 1243.

â-settan, _to set, place, appoint_: pret. pl. hie him â-setton segen [gyl]-denne heáh ofer heáfod, 47; pret. part. häfde kyninga wuldor Grendle tô-geánes ... sele-weard â-seted, 668.

be-settan, _to set with, surround_: pret. sg. (helm) besette swîn-lîcum (_set the helm with swine-bodies_), 1454.

ge-settan: 1) _to set, set down_: pret. part. swâ wäs ...þurh rûn-stafas rihte ge-mearcod, ge-seted and ge-sæd (_thus was ... in rune-staves rightly marked, set down and said_), 1697.--2) _to set, ordain, create_: pret. sg. ge-sette ... sunnan and mônan leóman tô leóhte land-bûendum, 94.--3) = componere, _to lay aside, smooth over, appease_: pret. sg. þät he mid þý wîfe wäl-fæhða ... dæl ... ge-sette, 2030.

sêcan, w. v., _to follow after_, hence: 1) _to seek, strive for_, w. acc.: pret. sg. sinc-fät sôhte _(sought the costly cup_), 2301; ne sôhte searo-nîðas, 2739; so, 3068. Without acc.: þonne his myne sôhte (_than his wish demanded_), 2573; hord-weard sôhte georne äfter grunde (_the hoard-warden sought eagerly along the ground_), 2294.--2) _to look for, come_ or _go some whither, attain something_, w. acc.: pres. sg. III. se þe ... biorgas sêceð, 2273; subj. þeáh þe hæð-stapa holt-wudu sêce, 1370; imper. sêc gif þu dyrre (_look for her_, i.e. Grendel's mother, _if thou dare_), 1380; inf. sêcean, 200, 268, 646, 1598, 1870, 1990, 2514(?), 3103, etc.; sêcan, 665, 1451; drihten sêcean (_seek, go to, the Lord_), 187; sêcean wyn-leás wîc (_Grendel was to seek a joyless place_, i.e. Hell), 822; so, sêcan deófla gedräg, 757; sâwle sêcan (_seek the life, kill_), 802; so, sêcean sâwle hord, 2423; gerund. säcce tô sêceanne, 2563; pret. sg. I., III. sôhte, 139, 208, 376, 417, 2224; II. sôhtest, 458; pl. sôhton, 339.--3) _to seek, attack_: þe ûs sêceað tô Sweóna leóde, 3002; pret. pl. hine wräc-mäcgas ofer sæ sôhtan, 2381.

ge-sêcan: 1) _to seek_, w. acc.: inf. gif he gesêcean dear wîg ofer wæpen, 685.--2) _to look for, come_ or _go to attain_, w. acc.: inf. ge-sêcean, 693; gerund, tô ge-sêcanne, 1923; pret. sg. ge-sôhte, 463, 520, 718, 1952; pret. part. nom. pl. feor-cýððe beóð sêlran ge-sôhte þam þe hine selfa deáh, 1840.--3) _to seek with hostile intent, to attack_: pres. sg. ge-sêceð 2516; pret. sg. ge-sôhte, 2347; pl. ge-sôhton, 2927; ge-sôhtan, 2205.

ofer-sêcan, w. acc., _to surpass, outdo_ (in an attack): pres. sg. wäs sió hond tô strong, se þe mêca gehwane ... swenge ofer-sôhte, þonne he tô säcce bär wæpen wundrum heard (_too strong was the hand, that surpassed every sword in stroke, when he_ [Beówulf] _bore the wondrous weapon to battle_, i.e. the hand was too strong for any sword; its strength made it useless in battle), 2687.

sêl, st. f. See sæl.

sêl, sæl, adj., _good, excellent, fit_, only in compar.: nom. sg. m. sêlra, 861, 2194; þæm þær sêlra wäs (_to the one that was the better_, i.e. Hygelâc), 2200; deáð bið sêlla þonne edwît-lîf, 2891; neut. sêlre, 1385; acc. sg. m. sêlran þe (_a better than thee_), 1851; sêlran, 1198; neut. þät sêlre, 1760; dat. sg. m. sêlran sweord-frecan, 1469; nom. pl. fem. sêlran, 1840. Superl., strong form: nom. sg. neut. sêlest, 173, 1060; hûsa sêlest, 146, 285, 936; ôfost is sêlest, 256; bolda sêlest, 2327; acc. sg. neut. hrägla sêlest, 454; hûsa sêlest, 659; billa sêlest, 1145;--weak form: nom. sg. m. reced sêlesta, 412; acc. sg. m. þone sêlestan, 1407, 2383; (þäs, MS.), 1957; dat. sg. m. þäm sêlestan, 1686; nom. pl. sêlestan, 416; acc. pl. þâ sêlestan, 3123.

sêl, compar. adv., _better, fitter, more excellent_, 1013, 2531; ne byð him wihte þê sêl (_he shall be nought the better for it_), 2278; so, 2688.

sealma (Frisian selma, in bed-selma), w. m., _bed-chamber, sleeping-place_: acc. sg. on sealman, 2461.

sealt, adj., _salty_: acc. sg. neut. ofer sealt wäter (_the sea_), 1990.