Part 22

FRESH, fresh, _adj._ in a state of activity and health: new and strong, not stale or faded: recently produced or obtained: untried: having renewed vigour: healthy, refreshing, invigorating: brisk: (_slang_) tipsy: not salt.--_n._ (_Shak._) a small stream of fresh water: (_Scot._) a thaw, open weather.--_adj._ FRESH'-BLOWN, newly blown, as a flower.--_v.t._ FRESH'EN, to make fresh: to take the saltness from.--_v.i._ to grow fresh: to grow brisk or strong.--_ns._ FRESH'ENER; FRESH'ET, a pool or stream of fresh water: the sudden overflow of a river from rain or melted snow.--_adj._ FRESH'ISH.--_adv._ FRESH'LY.--_ns._ FRESH'MAN, one in the rudiments of knowledge, esp. a university student in his first year--also FRESH'ER; FRESH'MANSHIP, FRESH'ERDOM.--_adj._ FRESH'-NEW (_Shak._), unpractised, wholly unacquainted; FRESH'WA'TER, of or pertaining to water not salt: accustomed to sail only on fresh water--hence unskilled, raw. [A.S. _fersc_; cf. Dut. _versch_, Ger. _frisch_.]

FRET, fret, _v.t._ to wear away by rubbing, to rub, chafe, ripple, disturb: to eat into: to vex, to irritate.--_v.i._ to wear away: to vex one's self: to be peevish:--_pr.p._ fret'ting; _pa.p._ fret'ted, (_B._) fret.--_n._ agitation of the surface of a liquid: irritation: the worn side of the banks of a river.--_adj._ FRET'FUL, peevish.--_adv._ FRET'FULLY.--_n._ FRET'FULNESS.--_p.adj._ FRET'TING, vexing.--_n._ peevishness. [A.S. _fretan_, to gnaw--pfx. _for-_, inten., and _etan_, to eat; Ger. _fressen_.]

FRET, fret, _v.t._ to ornament with raised work: to variegate:--_pr.p._ fret'ting; _pa.p._ fret'ted. [O. Fr. _freter_.]

FRET, fret, _n._ a piece of interlaced ornamental work: (_archit._) an ornament consisting of small fillets intersecting each other at right angles: (_her._) bars crossed and interlaced.--_ns._ FRET'-SAW, a saw with a narrow blade and fine teeth, used for fret-work, scroll-work, &c.; FRETTE, a hoop for strengthening a cannon shrunk on its breach.--_adjs._ FRET'TED, FRET'TY, ornamented with frets.--_n._ FRET'-WORK, ornamental work consisting of a combination of frets, perforated work. [O. Fr. _frete_, trellis-work.]

FRET, fret, _n._ a short wire on the finger-board of a guitar or other instrument.--_v.t._ to furnish with frets. [Prob. same as the above.]

FRIABLE, fr[=i]'a-bl, _adj._ apt to crumble: easily reduced to powder.--_ns._ FR[=I]'ABLENESS, FRIABIL'ITY. [Fr.,--L. _friabilis_--_fri[=a]re_, _fri[=a]tum_, to crumble.]

FRIAR, fr[=i]'ar, _n._ a member of one of the mendicant monastic orders in the R.C. Church--the Franciscans (_Friars Minor_ or _Gray Friars_), Dominicans (_Friars Major_, _Friars Preachers_, or _Black Friars_), Carmelites (_White Friars_), and Augustinians (_Austin Friars_).--_adj._ FR[=I]'ARLY, like a friar.--_n._ FR[=I]'ARY, a monastery.--FRIARS' BALSAM (see BENZOIN); FRIAR'S CAP, the wolf's-bane; FRIAR'S COWL, the wake-robin; FRIAR'S LANTERN, the ignis-fatuus or Will-o'-the-wisp. [O. Fr. _frere_--L. _frater_, a brother.]

FRIBBLE, frib'l, _v.i._ to trifle.--_n._ a trifler.--_ns._ FRIBB'LEDOM; FRIBB'LEISM; FRIBB'LER.--_adj._ FRIBB'LISH, trifling. [Onomatopoeic; prob. influenced by _frivol_.]

FRICANDEAU, frik-an-d[=o]', _n._ a thick slice of veal, &c., larded. [Fr., perh. from _friand_, dainty, nice, and perh. ult. conn. with _fricassee_.]

FRICASSEE, frik-as-s[=e]', _n._ a dish made of fowl, rabbit, &c. cut into pieces and cooked in sauce.--_v.t._ to dress as a fricassee:--_pr.p._ fricassee'ing; _pa.p._ fricasseed'. [Fr. _fricass['e]e_; origin unknown.]

FRICTION, frik'shun, _n._ the act of rubbing: (_statics_) a force acting in the tangent plane of two bodies, when one slides or rolls upon another, and always in a direction opposite to that in which the moving body tends: difficulty, unpleasantness.--_adjs._ FRIC'ATIVE, produced by friction, used of those consonants which are produced by the breath being forced through a narrow opening; FRIC'TIONAL, relating to, moved by, or produced by friction.--_n._ FRIC'TION-GEAR'ING, a method of imparting the motion of one wheel or pulley to another by mere contact.--_adj._ FRIC'TIONLESS, having no friction.--_n.pl._ FRIC'TION-WHEELS, wheels that lessen friction. [Fr.,--L. _frictionem_--_fric[=a]re_, _frictum_, to rub.]

FRIDAY, fr[=i]'d[=a], _n._ the sixth day of the week.--BLACK FRIDAY, Good Friday, from the black vestments of the clergy and altar in the Western Church: any Friday marked by a great calamity; GOOD FRIDAY, the Friday before Easter, kept in commemoration of the Crucifixion; HOLY FRIDAY, Friday in an ember-week--also GOLDEN FRIDAY, sometimes put for Good Friday itself. [A.S. _Fr['i]gedaeg_, day of (the goddess) _Fr['i]g_--Latinised _Frigga_--wife of Odin.]

FRIDGE, frij, _v.t._ (_Sterne_) to rub or fray.

FRIED, fr[=i]d, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _fry_.

FRIEND, frend, _n._ one loving or attached to another: an intimate acquaintance: a favourer: one of a society so called: (_Scot._) a relative.--_v.t._ (_obs._) to befriend.--_adj._ FRIEND'ED, supplied with friends.--_n._ FRIEND'ING (_Shak._), friendliness.--_adj._ FRIEND'LESS, without friends: destitute.--_n._ FRIEND'LESSNESS.--_adv._ FRIEND'LILY.--_n._ FRIEND'LINESS.--_adj._ FRIEND'LY, like a friend: having the disposition of a friend: favourable: pertaining to the Friends or Quakers.--_n._ FRIEND'SHIP, attachment from mutual esteem: friendly assistance.--FRIENDLY SOCIETIES, or _Benefit societies_, associations, chiefly among mechanics, &c., for relief during sickness, old age, widowhood, by provident insurance.--BE FRIENDS WITH, to be on intimate or friendly relations with; HAVE A FRIEND AT COURT, to have a friend in a position where his influence is likely to prove useful; SOCIETY OF FRIENDS, the designation proper of a sect of Christians better known as Quakers. [A.S. _fr['e]ond_, pr.p. of _fr['e]on_, to love; Ger. _freund_.]

FRIER, fr[=i]'[.e]r, _n._ (_Milt._) a friar.

FRIEZE, fr[=e]z, _n._ a coarse woollen cloth with a nap on one side.--_adj._ FRIEZED, napped. [Fr. _frise_.]

FRIEZE, fr[=e]z, _n._ (_archit._) the part of the entablature between the architrave and cornice, often ornamented with figures.--_v.t._ to put a frieze on. [O. Fr. _frize_; It. _fregio_; perh. L. _Phrygium_, Phrygian.]

FRIGATE, frig'[=a]t, _n._ in the Royal Navy, formerly a vessel in the class next to ships of the line, carrying 28 to 60 guns on the maindeck and a raised quarter-deck and forecastle--not now denoting a distinct class of vessels.--_ns._ FRIG'ATE-BIRD, a large tropical sea-bird, with very long wings; FRIGATOON', a small Venetian vessel with square stern and two masts. [O. Fr. _fregate_--It. _fregata_; ety. dub.]

FRIGHT, fr[=i]t, _n._ sudden fear: terror: anything inspiring terror or alarm, a figure of grotesque or ridiculous appearance.--_vs.t._ FRIGHT, FRIGHT'EN, to make afraid: to alarm.--_adjs._ FRIGHT'ABLE, FRIGHT'ENABLE, timid; FRIGHT'FUL, terrible: shocking.--_adv._ FRIGHT'FULLY.--_n._ FRIGHT'FULNESS.--_adj._ FRIGHT'SOME, frightful: feeling fright. [A.S. _fyrhto_; cf. Ger. _furcht_, fear.]

FRIGID, frij'id, _adj._ frozen or stiffened with cold: cold: without spirit or feeling: unanimated.--_n._ FRIGID'ITY, coldness: coldness of affection: want of animation.--_adv._ FRIG'IDLY.--_n._ FRIG'IDNESS.--_adj._ FRIGORIF'IC, causing cold.--FRIGID ZONES, the parts of the earth's surface within the circle drawn with the poles as centre, and a radius of 23-1/2 degrees. [L. _frigidus_--_frig[=e]re_, to be cold--_frigus_, cold.]

FRIGOT, frig'ot, _n._ (_Spens._). Same as FRIGATE.

FRIJOLE, fr[=e]-h[=o]l', _n._ the common Mexican bean. [Sp.]

FRILL, fril, _v.i._ to ruffle, as a hawk its feathers, when shivering.--_v.t._ to furnish with a frill.--_n._ a ruffle: a ruffled or crimped edging of linen.--_ns._ FRILLED'-LIZ'ARD, a lizard with an extraordinary frilled membrane attached to the hinder part of the head, neck, and chest, and covering its shoulders; FRILL'ING, frilled edging. [Usually conn. with O. Fr. _friller_, to shiver; but prob. related to _furl_.]

FRIMAIRE, fr[=e]-m[=a]r', _n._ the third month of the French revolutionary calendar, Nov. 21-Dec. 20. [Fr. _frimas_, frost.]

FRINGE, frinj, _n._ loose threads forming an ornamental border: anything like a fringe, even a girl's hair cut in front and falling over the brow: the extremity.--_v.t._ to adorn with fringe: to border.--_adjs._ FRINGED; FRINGE'LESS; FRING'ENT, fringing.--_n._ FRINGE'-TREE, in the United States, a large shrub with very numerous snow-white flowers in panicled racemes.--_adj._ FRING'Y, ornamented with fringes. [O. Fr. _frenge_--L. _fimbria_, threads, fibres, akin to _fibra_, a fibre.]

FRINGILLACEOUS, frin-ji-l[=a]'shi-us, _adj._ pertaining to the finches or _Fringillidae_.--Also FRINGIL'LIFORM, FRINGIL'LINE. [L. _fringilla_.]

FRIPPERY, frip'[.e]r-i, _n._ worn-out clothes: the place where old clothes are sold: useless trifles.--_adj._ useless: trifling.--_n._ FRIPP'ER, one who deals in old clothes. [O. Fr. _freperie_, _frepe_, a rag.]

FRISETTE. See FRIZZLE.

FRISEUR, fris-[.e]r', _n._ a hair-dresser.--_n._ FRIS'URE, mode of curling the hair. [Fr. _friser_, to curl.]

FRISIAN, friz'i-an, _adj._ and _n._ pertaining to the people of _Friesland_, or to their language.--Also FRIES'IAN, FRIES'IC, FRIES'ISH.

FRISK, frisk, _v.i._ to gambol: to leap playfully.--_n._ a frolic.--_n._ FRISK'ER.--_adj._ FRISK'FUL, brisk, lively.--_adv._ FRISK'ILY.--_n._ FRISK'INESS.--_adj._ FRISK'ING.--_adv._ FRISK'INGLY.--_adj._ FRISK'Y, lively: jumping with gaiety: frolicsome. [O. Fr. _frisque_; acc. to Skeat, from Ice. _fr['i]skr_, Sw. and Dan. _frisk_.]

FRISKET, frisk'[.e]t, _n._ (_print._) the light frame between the tympan and the form, to hold in place the sheet to be printed. [Fr. _frisquette_.]

FRIT, frit, _n._ the mixed materials of which glass is made, after being heated until they fuse partially without melting.--_v.t._ to fuse partially without melting:--_pr.p._ _frit'ting_; _pa.p._ frit'ted. [Fr. _fritte_--It. _fritta_.--L. _frig[)e]re_, _frictum_, to roast.]

FRIT, frit, _n._ a small fly destructive to wheat.

FRITH, frith, FIRTH, f[.e]rth, _n._ a narrow inlet of the sea, esp. at a river-mouth. [Ice. _fi[:o]rdhr_; Norw. _fiord_.]

FRITH, frith, _n._ peace.--_ns._ FRITH'BORG (_A.S. law_), one of the tithings or groups of ten men into which the hundred was divided, the members of each being accountable for a fellow-member's misdeeds; FRITH'GILD, a union of neighbours pledged to one another for the preservation of peace; FRITH'SOKEN, the jurisdiction to punish for breaches of the peace; FRITH'STOOL, a chair of sanctuary, placed near the altar in a church--as at Hexham and Beverley. [A.S. _frith_, peace; Ger. _friede_.]

FRITH, frith, _n._ forest. [A.S. _(ge)fyrhdhe_.]

FRITILLARY, frit'il-lar-i, _n._ a genus of plants of the order _Liliaceae_, with drooping purple flowers: a species of butterfly. [L. _fritillus_, a dice-box.]

FRITTER, frit'[.e]r, _n._ a piece of meat fried: a kind of pancake, a slice of some fruit sweetened, fried, and served hot: a fragment.--_v.t._ to break into fragments.--_n._ FRITT'ERER, one who wastes time. [O. Fr. _friture_--L. _frig[)e]re_, _frictum_, to fry.]

FRIVOLOUS, friv'ol-us, _adj._ trifling: silly.--_n._ FRIVOL'ITY, act or habit of trifling: levity.--_adv._ FRIV'OLOUSLY.--_n._ FRIV'OLOUSNESS. [Fr. _frivole_--L. _frivolus_.]

FRIZZ, FRIZ, friz, _v.t._ to curl: to render rough and tangled.--_n._ a curl, a wig.--_adjs._ FRIZZED, having the hair curled or crisped into frizzes; FRIZZ'Y. [O. Fr. _friser_, to curl; perh. conn. with _frieze_, cloth.]

FRIZZLE, friz'l, _v.t._ to form in small short curls.--_v.i._ to go into curls.--_n._ a curl.--_ns._ FRIZETTE', FRISETTE', a cluster of small curls worn over the forehead.--_adj._ FRIZZ'LY. [Related to _frizz_ and _frieze_.]

FRO, fr[=o], _adv._ from: back or backward.--_prep._ (_obs._) from. [A shortened form of _from_; but perh. directly derived from Ice. _fr['a]_, from.]

FROCK, frok, _n._ a wide-sleeved garment worn by monks: a loose upper garment worn by men: a sailor's jersey: a gown worn by females: an undress regimental coat.--_v.t._ to furnish with a frock: to invest with priestly office.--_n._ FROCK'-COAT, a double-breasted full-skirted coat for men.--_adj._ FROCKED, clothed in a frock.--_n._ FROCK'ING, cloth suitable for frocks, coarse jean.--_adj._ FROCK'LESS, wanting a frock. [O. Fr. _froc_, a monk's frock--Low L. _frocus_--L. _floccus_, a flock of wool; or more prob. (acc. to Brachet and Littr['e]) from Low L. _hrocus_--Old High Ger. _hroch_ (Ger. _rock_), a coat.]

FROG, frog, _n._ a genus of tailless amphibians, with webbed feet, remarkable for its rapid swimming and leaping: a soft, horny substance in the middle of the sole of a horse's foot, forking towards the heel: a section of a rail or rails at a point where two lines cross, or of a switch from one line to another.--_ns._ FROG'-BIT, a small aquatic plant, allied to the water-soldier, but with floating leaves; FROG'-EAT'ER, one who eats frogs, a Frenchman; FROG'-FISH, a name for various fishes, esp. the angler; FROG'GERY, frogs collectively: a place where frogs abound.--_adj._ FROG'GY, having or abounding in frogs.--_ns._ FROG'-HOP'PER, FROG'-SPIT (see FROTH-FLY); FROG'LING, a little frog.--FROG MARCH, a method of carrying a refractory or drunken prisoner face downwards between four men, each holding a limb. [A.S. _frogga_, _frox_; cog. with Ice. _froskr_; Ger. _frosch_.]

FROG, frog, _n._ an ornamental fastening or tasselled button for a frock or cloak.--_adj._ FROGGED, in uniforms, of ornamental stripes or workings of braid or lace, mostly on the breast of a coat.

FROISE, froiz, _n._ a kind of pancake or omelette, often with slices of bacon.--Also _Fraise_. [Fr.]

FROLIC, frol'ik, _adj._ merry: pranky.--_n._ gaiety: a wild prank: a merry-making.--_v.i._ to play wild pranks or merry tricks: to gambol:--_pr.p._ frol'icking; _pa.p._ frol'icked.--_adj._ FROL'ICSOME, gay: sportive.--_adv._ FROL'ICSOMELY.--_n._ FROL'ICSOMENESS. [Dut. _vrolijk_, merry; cf. Ger. _fr[:o]hlich_, joyful, gay.]

FROM, from, _prep._ forth: out of, as from a source: away: at a distance: springing out of: by reason of. [A.S. _fram_, _from_; akin to Goth. _fram_, Ice. _fr['a]_.]

FROND, frond, _n._ (_bot._) a leaf-like expansion in many cryptogamous plants, organs in which the functions of stem and leaf are combined.--_adjs._ FROND'ED, having fronds; FROND'ENT, leafy.--_n._ FRONDES'CENCE, act of putting forth leaves: the season for putting forth leaves.--_adjs._ FRONDES'CENT, springing into leaf; FRONDIF'EROUS, bearing or producing fronds; FRONDOSE', covered with fronds. [L. _frons_, _frondis_, a leaf.]

FRONDE, frond, _n._ the name given to certain factions in France during the minority of Louis XIV., hostile to the court and the minister Mazarin.--_n._ FROND'EUR, a member of the Fronde: an irreconcilable. [Fr., a sling--L. _funda_.]

FRONT, frunt, _n._ the forehead: the whole face: the forepart of anything: a kind of wig worn by ladies: the most conspicuous part: boldness: impudence.--_adj._ of, relating to, or in the front.--_v.t._ to stand in front of or opposite: to oppose face to face.--_v.i._ to stand in front or foremost: to turn the front or face in any direction.--_n._ FRONT'AGE, the front part of a building.--_adj._ FRONT'AL, of or belonging to the front or forehead.--_n._ a front-piece: something worn on the forehead or face: (_archit._) a pediment over a door or window: a hanging of silk, satin, &c., embroidered for an altar--now usually covering only the top, the _superfrontal_--formerly covering the whole of the front, corresponding to the _antependium_.--_adjs._ FRONT'ATE, -D (_bot._), growing broader and broader: (_zool._) having a prominent frons or forehead; FRONT'ED, formed with a front; FRONT'LESS, void of shame or modesty.--_adv._ FRONT'LESSLY.--_n._ FRONT'LET, a band worn on the forehead.--_advs._ FRONT'WARD, -S, towards the front.--COME TO THE FRONT, to become conspicuous: to attain an important position; IN FRONT OF, before. [O. Fr.,--L. _frons_, _frontis_, the forehead.]

FRONTIER, front'[=e]r, _n._ the boundary of a territory: (_Shak._) an outwork.--_adj._ lying on the frontier: bordering.--_v.t._ (_Spens._) to place on the frontier.--_n._ FRONT'IERSMAN, one settled on the borders of a country. [O. Fr. _frontier_--L. _frons_.]

FRONTISPIECE, front'i-sp[=e]s, _n._ (_archit._) the principal face of a building: a figure or engraving in front of a book.--_v.t._ to put as a frontispiece, to furnish with such. [Fr.,--Low L. _frontispicium_--frons, forehead, _spec[)e]re_, to see; not conn. with _piece_.]

FRONTON, fron'ton, _n._ (_archit._) a pediment.--Also FRON'TOON. [Fr.]

FRORE, fr[=o]r, FROREN, fr[=o]'ren, _adj._ frozen, frosty.--_adj._ FR[=O]'RY (_Spens._), frozen. [A.S. _froren_, pa.p. of _fr['e]osan_, to freeze.]

FROST, frost, _n._ the state of the atmosphere in which water freezes: state of being frozen: frozen dew, also called _hoar-frost_: (_slang_) a disappointment, a cheat.--_v.t._ to cover with hoar-frost or with anything resembling hoar-frost: to sharpen (the points of a horse's shoe) that it may not slip on ice.--_n._ FROST'-BITE, the freezing or depression of vitality in a part of the body by exposure to cold.--_v.t._ to affect with frost.--_adjs._ FROST'-BIT'TEN, bitten or affected by frost; FROST'-BOUND, bound or confined by frost; FROST'ED, covered by frost or any fine powder: injured by frost.--_adv._ FROST'ILY.--_ns._ FROST'INESS; FROST'ING, the composition, resembling hoar-frost, used to cover cake, &c.--_adj._ FROST'LESS, free from frost.--_n._ FROST'-NAIL, a projecting nail in a horse-shoe serving as an ice-calk.--_v.t._ to put in such nails.--_ns._ FROST'-SMOKE, vapour frozen in the atmosphere, and having a smoke-like appearance; FROST'-WORK, work resembling hoar-frost on shrubs, &c.--_adj._ FROST'Y, producing or containing frost: chill in affection: frost-like. [A.S. _frost_, _forst_--_fr['e]osan_; cf. Ger. _frost_.]

FROTH, froth, _n._ the foam on liquids caused by boiling, or any agitation: (_fig._) an empty show in speech: any light matter.--_v.t._ to cause froth on.--_v.i._ to throw up froth.--_ns._ FROTH'ERY, mere froth; FROTH'-FLY, also FROTH'-HOP'PER, FROG'-HOP'PER, FROG'-SPIT, common names for numerous insects parasitic on plants, on which the larvae and pupae are found surrounded by a frothy spittle.--_adv._ FROTH'ILY.--_n._ FROTH'INESS.--_adjs._ FROTH'LESS, free from froth; FROTH'Y, full of froth or foam: empty: unsubstantial. [Scand., as in Ice. _frodha_, Dan. _fraade_.]

FROUNCE, frowns, _v.t._ to plait: to curl: to wrinkle up: to frown.--_n._ a plait or curl.--_v.i._ (_obs._) to frown or wrinkle the brow. [O. Fr. _froncier_. See FLOUNCE (2), of which it is an older form.]

FROW, frow, _n._ a Dutchwoman. [Dut. _vrouw_.]

FROWARD, fr[=o]'ward, _adj._ (_Spens._) turned from: self-willed: perverse: unreasonable--opp. to _Toward_.--_adv._ FR[=O]'WARDLY.--_n._ FR[=O]'WARDNESS. [A.S. _fra_, away, with affix _-ward_.]

FROWN, frown, _v.i._ to wrinkle the brow as in anger: to look angry.--_v.t._ to repel by a frown.--_n._ a wrinkling or contraction of the brow in displeasure, &c.: a stern look.--_adj._ FROWN'ING, gloomy.--_adv._ FROWN'INGLY. [From O. Fr. _froignier_ (mod. _refrogner_), to knit the brow; origin unknown.]

FROWY, frow'i, _adj._ (_Spens._) musty, rancid.

FROWZY, frow'zi, _adj._ rough and tangled.--Also FROW'SY. [Perh. conn. with _frounce_.]

FROZEN, fr[=o]z'n, _pa.p._ of _freeze_.

FRUCTIDOR, fruk-ti-d[=o]r', _n._ the twelfth month in the French revolutionary calendar, Aug. 18-Sept. 16. [Fr.,--L. _fructus_, fruit; Gr. _d[=o]ron_, a gift.]

FRUCTIFY, fruk'ti-f[=i], _v.t._ to make fruitful: to fertilise.--_v.i._ to bear fruit.--_adj._ FRUCT'ED (_her._), bearing fruit.--_n._ FRUCTES'CENCE, the time for the ripening of fruit.--_adj._ FRUCTIF'EROUS, bearing fruit.--_ns._ FRUCTIFIC[=A]'TION, act of fructifying, or producing fruit: (_bot._) a term denoting sometimes the whole reproductive system, sometimes the 'fruit' itself; FRUC'TOSE, fruit sugar or levulose; FRUC'TUARY, one enjoying the fruits of anything.--_adj._ FRUC'TUOUS, full of fruit. [Fr.,--L.,--_fructus_, fruit.]

FRUGAL, fr[=oo]'gal, _adj._ economical in the use of means: thrifty.--_ns._ FRU'GALIST, one who is frugal; FRUGAL'ITY, economy: thrift.--_adv._ FRU'GALLY. [L. _frugalis_--_frugi_, fit for food--_frux_, _frugis_, fruit.]

FRUGIFEROUS, fr[=oo]-jif'[.e]r-us, _adj._ fruit-bearing.--_adj._ FRUGIV'OROUS, feeding on fruits or seeds. [L. _frux_, _frugis_--_ferre_, to carry, _vor[=a]re_, to eat.]

FRUIT, fr[=oo]t, _n._ the produce of the earth, which supplies the wants of men and animals: the part of a plant which contains the seed: the offspring of animals: product, consequence, effect, advantage--(_Spens._) FRUICT.--_v.i._ to produce fruit.--_ns._ FRUIT'AGE, fruit collectively: fruits; FRUIT'-BUD, a bud that produces fruit; FRUIT'-CAKE, a cake containing raisins, &c.; FRUIT'ERER, one who deals in fruit:--_fem._ FRUIT'ERESS; FRUIT'ERY, a place for storing fruit: fruitage.--_adj._ FRUIT'FUL, producing fruit abundantly: productive.--_adv._ FRUIT'FULLY.--_ns._ FRUIT'FULNESS; FRUIT'ING, process of bearing fruit; FRUIT'-KNIFE, a knife with a blade of silver, &c., for cutting fruit.--_adj._ FRUIT'LESS, barren: without profit: useless.--_adv._ FRUIT'LESSLY.--_ns._ FRUIT'LESSNESS; FRUIT'-TREE, a tree yielding edible fruit.--_adj._ FRUIT'Y, like, or tasting like, fruit.--SMALL FRUITS, strawberries, currants, &c. [O. Fr. _fruit_, _fruict_--L. _fructus_--_frui_, _fructus_, to enjoy.]

FRUITION, fr[=oo]-ish'un, _n._ enjoyment: use or possession of anything, esp. accompanied with pleasure.--_adj._ FRU'ITIVE, of or pertaining to fruition. [O. Fr. _fruition_--L. _frui_, to enjoy.]

FRUMENTATION, fr[=oo]-men-t[=a]'shun, _n._ a largess of grain bestowed on the starving or turbulent people in ancient Rome.--_adjs._ FRUMENT[=A]'CEOUS, made of or resembling wheat or other grain; FRUMENT[=A]'RIOUS, pertaining to corn. [L. _frumentation-em_--_frument[=a]ri_, to provide with corn--_frumentum_, corn.]

FRUMENTY, fr[=oo]'men-ti, _n._ food made of hulled wheat boiled in milk.--Also FUR'METY. [O. Fr. _frumentee_, wheat boiled--_frument_--L. _frumentum_.]

FRUMP, frump, _n._ a dowdy and cross-grained woman: (_obs._) a flout or snub.--_v.t._ (_obs._) to snub.--_adjs._ FRUMP'ISH, FRUMP'Y, sour-tempered: ill-dressed.

FRUMPLE, frum'pl, _v.t._ (_prov._) to wrinkle.

FRUSH, frush, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to break, bruise, or crush.--_adj._ broken or crushed: brittle.--_n._ an onset, attack. [O. Fr. _froissier_, to bruise--L. _frustum_, fragment.]

FRUSH, frush, _n._ (_prov._) the frog of a horse's foot: a disease in that part of a horse's foot.

FRUSTRATE, frus'tr[=a]t, _v.t._ to make vain or of no effect: to bring to nothing: to defeat.--_p.adj._ vain, ineffectual, defeated.--_adj._ FRUS'TRABLE, capable of being frustrated.--_n._ FRUSTR[=A]'TION, disappointment: defeat.--_adjs._ FRUS'TRATIVE, tending to frustrate; FRUS'TRATORY, disappointing. [L. _frustr[=a]ri_, _frustr[=a]tus_--_frustra_, in vain.]

FRUSTULE, frus't[=u]l, _n._ the siliceous two-valved shell of a diatom, with its contents.

FRUSTUM, frus'tum, _n._ a slice of a solid body: the part of a cone which remains when the top is cut off by a plane parallel to the base. [L. _frustum_, a bit.]

FRUTESCENT, fr[=oo]-tes'ent, _adj._ becoming shrubby; FRU'TEX, a shrub.--_adjs._ FRU'TICOSE, FRU'TICOUS, shrub-like: shrubby; FRUTIC'ULOSE, like a small shrub. [L. _frutesc[)e]re_--_frutex_, _fruticis_, a shrub.]

FRUTIFY, fr[=oo]'ti-f[=i], _v.t._ and _v.i._ (_Shak._)=FRUCTIFY.

FRY, fr[=i], _v.t._ to dress food with oil or fat in a pan over the fire: to vex.--_v.i._ to undergo the action of heat in a frying-pan: to simmer: (_Spens._) to boil:--_pr.p._ fry'ing; _pa.p._ fried.--_n._ a dish of anything fried.--_n._ FRY'ING-PAN, a flat iron vessel or pan for frying with.--OUT OF THE FRYING-PAN INTO THE FIRE, out of one evil or danger merely to fall into a greater. [Fr. _frire_--L. _frig[)e]re_; cf. Gr. _phrygein_.]

FRY, fr[=i], _n._ a swarm of fishes just spawned: a number of small things.--SMALL FRY, small things collectively, persons or things of little importance. [M. E. _fri_--Ice. _fri['o]_; Dan. and Sw. _fr[:o]_.]

FUAR. Same as FEUAR.

FUB, fub, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to put off, to cheat: to steal.--_n._ FUB'BERY (_obs._), deception.--FUB OFF, to put off or evade by a trick or a lie. [See FOB.]

FUBBY, fub'i, FUBSY, fub'zi, _adj._ chubby. [Ety. dub.]

FUCHSIA, f[=u]'shi-a, a plant with long pendulous flowers, native to South America. [Named after Leonard _Fuchs_, a German botanist, 1501-66.]

FUCUS, f[=u]'kus, _n._ a genus of seaweed containing the wrack and other species: a dye: a disguise.--_adj._ FUCIV'OROUS, eating seaweed.--_n._ F[=U]'COID, fossil seaweed.--_adj._ containing fucoids.--_adj._ F[=U]'CUSED, painted. [L. _fucus_, seaweed.]

FUD, fud, _n._ (_Scot._) a hare's tail: the buttocks.

FUDDLE, fud'l, _v.t._ to stupefy with drink.--_v.i._ to drink to excess or habitually:--_pr.p._ fudd'ling; _pa.p._ fudd'led.--_n._ intoxicating drink.--_ns._ FUDD'LE-CAP, a hard drinker; FUDD'LER, a drunkard.--_adj._ FUDD'LING, tippling. [Cf. Dut. _vod_, soft, Ger. prov. _fuddeln_, to swindle.]

FUDGE, fuj, _n._ stuff: nonsense: an exclamation of contempt.--_v.i._ and _v.t._ to botch or bungle anything.--_adj._ FUD'GY, irritable: awkward.

FUEL, f[=u]'el, _n._ anything that feeds a fire, supplies energy, &c.--_v.t._ (_arch._) to furnish with fuel.--_adj._ F[=U]'ELLED, furnished with fuel.--_n._ F[=U]'ELLER, one who, or that which, supplies fuel for fires. [O. Fr. _fowaille_--L. _focale_--L. _focus_, a fireplace.]

FUERO, fw[=a]'r[=o], _n._ the constitution of certain practically autonomous states and communities in northern Spain and south-western France--the Basque provinces, Navarre, Bearn, &c.: modes and tenures of property, &c., nearly equivalent to the French customary law. [Sp.,--L. _forum_.]

FUFF, fuf, _n._ (_Scot._) a puff: the spitting of a cat: a burst of anger.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ to puff.--_adj._ FUFF'Y, light and soft.

FUGACIOUS, f[=u]-g[=a]'shus, _adj._ apt to flee away: fleeting.--_ns._ FUG[=A]'CIOUSNESS, FUGAC'ITY. [L. _fugax_, _fugacis_, from _fug[)e]re_, to flee.]

FUGITIVE, f[=u]j'i-tiv, _adj._ apt to flee away: uncertain: volatile: perishable: temporary: occasional, written for some passing occasion.--_n._ one who flees or has fled from his station or country: one hard to be caught.--_ns._ F[=U]'GIE (_Scot._), a cock that will not fight, a runaway; F[=U]'GIE-WARR'ANT, a warrant to apprehend a debtor about to abscond, prob. from the phrase _in meditatione fugae_; FUGIT[=A]'TION (_Scots law_), absconding from justice: outlawry.--_adv._ FUG'ITIVELY.--_n._ FUG'ITIVENESS. [Fr.,--L. _fugitivus_, _fug[)e]re_, to flee.]

FUGLEMAN, f[=u]'gl-man, _n._ a soldier who stands before a company at drill as an example: a ringleader, mouthpiece of others.--_v.i._ F[=U]'GLE (_Carlyle_), to act like a fugleman. [Ger. _fl[:u]gelmann_, the leader of a file--_fl[:u]gel_, a wing, _mann_, man.]

FUGUE, f[=u]g, _n._ (_mus._) a form of composition in which the subject is given out by one part and immediately taken up by a second, its _answer_, during which the first part supplies an accompaniment or counter-subject, and so on.--_n._ FUG'UIST, one who writes or plays fugues. [Fr.,--It. _fuga_--L. _fuga_, flight.]

FULCRUM, ful'krum, _n._ (_mech._) the prop or fixed point on which a lever moves: a prop:--_pl._ FUL'CRUMS, FUL'CRA.--_adj._ FUL'CRATE, supported with fulcrums. [L. _fulcrum_, a prop, _fulc[=i]re_, to prop.]

FULFIL, fool-fil', _v.t._ to complete: to accomplish: to carry into effect:--_pr.p._ fulfil'ling; _pa.p._ fulfilled'.--_ns._ FULFIL'LER; FULFIL'LING, FULFIL'MENT, full performance: completion: accomplishment. [A.S. _fullfyllan_--_full_, full, _fyllan_, to fill.]

FULGENT, ful'jent, _adj._ shining: bright.--_n._ FUL'GENCY.--_adv._ FUL'GENTLY.--_adj._ FUL'GID, flashing.--_ns._ FUL'GOR, FUL'GOUR, splendour.--_adj._ FUL'GOROUS, flashing. [L. _fulgent_, pr.p. of _fulg[=e]re_, to shine.]

FULGURATE, ful'g[=u]-r[=a]t, _v.i._ to flash as lightning.--_adjs._ FUL'GURAL, pertaining to lightning; FUL'GURANT, flashing like lightning.--_ns._ FULGUR[=A]'TION, in assaying, the sudden and final brightening of the fused globule; FUL'GUR[=I]TE, a tube of vitrified sand frequent in loose sandhills--prob. due to lightning--_adj._ FUL'GUROUS, resembling lightning.

FULHAM, ful'am, _n._ a die loaded at the corner.--Also FULL'AM, FULL'AN. [Prob. the place-name _Fulham_.]

FULIGINOUS, f[=u]-lij'i-nus, _adj._ sooty: smoky.--_n._ FULIGINOS'ITY.--_adv._ FULIG'INOUSLY. [L., _fuligo_, soot.]