Part 61

LANCINATE, lan'sin-[=a]t, _v.t._ to lacerate.--_n._ LANCIN[=A]'TION, sharp, shooting pain. [L. _lancin[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_, to tear.]

LAND, land, _n._ earth, the solid portion of the surface of the globe: a country: a district: soil: real estate: a nation or people: (_Scot._) a group of dwellings or tenements under one roof and having a common entry.--_v.t._ to set on land or on shore.--_v.i._ to come on land or on shore.--_ns._ LAND'-[=A]'GENT, a person employed by the owner of an estate to let farms, collect rents, &c.; LAND'-BREEZE, a breeze setting from the land towards the sea; LAND'-CRAB, a family of crabs which live much or chiefly on land.--_v.t._ LAND'DAMN (_Shak._), to banish from the land.--_adj._ LAND'ED, possessing land or estates: consisting in land or real estate.--_ns._ LAND'ER, one who lands; LAND'FALL, a landslip: an approach to land after a voyage, also the land so approached; LAND'-FISH (_Shak._), a fish on land, any one acting contrary to his usual character; LAND'-FLOOD, a flooding or overflowing of land by water: inundation; LAND'FORCE, a military force serving on land, as distinguished from a naval force; LAND'-GRAB'BER, one who acquires land by harsh and grasping means: one who is eager to occupy land from which others have been evicted; LAND'-GRAB'BING, the act of the land-grabber; LAND'-HERD, a herd of animals which feed on land; LAND'-HOLD'ER, a holder or proprietor of land; LAND'-HUNG'ER, greed for the acquisition of land; LAND'ING, act of going on land from a vessel: a place for getting on shore: the level part of a staircase between the flights of steps.--_adj._ relating to the unloading of a vessel's cargo.--_ns._ LAND'ING-NET, a kind of scoop-net for landing a fish that has been caught; LAND'ING-PLACE, a place for landing, as from a vessel; LAND'ING-STAGE, a platform for landing passengers or goods carried by water, often rising and falling with the tide; LAND'-JOB'BER, a speculator in land; LAND'-JOB'BING; LAND'LADY, a woman who has property in land or houses: the mistress of an inn or lodging-house.--_adj._ LAND'LESS (_Shak._), without land or property.--_v.t._ LAND'LOCK, to enclose by land.---_adj._ LAND'-LOCKED, almost shut in by land, protected by surrounding masses of land from the force of wind and waves.--_ns._ LAND'LORD, the owner of land or houses: the master of an inn or lodging-house; LAND'LORDISM, the authority or united action of the landholding class; LAND'-LUBB'ER, a landsman (a term used by sailors); LAND'MARK, anything serving to mark the boundaries of land: any object on land that serves as a guide to seamen: any distinguishing characteristic; LAND'-MEAS'URE, a system of square measure used in the measurement of land; LAND'-MEAS'URING, the art of estimating the superficial content of portions of land; LAND'-OWN'ER, one who owns land; LAND'-OWN'ERSHIP.--_adj._ LAND'-OWN'ING.--_ns._ LAND'-P[=I]'LOT, (_Milt._), a guide on land; LAND'-P[=I]'RATE, a highway robber: a fellow who makes a practice of swindling sailors in port; LAND'RAIL, the crake or corncrake, so named from its cry; LAND'-RAK'ER (_Shak._), a vagabond; LAND'-REEVE, the assistant to the land-steward of a great estate; LAND'-ROLL, a clod-crusher; LAND'-SCRIP (_U.S._), negotiable government certificate entitling to possession of certain public land by individuals or corporate bodies; LAND'-SHARK, a land-grabber: one who plunders sailors on shore; LAND'SKIP (same as LANDSCAPE); LAND'SLIDE, LAND'SLIP, a portion of land that falls down, generally from the side of a hill, usually due to the undermining effect of water; LANDS'MAN, LAND'MAN, one who lives or serves on land: one inexperienced in seafaring; LAND'-SPRING, water lying near the surface, easily drawn upon by shallow wells; LAND'-STEW'ARD, a person who manages a landed estate; LAND'-SURVEY'ING (see SURVEYING); LAND'-TAX, a tax upon land; LAND'-TURN, a land-breeze; LAND'-WAIT'ER, a custom-house officer who attends on the landing of goods from ships.--_adv._ LAND'WARD, toward the land.--_adj._ lying toward the land, away from the sea-coast: situated in or forming part of the country, as opposed to the town: rural.--_n._ LAND'WIND, a wind blowing off the land.--LAND LEAGUE, an association founded in Ireland by Michael Davitt in 1879, and organised by C. S. Parnell, to procure reduction and rearrangement of rents, and to promote the substitution of peasant-proprietors for landlords--condemned as an illegal conspiracy in 1881; LANDED INTEREST, the combined interest of the land-holding class in a community.--MAKE THE LAND, to discover the land as the ship approaches it; SET THE LAND, to observe by the compass how the shore bears from the ship. [A.S. _land_; Dut., Ger. _land_.]

LANDAMMAN, lan'dam-man, _n._ the president of the Swiss Diet: the head official in some Swiss cantons.

LANDAU, lan'daw, _n._ a coach or carriage with a top which may be opened and thrown back. [Ger. _landauer_, from Landau.]

LANDE, land, _n._ an uncultivated healthy plain, esp. a sandy track along the sea-shore in south-western France. [Fr.]

LANDGRAVE, land'gr[=a]v, _n._ a German graf, count, or earl:--_fem._ LANDGRAVINE (land'gra-v[=e]n).--_n._ LANDGR[=A]'VI[=A]TE, the territory of a landgrave. [Dut. _landgraaf_--_land_, land, _graaf_, count.]

LAND-LOUPER, land'-lowp'[.e]r, _n._ a vagabond or vagrant.--Also LAND'-LOP'ER. [Dut. _landloopen_--_land_, land, _loopen_, to ramble; cf. Ger. _landl[:a]ufer_.]

LANDSCAPE, land'-sk[=a]p, _n._ the appearance of that portion of land which the eye can at once view; the aspect of a country, or a picture representing it.--_ns._ LAND'SCAPE-GAR'DENING, the art of laying out grounds and so disposing water, buildings, trees, and other plants as to produce the effect of a picturesque landscape; LAND'SCAPE-PAINT'ER, one who practises this form of art; LAND'SCAPE-PAINT'ING, the art of representing natural scenery by painting. [Dut. _landschap_, from _land_ and _-schap_, a suffix=_-ship_.]

LANDSTHING, l[:a]ns'ting, _n._ the upper house of the Danish Rigsdag or parliament. [Dan., _land_, land, _thing_, parliament.]

LANDSTURM, lant'st[=oo]rm, _n._ in Germany and Switzerland, a general levy in time of national emergency--in the former including all males between seventeen and forty-five: the force so called out. [Ger., _land_, land, _sturm_, alarm.]

LANDTAG, lant'tahh, _n._ the legislative assembly of one of the states forming the modern German empire, as Saxony, Bavaria, &c.: the provincial assembly of Bohemia or Moravia. [Ger., _land_, country, _tag_, diet, day.]

LANDWEHR, l[:a]nt'v[=a]r, _n._ a military force in Germany and Austria forming an army reserve. [Ger., _land_, land, _wehr_, defence.]

LANE, l[=a]n, _n._ an open space between corn-fields, hedges, &c.: a narrow passage or road: a narrow street: a fixed route kept by a line of vessels across the ocean.--A BLIND LANE, a cul-de-sac. [A.S. _lane_; Scot, _loan_, _lonnin_.]

LANE, l[=a]n, a Scotch form of _lone_, _alone_,

LANG, a Scotch form of _long_.--_n._ LANG'SYNE, time long past.--THINK LANG, to weary.

LANGAHA, lan-g[:a]'h[:a], _n._ a Madagascar wood-snake, with a flexible scaly extension on the snout.

LANGET, lang'get, _n._ a strong lace used in women's dress in Holland.

LANGSHAN, lang'shan, _n._ a small black Chinese hen.

LANGSPIEL, lang'sp[=e]l, _n._ a Shetland form of harp.

LANGUAGE, lang'gw[=a]j, _n._ that which is spoken by the tongue: human speech: speech peculiar to a nation: style or expression peculiar to an individual: diction: any manner of expressing thought.--_v.t._ to express in language.--_adjs._ LANG'UAGED, skilled in language; LANG'UAGELESS (_Shak._), speechless, silent; LANG'UED (_her._), furnished with a tongue.--DEAD LANGUAGE, one no longer spoken, as opp. to LIVING LANGUAGE, one still spoken; FLASH LANGUAGE (see FLASH). [Fr. _langage_--_langue_--L. _lingua_ (old form _dingua_), the tongue, akin to L. _ling[=e]re_, Gr. _leichein_.]

LANGUE D'OC, long dok, _n._ collective name for the Romance dialects spoken in the Middle Ages from the Alps to the Pyrenees--the tongue of the troubadours, often used as synonymous with Provencal, one of its chief branches. The name itself survived in the province LANGUEDOC, giving name to a class of wines.--LANGUE D'OUI (long dw[=e]), also LANGUE D'OIL, the Romance dialect of northern France, the language of the trouv[`e]res, the dominant factor in the formation of modern French. [O. Fr. _langue_--L. _lingua_, tongue; _de_, of; Prov. _oc_, yes--L. _hoc_, this; O. Fr. _oui_, _oil_, yes--L. _hoc illud_, this (is) that, yes.]

LANGUETTE, lang'get, _n._ a 16th-century hood worn by women: the tongue of a reed of a harmonium or reed-organ: a key of a wind-instrument. [Fr.]

LANGUID, lang'gwid, _adj._ slack or feeble: flagging: exhausted: sluggish: spiritless.--_adj._ LANGUESC'ENT, growing languid.--_adv._ LANG'UIDLY.--_n._ LANG'UIDNESS. [Fr.,--L. _languidus_--_langu[=e]re_, to be weak.]

LANGUISH, lang'gwish, _v.i._ to become languid or enfeebled: to lose strength and animation: to pine: to become dull, as of trade.--_n._ (_Shak._) languishment.--_adjs._ LANG'UISHED, sunken in languor; LANG'UISHING, expressive of languor, or merely sentimental emotion.--_adv._ LANG'UISHINGLY.--_n._ LANG'UISHMENT, the act or state of languishing: tenderness of look. [Fr. _languir_, _languiss-_,--L. _languesc[)e]re_--_langu[=e]re_, to be faint.]

LANGUOR, lang'gwur, _n._ state of being languid or faint: dullness: listlessness: softness.--_adj._ LANG'UOROUS, full of languor: tedious: melancholy.--_v.t._ LANG'URE (_Spens._), to languish.

LANIARD. Same as LANYARD.

LANIARY, l[=a]'ni-a-ri, _n._ a place of slaughter: shambles.--_adj._ fitted for lacerating or tearing. [L. _laniarium_--_lanius_, a butcher.]

LANIFEROUS, lan-if'[.e]r-us, _adj._ wool-bearing.--Also LANIG'EROUS. [L. _lanifer_, _laniger_--_lana_, wool, _ferre_, _ger[)e]re_, to bear.]

LANK, langk, _adj._ languid or drooping: soft or loose: thin: shrunken: straight and flat.--_v.i._ (_Shak._) to become lank.--_adv._ LANK'LY.--_n._ LANK'NESS.--_adj._ LANK'Y, lank and tall. [A.S. _hlanc_; Dut. _slank_, Ger. _schlank_, slender.]

LANNER, lan'[.e]r, _n._ a kind of falcon.--_n._ LANN'ARET, the male bird. [Fr. _lanier_--L. _laniarius_.]

LANOLIN, lan'[=o]-lin, _n._ an unctuous substance, a mixture of the ethers of cholesterin with fatty acids, used as a basis for ointments, extracted from wool. [L. _lana_, wool, _oleum_, oil.]

LANSQUENET, lans'ke-net, _n._ a 16th-17th cent. mercenary pikeman: a game at cards. [Fr.,--Ger. _landsknecht_--_land_, country, _knecht_, a soldier.]

LANT, lant, _n._ stale urine, used in wool-scouring.

LANTERLOO, lant'[.e]r-l[=oo], _n._ a game at cards, commonly _Loo_. [Dut. _lanterlu_.]

LANTERN, lant'[.e]rn, _n._ a case for holding or carrying a light, the light chamber of a lighthouse: an ornamental structure surmounting a dome to give light and to crown the fabric: the upper square cage which illuminates a corridor or gallery--obs. form, LANT'HORN, from the use of horn for the sides of lanterns.--_v.t._ to furnish with a lantern.--_n._ LANT'ERN-FLY, any insect of family _Fulgoridae_, supposed to emit a strong light in the dark.--_adj._ LANT'ERN-JAWED, thin-faced.--_n.pl._ LANT'ERN-JAWS, thin long jaws.--LANTERN OF THE DEAD, a tower having a small lighted chamber at the top, once common in French cemeteries; LANTERN WHEEL, a kind of cog-wheel, in which a circle of bars or spindles between two heads engages with the cogs of a spur-wheel.--CHINESE LANTERN, a collapsible paper lantern, generally decorated with flowers; DARK LANTERN, a lantern having an opaque slide, capable of being partly or wholly shut at pleasure; MAGIC LANTERN, an optical instrument by means of which magnified images of small pictures are thrown upon a wall or screen. [Fr. _lanterne_--L. _lanterna_--Gr. _lampt[=e]r_--_lampein_, to give light.]

LANTHANUM, lan'tha-num, _n._ a metal discovered in 1839 in cerite, a hydrated silicate of cerium.--Also LAN'TH[=A]NIUM. [Gr. _lanthanein_, to conceal.]

LANUGINOUS, la-n[=u]'jin-us, _adj._ downy: covered with fine soft hair.--_n._ LAN[=U]'GO. [Fr.,--L. _lanuginosus_--_lanugo_, down, _lana_, wool.]

LANX, lanks, _n._ a platter or dish for serving meat at a Roman table:--_pl._ LAN'CES. [L.]

LANYARD, LANIARD, lan'yard, _n._ a short rope used on board ship for fastening or stretching, or for convenience in handling articles. [Fr. _lani[`e]re_, perh. from L. _lanarius_, made of wool--_lana_, wool.]

LAOCO[:O]N, l[=a]-ok'-o-on, _n._ a famous antique group in marble in the Vatican, representing the Trojan priest _Laoco[:o]n_ and his two sons being crushed in the folds of two enormous serpents.

LAODICEAN, l[=a]-od-i-s[=e]'an, _adj._ lukewarm in religion, like the Christians of _Laodicea_ (Rev. iii. 14-16).--_n._ LAODIC[=E]'ANISM, lukewarmness in religion.

LAP, lap, _v.t._ to lick up with the tongue: to wash or flow against.--_v.i._ to drink by licking up a liquid: to make a sound of such a kind:--_pr.p._ lap'ping; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ lapped.--_n._ a motion or sound like lapping. [A.S. _lapian_; Low Ger. _lappen_; L. _lamb[)e]re_, Gr. _laptein_.]

LAP, lap, _n._ the loose or overhanging flap of anything: the part of a substance extending over or partly over the rear of another, or the extent of such extension: the part of the clothes lying on the knees when a person sits down: the part of the body thus covered, esp. with reference to nursing, &c.: a fold: a course or round of the track, as in foot-racing, &c.: at euchre, &c., a carrying over to the next game of a surplus of points from the last: the space over which a steam-engine slide-valve travels after the closing of the steam-passage to or from the cylinder: a rotating disc of lead, copper, leather, &c., charged with an abrasive powder, used in cutting gems, &c.--_v.t._ to lay over or on.--_v.i._ to be spread on or over: to be turned over or upon.--_ns._ LAP'-BOARD, a flat wide board resting on the lap, used by tailors and seamstresses; LAP'-DOG, a small dog fondled in the lap: a pet dog; LAP'FUL, as much as fills a lap.--_adj._ LAP'-JOINT'ED, having joints formed by overlapping edges.--_ns._ LAP'-STONE, a stone which shoemakers hold in the lap to hammer leather on; LAP'-STREAK, a clinker-built boat--also _adj._; LAP'WORK, work containing lap-joints. [A.S. _laeppa_, a loosely hanging part; Ice. _lapa_, to hang loose, Ger. _lappen_, a rag.]

LAP, lap, _v.t._ to wrap, fold, involve.--_ns._ LAP'PER, one who wraps or folds: in cotton manufacturing, a machine which compacts the scutched cotton into a fleece upon the surface of a roller called a lap-roller; LAP'PING, the process of forming a lap or fleece of fibrous material for the carding-machine: the rubbing or polishing of a metal surface: the process of rubbing away the _lands_, or metal between the grooves of a rifled gun, to increase the bore. [M. E. _wlappen_, being a form of _wrap_.]

LAPEL, LAPPEL, LAPELLE, la-pel', _n._ the part of the breast of a coat which laps over and is folded back.--_adj._ LAPELLED'. [Dim. of _lap_.]

LAPIDARY, lap'i-dar-i, _adj._ pertaining to stones and the cutting of stones: pertaining to inscriptions and monuments.--_n._ a cutter of stones, esp. precious stones: a dealer in precious stones--also LAPID[=A]'RIAN, LAP'IDARIST, LAP'IDIST.--_v.t._ LAP'IDATE (_rare_), to pelt with stones.--_n._ LAPID[=A]'TION, punishment by stoning.--_adj._ LAPID'EOUS, stony.--_n._ LAPIDESC'ENCE.--_adj._ LAPIDESC'ENT, becoming stone: petrifying.--_adj._ LAPIDIF'IC.--_n._ LAPIDIFIC[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ LAPID'IFY, to make into stone.--_v.i._ to turn into stone:--_pr.p._ lapid'ifying; _pa.p._ lapid'ified.--_adj._ LAPIL'LIFORM, having the form of small stones.--_ns._ LAPIL'LUS, a fragment of lava ejected from a volcano:--_pl._ LAPIL'LI; L[=A]'PIS, a kind of calico-printing with indigo, the resists acting as methods for other dyes, as madder or quercitron; L[=A]'PIS-LAZ'ULI, a mineral of beautiful ultramarine colour, used largely in ornamental and mosaic work, and for sumptuous altars and shrines.--LAPIS-LAZULI BLUE, a deep blue, sometimes veined with gold, used in decoration, and in the manufacture of S[`e]vres and Oriental porcelain; LAPIS-LAZULI WARE, the name given by Josiah Wedgwood to a particular pebble ware veined with gold upon blue. [L. _lapidarius_--_lapis_, _lapidis_, a stone.]

LAPP, lap, _n._ a Laplander.--_n._ LAP'LANDER, a native or inhabitant of _Lapland_.--_adjs._ LAP'LANDISH; LAPP'ISH.--_n._ the language of the Lapps.

LAPPER-MILK, lap'[.e]r-milk, _n._ (_Scot._) loppered or curdled milk. [Same word as _lopper_ (_obs._)--M. E. _loper_, curdled, prob. conn. with A.S. _hl['e]apan_, to leap, run. Cf. _rennet_, _runnet_, from _run_.]

LAPPET, lap'et, _n._ a little lap or flap.--_adj._ LAPP'ETED.--_n._ LAPP'ET-HEAD, a head-dress made with lappets for lace pendants. [Dim. of _lap_.]

LAPSE, laps, _v.i._ to slip or glide: to pass by degrees: to fall from the faith or from virtue: to fail in duty: to pass to another proprietor, &c., by the negligence of a patron, to become void: to lose certain privileges by neglect of the necessary conditions.--_n._ a slipping or falling: a failing in duty: a fault.--_adj._ LAP'SABLE.--THE LAPSED, the name applied in the early Christian Church to those who, overcome by heathen persecution, fell away from the faith. [L. _labi_, _lapsus_, to slip or fall, _lapsus_, a fall, akin to _lap_.]

LAPUTAN, la-p[=u]'tan, _adj._ pertaining to _Laputa_, a flying island described in Swift's _Gulliver's Travels_ as inhabited by all sorts of ridiculous projectors: absurd: chimerical.

LAPWING, lap'wing, _n._ the name of a bird of the plover family, also called _peewit_, from its peculiar cry. [M. E. _lappewinke_--A.S. _hle['a]pewince_--_hle['a]pan_, to leap or run, and root of _wink_, to turn.]

LAR, l[:a]r, _n._ one of a class of local deities, originally Etruscan, but in Roman usage usually regarded as the tutelary deities of a house:--_pl._ LARES (l[=a]'r[=e]z). [L.]

LAR, l[:a]r, _n._ an Etruscan title, really peculiar to the eldest son, but often mistaken for an integral part of the name.--Also LARS. [L.,--Etruscan _larth_, lord.]

LARBOARD, l[:a]r'b[=o]rd (by sailors, lab'erd), _n._ an obsolete naval term for the left side of a ship looking from the stern, now, by command of the Admiralty, replaced by the term _port_, to prevent the mistakes caused by its resemblance in sound to starboard.--_adj._ pertaining to the port or left side. [Perh. for a conjectural _lade-bord_, the lading-side--_lade_, a load, _bord_, board, side.]

LARCENY, l[:a]r'sen-i, _n._ the legal term in England and Ireland for stealing: theft.--_n._ LAR'CENIST, one who commits larceny: a thief.--_adj._ LAR'CENOUS.--_adv._ LAR'CENOUSLY.--GRAND LARCENY, in England, larceny of property of the value of one shilling or more; PETTY LARCENY, larceny of property less in value than one shilling; SIMPLE LARCENY, as opposed to _Compound larceny_, is larceny uncombined with aggravating circumstances. [O. Fr. _larrecin_ (Fr. _larcin_)--L. _latrocinium_--_latro_, a robber.]

LARCH, l[:a]rch, _n._ a genus (_Larix_) of coniferous trees, distinct from firs (_Abies_), with perfectly erect and regularly tapering stem, small branches, numerous small leaves deciduous and clustered, growing rapidly, and yielding good timber. [L.,--Gr. _larix_.]

LARD, l[:a]rd, _n._ the melted fat of the hog.--_v.t._ to smear with lard: to stuff with bacon or pork: to fatten: to mix with anything.--_adj._ LARD[=A]'CEOUS.--_ns._ LARD'-OIL, a lubricating and illuminating oil expressed from lard; LAR'DON, LAR'DOON, a strip of bacon used for larding.--_adj._ LAR'DY. [O. Fr.,--L. _laridum_, _lardum_; cf. Gr. _larinos_, fat, _laros_, sweet.]

LARDER, l[:a]rd'[.e]r, _n._ a room or place where meat, &c., is kept: stock of provisions.--_n._ LARD'ERER, one who has charge of a larder. [O. Fr. _lardier_, a bacon-tub--L. _lardum_.]

LARE, l[=a]r, _n._ obsolete form of _lore_, and of _lair_.

LARGE, larj, _adj._ great in size: extensive: bulky: wide: long: abundant: liberal: diffuse: (_Shak._, of language) free, licentious.--_adv._ (_naut._) before the wind.--_adjs._ LARGE'-[=A]'CRED, possessing much land; LARGE'-HAND'ED, having large hands: grasping, greedy: profuse; LARGE'-HEART'ED, having a large heart or liberal disposition: generous.--_adv._ LARGE'LY.--_adj._ LARGE'-MIND'ED, characterised by breadth of view.--_ns._ LARGE'NESS; LAR'GET, a length of iron cut from a bar and of proper size to roll into a sheet.--AT LARGE, without restraint or confinement: fully: as a whole, altogether. [Fr.,--L. _largus_.]

LARGESS, LARGESSE, l[:a]rj'es, _n._ a present or donation: (_arch._) liberality.--_n._ LARGIT'ION, giving of largess. [Fr.,--L. _largitio_--_larg[=i]ri_, to give freely--_largus_.]

LARGO, l[:a]r'g[=o], _adj._ (_mus._) slow in time.--_n._ a movement to be performed in such style.--_adj._ LARGHET'TO, somewhat slow: not so slow as largo.--_n._ a movement in somewhat slow time.--_adj._ LARGHIS'SIMO, extremely slow. [It.,--L. _largus_.]

LARIAT, l[:a]r'i-at, _n._ a rope for picketing horses while grazing: a lasso. [Sp. _la reata_--_la_, the, _reata_, a rope for tying animals together.]

LARK, l[:a]rk, _n._ a well-known singing-bird.--_v.i._ to catch larks.--_ns._ LARK'S'-HEEL, the Indian cress; LARK'SPUR, a plant with showy flowers, so called from the spur-shaped formation of calyx and petals. [M. E. _laverock_--A.S. _l['a]werce_; Ger. _lerche_.]

LARK, l[:a]rk, _n._ a game, frolic.--_v.i._ to frolic, make sport.--_adj._ LAR'KY (_coll._), frolicsome, sportive. [A.S. _l['a]c_, play--_l['a]can_, to swing, wave, play.]

LARMIER, lar'mi-[.e]r, _n._ (_archit._) another name for the corona (q.v.): a horizontal string-course for preventing rain from trickling down the wall: (_zool._) a tear-bag. [Fr. _larme_, a tear--L. _lacrima_, a tear.]

LARRIKIN, lar'i-kin, _adj._ (_Australian_) rowdy, disorderly.--_n._ a rough or rowdy.--_n._ LARR'IKINISM.

LARRUP, lar'up, _v.t._ (_coll._) to flog, thrash. [Prob. from Dut. _larpen_, thresh with flails.]

LARRY, lar'i, _n._ Same as LORRY.

LARUM, lar'um, _n._ alarm: a noise giving notice of danger.--_v.t._ (_obs._) to alarm. [_Alarm_.]

LARUS, l[=a]'rus, _n._ a genus of _Laridae_, the gulls proper.

LARVA, l[:a]r'va, _n._ an insect in its first stage after issuing from the egg--i.e. in the caterpillar state: a ghost, spectre:--_pl._ LARVAE (l[:a]r'v[=e]).--_adjs._ LAR'VAL; LAR'VATE, -D, clothed as with a mask; LAR'VIFORM; LARVIP'AROUS, producing young in a larva-form. [L. _larva_, a spectre, a mask.]

LARYNX, l[=a]r'ingks, _n._ the upper part of the windpipe: the throat:--_pl._ LAR'YNGES, LAR'YNXES (_rare_).--_adjs._ LARYN'GEAL, LARYN'GEAN.--_n._ LARYNGIS'MUS, spasm of the glottis.--_adj._ LARYNGIT'IC.--_n._ LARYNG[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the larynx.--_adj._ LARYNGOLOG'ICAL.--_ns._ LARYNGOL'OGIST; LARYNGOL'OGY, the science of the larynx; LARYNGOPH'ONY, the sound of the voice as heard through the stethoscope applied over the larynx; LARYNG'OSCOPE, a mirror for examining the larynx and trachea.--_adj._ LARYNGOSCOP'IC.--_ns._ LARYNGOS'COPIST; LARYNGOS'COPY; LARYNGOT'OMY, the operation of cutting into the windpipe to remove obstructions and assist respiration; LARYNGOTRACHEOT'OMY, the operation of cutting into the windpipe through the cricoid cartilage, the cricothyroid membrane, and the upper rings of the trachea. [L.,--Gr. _larynx_, _laryngos_.]

LASCAR, las'kar, _n._ a native East Indian sailor or camp-follower. [Hind.,--Pers. _lashkari_, a soldier.]

LASCIVIOUS, las-siv'i-us, _adj._ lustful: tending to produce lustful emotions.--_adv._ LASCIV'IOUSLY.--_n._ LASCIV'IOUSNESS. [L. _lascivus_; perh. from the same root as _laxus_, loose.]

LASER, l[=a]'ser, _n._ a gum-resin from North Africa, esteemed by the ancients as a deobstruent and diuretic. [L. _laser_, juice of laserpitium.]

LASERPITIUM, las-er-pish'i-um, _n._ a genus of perennial herbs of the parsley family--LAS'ERWORT or herb frankincense.--Also _Silphium_. [L. _laserpicium_, a plant yielding laser.]

LASH, lash, _n._ a thong or cord: the flexible part of a whip: a stroke with a whip or anything pliant: a stroke of satire, a sharp retort: a beating or dashing: an eyelash.--_v.t._ to strike with a lash: to dash against: to fasten or secure with a rope or cord: to censure severely: to scourge with sarcasm or satire.--_v.i._ to use the whip.--_n._ LASH'ER, one who lashes or whips: a rope for binding one thing to another; LASH'ING, act of whipping: a rope for making things fast: a great plenty of anything--esp. in _pl._--LASH OUT, to kick out, as a horse: to break out recklessly. [M. E. _lasshe_; Dut. _lasch_, Ger. _lasche_, a joint.]

LASH, lash, _adj._ (_obs._) slow, slack: soft: insipid.--_n._ LASH'ER, the slack water collected above a weir in a river. [M. E. _lasche_, slack--O. Fr. _lasche_ (Fr. _l[^a]che_, cowardly)--L. _laxus_, lax.]

LASKET, las'ket, _n._ a loop of line at the foot of a sail, to which to fasten an extra sail.

LASS, las, _n._ (_fem._ of LAD) a girl, esp. a country girl: a sweetheart: (_Scot._) a maid-servant.--(Diminutives) LASS'IE, LASS'OCK.--_adj._ LASS'LORN (_Shak._), forsaken by one's mistress. [Prob. a contr. of _laddess_, formed from _lad_; or directly from W. _llodes_, fem. of _llawd_, a lad. Mr H. Bradley thinks the association with _lad_ merely accidental, the word first appearing about 1300 in northern writings as _lasce_, evidently representing a Scand. _laskw_, the fem. of an adj. meaning unmarried; cf. Middle Sw. _l[:o]sk kona_, unmarried woman.]

LASSITUDE, las'i-t[=u]d, _n._ faintness: weakness: weariness: languor. [Fr.,--L. _lassitudo_--_lassus_, faint.]

LASSO, las'[=o], _n._ a long rope with a running noose for catching wild horses, &c.:--_pl._ LASS'OS, LASS'OES.--_v.t._ to catch with the lasso:--_pr.p._ lass'[=o]ing; _pa.p._ lass'[=o]ed. [Port. _laco_, Sp. _lazo_--L. _laqueus_, a noose.]

LAST, last, _n._ a wooden mould of the foot on which boots and shoes are made.--_v.t._ to fit with a last.--_n._ LAST'ER, one who fits the parts of shoes to lasts: a tool for doing so. [A.S. _l['a]st_, a trace.]

LAST, last, _v.i._ to continue, endure: to escape failure: remain fresh, unimpaired.--_adj._ LAST'ING, permanent, durable.--_n._ endurance.--_adv._ LAST'INGLY.--_n._ LAST'INGNESS. [A.S. _l['ae]stan_, to keep a track. See foregoing word.]

LAST, last, _n._ a load, cargo, a weight generally estimated at 4000 lb., but varying in different articles.--_n._ LAST'AGE, the lading of a ship: room for stowing goods in a ship: a duty formerly paid for the right of carrying goods, &c. [A.S. _hlaest_--_hladan_, to load; Ger. _last_, Ice. _hlass_.]