Part 65

LEVIATHAN, le-v[=i]'a-than, _n._ (_B._) a huge aquatic animal in Job xli., here a crocodile; in Isa. xxvii. 1, apparently the great python of Egyptian monuments: anything of huge size: any huge sea-monster, as in Ps. civ. 26. [Heb. _livy[=a]th[=a]n_--_l[=a]v[=a]h_, to cleave.]

LEVIGATE, lev'i-g[=a]t, _v.t._ to make smooth: to grind to a fine, impalpable powder.--_adj._ made smooth, polished.--_adj._ LEV'IGABLE, capable of being ground down to fine powder.--_n._ LEVIG[=A]'TION. [L. _l[=e]vig[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_l[=e]vis_, smooth; Gr. _leios_, akin to _level_.]

LEVIGATE, lev'i-g[=a]t, _v.t._ to lighten, belittle. [L. _l[)e]vig[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_l[)e]vis_, light.]

LEVIN, lev'n, _n._ (_Spens._) lightning.--Also LEV'EN.

LEVIRATE, lev'i-r[=a]t, _n._ marriage between a man and a childless brother's widow--an obligation amongst the ancient Hebrews.--_adj._ LEVIRAT'ICAL.--_n._ LEVIR[=A]'TION. [L. _levir_, a brother-in-law.]

LEVITATION, lev-i-t[=a]'shun, _n._ act of rendering light: the floating in the air of heavy bodies believed in by spiritualists.--_v.t._ LEV'ITATE, to cause to float.

LEVITE, l[=e]'v[=i]t, _n._ a descendant of _Levi_: an inferior priest of the ancient Jewish Church.--_adjs._ LEVIT'IC, -AL.--_adv._ LEVIT'ICALLY.--_n._ LEVIT'ICUS, the third book of the Old Testament.--LEVITICAL DEGREES, the degrees of kindred within which marriage was forbidden in Lev. xviii. 6-18.

LEVITY, lev'it-i, _n._ lightness of weight: lightness of temper or conduct: thoughtlessness: disposition to trifle: vanity. [L. _levitat-em_--_l[)e]vis_, light.]

LEVOGYRATE (LAEV-), l[=e]-v[=o]-j[=i]'r[=a]t, _adj._ causing to turn toward the left hand.--_n._ LEVOGYR[=A]'TION.--_adj._ LEVOGY'ROUS.

LEVULOSE, lev'[=u]-l[=o]s, _n._ a sugar isomeric with dextrose, but turning the plane of polarisation to the left. [L. _laevus_, left.]

LEVY, lev'i, _v.t._ to raise: to collect by authority, as an army or a tax:--_pr.p._ lev'ying; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ lev'ied.--_n._ the act of collecting by authority: the troops so collected. [L. _lev[=a]re_, to raise.]

LEW, l[=u], _adj._ tepid, lukewarm. [Cf. Ger. _lau_.]

LEWD, l[=u]d, or l[=oo]d, _adj._ lustful: unchaste: debauched: ignorant, vicious, or bad, so in _B._--_adv._ LEWD'LY.--_ns._ LEWD'NESS; LEWD'STER, one addicted to lewdness. [A.S. _l['ae]wede_, ignorant, belonging to the laity, the pa.p. of the verb _l['ae]wan_, to weaken.]

LEWIS, l[=u]'is, _n._ a contrivance for securing a hold on a block of stone to allow of its being raised by a derrick.--Also LEW'ISSON. [Ety. dub.]

LEXICON, leks'i-kon, _n._ a word-book or dictionary.--_adj._ LEX'ICAL, belonging to a lexicon.--_adv._ LEX'ICALLY.--_n._ LEXICOG'RAPHER, one skilled in lexicography.--_adjs._ LEXICOGRAPH'IC, -AL.--_ns._ LEXICOG'RAPHIST, LEXICOL'OGIST, one skilled in lexicology; LEXICOG'RAPHY, the art of compiling a dictionary; LEXICOL'OGY, that branch of philology which treats of the proper signification and use of words.--_adjs._ LEXIGRAPH'IC, -AL, pertaining to lexigraphy.--_n._ LEXIG'RAPHY, the art of defining words. [Gr.,--_lexis_, a word, _legein_, to speak.]

LEY, l[=e], _n._ Same as LEA.

LEYDEN JAR, l[=i]'den j[:a]r, _n._ a form of condenser for statical electricity, a glass jar coated inside and outside with tinfoil for two-thirds of its height, the inner coating connected with a metallic knob at the top of the jar, usually by means of a loose chain.

LHERZOLITE, ler'z[=o]-l[=i]t, _n._ an igneous rock, consisting of a granular aggregate of olivine, pyroxene, enstatite, and picotite. [From Lake _Lherz_.]

LI, l[=e], _n._ a Chinese weight, equal to the one-thousandth of a liang or ounce, and nominally to the Japanese _rin_: a Chinese mile, equal to rather more than one-third of an English mile. [Chinese.]

LIABLE, l[=i]'a-bl, _adj._ able to be bound or obliged: responsible: tending to: subject: (_Shak._) exposed: suitable.--_ns._ LIABIL'ITY, state of being liable: that for which one is liable, an obligation, debt, &c.; L[=I]'ABLENESS, state of being liable.--EMPLOYERS' LIABILITY ACT, an enactment (1880) making employers answerable to their servants for the negligence of those to whom they have delegated their authority; LIMITED LIABILITY, a principle of modern statute law which attempts to limit the responsibilities of shareholders in a partnership, joint-stock company, &c., by the extent of their personal interest therein. [Fr. _lier_--L. _lig[=a]re_, to bind.]

LIAISON, l[=e]-[=a]-zong', _n._ union, or bond of union: connection, esp. if illicit between the sexes: in French, the linking in pronunciation of a final consonant to the succeeding word, when that begins with a vowel. [Fr.--L. _ligation-em_--_lig[=a]re_, to bind.]

LIANA, li-an'a, _n._ a general name for the woody, climbing, and twining plants in tropical forests. [Fr. _liane_--_lier_, to bind--L. _lig[=a]re_, to bind.]

LIANG, lyang, _n._ a Chinese ounce or tael, reckoned as one-third heavier than the ounce avoirdupois.

LIAR, l[=i]'ar, _n._ one who lies. [_Lie_.]

LIARD, l[=i]'ard, _adj._ gray, dapple-gray--(_Scot._) L[=I]'ART, LY'ART. [M. E. _liard_--O. Fr. _liard_, _liart_.]

LIARD, li[:a]r, _n._ an old French coin, worth 3 deniers.

LIAS, l[=i]'as, _n._ (_geol._) a formation of argillaceous limestone, &c., underlying the oolitic system.--_adj._ LIAS'SIC, pertaining to the lias formation. [Fr., perh. Bret. _liach_, a stone, Gael. _leac_, a stone.]

LIB, lib, _v.t._ (_prov._) to geld, castrate.

LIBATION, l[=i]-b[=a]'shun, _n._ the pouring forth wine or other liquid in honour of a deity: the liquid poured.--_adj._ L[=I]'BANT, sipping.--_v.t._ L[=I]'BATE (_rare_), to make a libation to.--_adj._ L[=I]'BATORY, pertaining to libation. [L. _libation-em_--_lib[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_; Gr. _leibein_, to pour.]

LIBBARD, lib'bard, _n._ (_Spens._) a leopard.

LIBECCIO, li-bech'[=o], _n._ the south-west wind. [It.]

LIBEL, l[=i]'bel, _n._ a written accusation: any malicious defamatory publication or statement: (_law_) the statement of a plaintiff's grounds of complaint against a defendant.--_v.t._ to defame by a libel: to satirise unfairly: (_law_) to proceed against by producing a written complaint:--_pr.p._ l[=i]'belling; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ l[=i]'belled.--_ns._ L[=I]'BELLANT, one who brings a libel; L[=I]'BELLER; L[=I]'BELLING, defaming.--_adj._ L[=I]'BELLOUS, containing a libel: defamatory.--_adv._ L[=I]'BELLOUSLY. [L. _libellus_, dim. of _liber_, a book.]

LIBER, l[=i]'ber, _n._ the bast or inner bark of exogenous plants: a book. [L.]

LIBERAL, lib'[.e]r-al, _adj._ becoming a gentleman: generous: noble-minded: candid: free: free from restraint: general, extensive.--_n._ one who advocates greater freedom in political institutions.--_n._ LIBERALIS[=A]'TION, the process of making liberal.--_v.t._ LIB'ERALISE, to make liberal, or enlightened: to enlarge.--_ns._ LIB'ERALISM, the principles of a Liberal in politics or religion; LIBERAL'ITY, the quality of being liberal: generosity: largeness or nobleness of mind: candour: impartiality.--_adv._ LIB'ERALLY.--_v.t._ LIB'ER[=A]TE, to set free: to release from restraint, confinement, or bondage.--_ns._ LIBER[=A]'TION; LIBER[=A]'TIONIST, one who is in favour of church disestablishment; LIB'ER[=A]TOR, one who liberates or frees.--_adj._ LIB'ER[=A]TORY, tending to liberate.--LIBERAL PARTY, the name adopted by the Whigs (1830) to denote the body formed by their union with the Radicals; LIBERAL UNIONIST, one of that section of the Liberal Party which joined the Conservatives from inability to accede to Mr Gladstone's policy of giving Home Rule to Ireland (1886); GERMAN LIBERALS, a party in German politics, formed by the amalgamation of the Progressist party and the Liberal union, and advocating moderate liberalism in opposition to the policy of Prince Bismarck; NATIONAL LIBERALS, a party in German politics which before 1871 advocated the completion of governmental unity in Germany, as well as supported progressive measures of reform. [Fr.,--L. _liberalis_, befitting a freeman--_liber_, free, akin to _libet_, _lubet_, it pleases.]

LIBERTY, lib'[.e]r-ti, _n._ freedom to do as one pleases: the unrestrained enjoyment of natural rights: power of free choice: privilege: exemption: relaxation of restraint: the bounds within which certain privileges are enjoyed: freedom of speech or action beyond ordinary civility.--_ns._ LIBERT[=A]'RIAN, one who believes in free-will as opposed to necessity; LIBERT[=A]'RIANISM, the doctrine of the freedom of the will, as opposed to necessitarianism; LIBER'TICIDE, a destroyer of liberty; LIBER'TINAGE, debauchery; LIB'ERTINE, formerly one who professed free opinions, esp. in religion: one who leads a licentious life, a rake or debauchee.--_adj._ belonging to a freedman: unrestrained: licentious.--_n._ LIB'ERTINISM, licentiousness of opinion or practice: lewdness or debauchery.--LIBERTY OF INDIFFERENCE, freedom of the will--because before action the will is undetermined as to acting or not acting; LIBERTY OF THE PRESS, liberty to print and publish without previous permission from government.--CAP OF LIBERTY (see BONNET ROUGE, under BONNET); RELIGIOUS LIBERTY, the right of thinking about religion or of worshipping as one likes. [Fr.,--L. _libertas_.]

LIBIDINOUS, li-bid'in-us, _adj._ lustful, lascivious, lewd.--_ns._ LIBID'INIST, a lewd person; LIBIDINOS'ITY, LIBID'INOUSNESS.--_adv._ LIBID'INOUSLY. [Fr.,--L. _libidinosus_--_libido_, desire--_libet_, _lubet_, it pleases.]

LIBKEN, lib'ken, _n._ (_slang_) a place of abode.

LIBRA, l[=i]'bra, _n._ the balance, the seventh sign of the zodiac. [L.]

LIBRARY, l[=i]'brar-i, _n._ a building or room containing a collection of books: a collection of books.--_ns._ LIBR[=A]'RIAN, the keeper of a library; LIBR[=A]'RIANSHIP. [L. _librarium_--_liber_, a book.]

LIBRATE, l[=i]'br[=a]t, _v.t._ to poise: to balance.--_v.i._ to move slightly: to be poised.--_n._ LIBR[=A]'TION, balancing: a state of equipoise: a slight swinging motion.--_adj._ L[=I]'BRATORY.--LIBRATION OF THE MOON, an apparent irregularity in the moon's motion, whereby its globe seems to turn slightly round to each side alternately. [L. _libr[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_libra_, balance.]

LIBRETTO, li-bret'[=o], _n._ a book of the words of an opera or other musical composition: the text itself.--_n._ LIBRETT'IST, a writer of librettos. [It., dim. of _libro_--L. _liber_, a book.]

LIBYAN, lib'yan, _adj._ of _Libya_, northern Africa from Egypt to the Atlantic.--_n._ a native thereof.

LICE, l[=i]s, _pl._ of _louse_.

LICENSE, LICENCE, l[=i]'sens, _n._ a being allowed: leave: grant of permission, as for manufacturing a patented article or for the sale of intoxicants: the document by which authority is conferred: excess or abuse of freedom: a departure from rules or standards in art or literature.--_v.t._ L[=I]'CENSE, to grant license to: to authorise or permit.--_adj._ L[=I]'CENSABLE.--_ns._ LICENSEE', one to whom license is granted; L[=I]'CENSER, one who grants license or permission: one authorised to license; L[=I]'CENSURE, act of licensing; LICEN'TIATE, among Presbyterians, a person authorised by a Presbytery to preach: on the Continent, an academical dignity, forming the step from the baccalaureate to the doctorate.--_adj._ LICEN'TIOUS, indulging in excessive freedom: given to the indulgence of the animal passions: dissolute.--_adv._ LICEN'TIOUSLY.--_n._ LICEN'TIOUSNESS.--HIGH LICENSE, a mode of regulating the traffic in alcoholic drinks by exacting a comparatively large sum for the privilege of selling such; SPECIAL LICENSE, license given by the Archbishop of Canterbury permitting the marriage of two specified persons without banns, and at a place and time other than those prescribed by law. [Fr.,--L. _licentia_--_licet_.]

LICHEN, l[=i]'ken, lich'en, _n._ one of an order of cellular flowerless plants: an eruption on the skin.--_adjs._ L[=I]'CHENED, covered with lichens; LICHEN'IC, pertaining to lichens; L[=I]'CHENIFORM.--_ns._ L[=I]'CHENINE, a starch-like substance, found in Iceland moss and other lichens; L[=I]'CHENIST, LICHENOG'RAPHER, one versed in LICHENOG'RAPHY, the description of lichens.--_adjs._ LICHENOGRAPH'IC, -AL.--_n._ LICHENOL'OGY, the department of botany relating to lichens.--_adj._ L[=I]'CHENOUS, abounding in, or pertaining to, lichens. [L.,--Gr. _leich[=e]n_--_leichein_, to lick.]

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LICHGATE, lich'g[=a]t, _n._ a churchyard gate with a porch to rest the bier under.--_ns._ LICH'WAKE, the wake or watch held over a dead body--also _Likewake_, _Lykewake_, and even _Latewake_; LICH'WAY, the path by which the dead are carried to the grave. [M. E. _lich_--A.S. _l['i]c_ (Ger. _leiche_), _geat_, a gate.]

LICIT, lis'it, _adj._ lawful, allowable.--_adv._ LIC'ITLY. [L.]

LICK, lik, _v.t._ to pass the tongue over: to take in by the tongue: to lap: to beat by repeated blows: (_coll._) to triumph over, overcome.--_n._ a passing the tongue over: a slight smear: (_Scot._) a tiny amount: a blow: (_coll._) an attempt, trial: (_pl._, _Scot._) a thrashing.--_ns._ LICK'ER; LICK'ING, a thrashing; LICK'PENNY (_Scot._), a miserly person; LICK'-PLAT'TER, LICK'-TRENCH'ER, LICK'SPITTLE, a mean, servile dependent.--LICK INTO SHAPE, to give form and method to--from the notion that the she-bear gives form to her shapeless young by licking them; LICK THE DUST, to be slain: to be abjectly servile. [A.S. _liccian_; Ger. _lecken_, L. _ling[)e]re_, Gr. _leichein_.]

LICKERISH, lik'[.e]r-ish, _adj._ dainty: eager to taste or enjoy: tempting.--_adv._ LICK'ERISHLY.--_n._ LICK'ERISHNESS. [Formerly also _liquorish_; a corr. of obsolete _lickerous_, lecherous.]

LICORICE. Same as LIQUORICE.

LICTOR, lik'tor, _n._ an officer who attended the Roman magistrates, bearing an axe and bundle of rods. [L.]

LID, lid, _n._ a cover: that which shuts a vessel: the cover of the eye.--_adjs._ LID'DED, having a lid or lids; LID'LESS, without lid or lids. [A.S. _hlid_ (Dut. _lid_)--_hl['i]dan_, to cover.]

LIE, l[=i], _n._ anything meant to deceive: an intentional violation of truth: anything that misleads.--_v.i._ to utter falsehood with an intention to deceive: to make a false representation:--_pr.p._ ly'ing; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ lied.--LIE IN ONE'S THROAT, to lie shamelessly; LIE OUT OF WHOLE CLOTH, to lie without any foundation whatever; GIVE THE LIE TO, to charge with falsehood; WHITE LIE, a conventional phrase not strictly true: a well-meant falsehood. [A.S. _le['o]gan_ (_lyge_, a falsehood), prov. Eng. _lig_; Dut. _liegen_, Goth. _liugan_, Ger. _l[:u]gen_, to lie.]

LIE, l[=i], _v.i._ to rest in a reclining posture: to lean: to press upon: to be situated: to abide: to consist: (_law_) to be sustainable: (_Shak._) to be imprisoned: to lodge, pass the night:--_pr.p._ ly'ing; _pa.t._ lay; _pa.p._ lain, (_B._) l[=i]'en.--_n._ manner of lying: relative position: an animal's lair: (_golf_) position of the ball for striking.--_ns._ L[=I]'ER, LIE'-ABED', one who lies late--also _adj._--LIE ALONG, to be extended at full length; LIE AT ONE'S DOOR, to be directly imputable to one; LIE AT ONE'S HEART, to be an object of interest or affection to one; LIE BY, to take rest from labour: (_Shak._) to be under the charge of; LIE HARD OR HEAVY ON, UPON, (_Shak._) to, to oppress, burden; LIE IN, to be in childbed; LIE IN ONE, to be in one's power; LIE IN THE WAY, to be ready, at hand: to be an obstacle; LIE IN WAIT, to lie in ambush; LIE LOW, to conceal one's actions or intentions; LIE ON, UPON, to be incumbent on; LIE ON THE HANDS, to remain unused or unoccupied; LIE OVER, to be deferred to a future occasion; LIE TO, to be checked in sailing; LIE UNDER, to be subject to or oppressed by; LIE UP, to abstain from work; LIE WITH, to lodge or sleep with: to have carnal knowledge of; LYING-IN HOSPITAL, a hospital for those about to become mothers. [A.S. _licgan_; Ger. _liegen_; Goth. _ligan_.]

LIEBIG, l[=e]'big, _n._ a nutritious extract of beef first prepared by the great German chemist, Baron von _Liebig_ (1803-1873).

LIED, l[=e]t, _n._ a German ballad, secular or sacred, fitted for singing and often set to music. [Ger.; cf. A.S. _le['o]th_, a song.]

LIEF, l[=e]f, _adj._ (_arch._) loved, dear.--_adv._ willingly--now chiefly used in the phrases, 'I had as lief,' 'to have liefer.' [A.S. _le['o]f_; Ger. _lieb_, loved.]

LIEGE, l[=e]j, _adj._ free, except as within the relations of vassal and feudal lord: under a feudal tenure.--_n._ one under a feudal tenure: a vassal: a lord or superior, or one who has lieges.--_n._ LIEGE'DOM, allegiance.--_adj._ LIEGE'LESS, not subject to a superior.--_n._ LIEGE'MAN, a vassal: a subject. [O. Fr. _lige_, prob. from Old High Ger. _ledic_, free (Ger. _ledig_, free, unfettered), _l[=i]dan_, to depart.]

LIEN, l[=i]'en, or l[=e]'en, _n._ (_law_) a right in one to retain the property of another to pay a claim. [Fr., tie, band--L. _ligamen_--_lig[=a]re_, to bind.]

LIEN, l[=i]'en (_B._), _pa.p._ of _lie_, to lie down.

LIENTERY, l[=i]'en-ter-i, _n._ a form of diarrhoea, with frequent liquid evacuations in which the food is discharged undigested.--_adj._ LIENTER'IC. [Gr. _leios_, smooth, _enteron_, an intestine.]

LIERNE, li-ern', _n._ (_archit._) a cross-rib or branch-rib in vaulting. [Fr.]

LIEU, l[=u], _n._ place, stead, chiefly in the phrase 'in lieu of.' [Fr.,--L. _locus_, place.]

LIEUTENANT, lef-ten'ant, _n._ one representing or performing the work of another: an officer holding the place of another in his absence: a commissioned officer in the army next below a captain, or in the navy next below a commander and ranking with captain in the army: one holding a place next in rank to a superior, as in the compounds LIEUTEN'ANT-COL'ONEL, LIEUTEN'ANT-GEN'ERAL.--_ns._ LIEUTEN'ANCY, LIEUTEN'ANTSHIP, office or commission of a lieutenant: the body of lieutenants; LIEUTEN'ANT-GOV'ERNOR, in India, the name of the chief official in the provinces of Bengal, Behar, and Orissa, the North-western Provinces, and Oudh, Punjab, and Delhi; LIEUTEN'ANT-GOV'ERNORSHIP; LIEUTEN'ANTRY (_Shak._), lieutenancy; LORD'-LIEUTEN'ANT, the title of the viceroy of Ireland: in the British Isles, a permanent governor of a county appointed by the sovereign, usually a peer or other large land-owner, at the head of the magistracy and the chief executive authority; SUB'-LIEUTEN'ANT, formerly mate or passed midshipman, now the intermediate rank in the navy between midshipman and lieutenant.--FIELD-MARSHAL LIEUTENANT (see FIELD-MARSHAL). [Fr.; cf. _Lieu_ and _Tenant_.]

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LIFE, l[=i]f, _n._ state of living: animate existence: union of soul and body: the period between birth and death: present state of existence: manner of living: moral conduct: animation: a living being: system of animal nature: social state: human affairs: narrative of a life: eternal happiness, also He who bestows it: a quickening principle in a moral sense: the living form and expression, living semblance: (_cricket_) an escape, as by a missed or dropped catch:--_pl._ LIVES (l[=i]vz).--_interj._ used as an oath, abbreviated from God's life.--_adj._ LIFE'-AND-DEATH', critical: desperate.--_ns._ LIFE'-ANN[=U]'ITY, a sum paid to a person yearly during life; LIFE'-ASSUR'ANCE, LIFE'-INSUR'ANCE (see INSURANCE); LIFE'-BELT, a belt either inflated with air, or with cork attached, for sustaining a person in the water; LIFE'-BLOOD, the blood of an animal in the body: that which gives strength or life; LIFE'BOAT, a boat for saving shipwrecked persons, having air-chambers or the like, by which it is rendered specially buoyant and sometimes self-righting; LIFE'-BUOY, a buoy intended to support a person in the water till he can be rescued; LIFE'-ESTATE', an estate held during the life of the possessor.--_adjs._ LIFE'FUL (_Spens._), full of vital energy; LIFE'-GIV'ING, imparting life: invigorating.--_ns._ LIFE'-GUARD, a guard of the life or person: a guard of a prince or other dignitary; LIFE'-HIS'TORY, LIFE'-CY'CLE, the series of vital phenomena exhibited by an organism in its passage from the ovum to full development; LIFE'HOLD, land held by lease for life; LIFE'-IN'TEREST, an interest lasting during one's life.--_adj._ LIFE'LESS, dead: without vigour: insipid: sluggish.--_adv._ LIFE'LESSLY.--_n._ LIFE'LESSNESS.--_adj._ LIFE'-LIKE, like a living person.--_n._ LIFE'-LINE, a rope stretched anywhere on board a vessel for support of the sailors in difficult operations or during wild weather: a line attached to a life-buoy or lifeboat for an immersed person to seize hold of.--_adj._ LIFE'LONG, during the length of a life.--_ns._ LIFE'-MOR'TAR, a mortar for throwing a shot of some kind to carry a rope from the shore to a ship in distress; LIFE'-PEER, a peer whose title is not hereditary; LIFE'-PEER'AGE; LIFE'-PRESERV'ER, an invention, as a buoyant belt or jacket, for the preservation of life in cases of shipwreck: a cane with a loaded head; LIFE'-RAFT, a raft-like structure for use in case of shipwreck; LIFE'-RATE, rate of payment on a policy of life-insurance.--_adj._ LIFE'-REN'DERING (_Shak._), yielding up life.--_ns._ LIFE'RENT, a rent that continues for life; LIFE'RENTER, one who enjoys a liferent:--_fem._ LIFE'RENTRIX; LIFE'-ROCK'ET, a rocket for carrying a line from the shore to a ship in distress.--_adjs._ LIFE'-SAV'ING, designed to save life, esp. from drowning.--_n._ LIFE'-SCHOOL, a school where artists work from living models.--_adjs._ LIFE'-SIZE, similar in size to the object represented; LIFE'SOME, full of life: gay, lively.--_ns._ LIFE'-T[=A]'BLE, a table of statistics as to the probability of life at different ages; LIFE'-TEN'ANT, the owner of a life-estate: one who holds lands, &c., for the term of his own or another's life; LIFE'-TIME, continuation or duration of life.--_adj._ LIFE'-WEA'RY (_Shak._), weary of life: wretched.--_n._ LIFE'-WORK, the work to which one's life is or is to be devoted.--LIFE-SAVING APPARATUS, all materials, appliances, &c. available for preserving life in cases of shipwreck or fire.--BRING TO LIFE, to restore to life one apparently dead; COME TO LIFE, to be reanimated; FOR LIFE, for the whole period of one's existence: so as to save life: very fast or strenuously; HIGH LIFE, the manner of living of those in high or fashionable society: the upper classes of society; LINE OF LIFE (see LINE); TO THE LIFE, very closely resembling the original: exactly drawn. [A.S. _l['i]f_; Ice. _l['i]f_, Sw. _lif_, Dut. _lijf_, body, life; Ger. _leben_, to live.]

LIFT, lift, _n._ (_Scot._) the air, heavens, sky. [A.S. _lyft_; Ger. _luft_, Ice. _lopt_, Goth. _luftus_, the air.]

LIFT, lift, _v.t._ to bring to a higher position: to elevate or keep elevated: to elate: to take and carry away: (_obs._) to bear, support: (_slang_) to arrest: to steal.--_v.i._ to rise: to try to rise.--_n._ act of lifting: that which is to be raised: that which assists to lift: a hoisting-machine: advancement.--_adj._ LIFT'ABLE.--_ns._ LIFT'ER, one who, or that which, lifts: (_Shak._) a thief; LIFT'ING-BRIDGE, a drawbridge raised so as to allow ships to pass; LIFT'-PUMP, any pump which is not a force-pump.--LIFT THE HAND, to raise it in hostility; LIFT UP THE EYES, to look, direct one's eyes, or thoughts, to; LIFT UP THE FACE, to look upward, as in supplication; LIFT UP THE HAND, to make oath, swear: to pray; LIFT UP THE HEAD, to rejoice, exult; LIFT UP THE VOICE, to cry loudly.--DEAD LIFT (see DEAD). [Ice. _lypta_--_lopt_, the air.]

LIG, lig, _v.i._ (_Spens._) to lie. [See LIE.]

LIGAMENT, lig'a-ment, _n._ anything that binds: (_anat._) the membrane connecting the movable bones: a bond of union.--_adjs._ LIGAMENT'AL, LIGAMENT'OUS, composing or resembling a ligament.--_ns._ LIG[=A]'TION, act of binding: state of being bound; LIG'ATURE, anything that binds: a bandage: (_mus._) a line connecting notes: (_print._) a type of two letters: (_med._) a cord for tying the blood-vessels, &c.: impotence produced by magic.--_adj._ LIG'ATURED, bound by a ligature. [Fr.,--L. _ligamentum_--_lig[=a]re_, to bind.]

LIGAN, l[=i]'gan, _n._ goods sunk at sea, with a float attached for recovery. [L. _ligamen_, a band.]

LIGGER, lig'[.e]r, _n._ the horizontal timber of a scaffolding: a nether millstone: a board-pathway over a ditch: a coverlet for a bed: a kelt or spent salmon: a night-line with float and bait for pike-fishing.

LIGHT, l[=i]t, _n._ that which shines or is brilliant: the agent by which objects are rendered visible: the power of vision: day: dawn of day: that which gives light, as the sun, a candle: the illuminated part of a picture: means of communicating fire or light: a lighthouse: (_fig._) mental or spiritual illumination: enlightenment: knowledge: public view: point of view: a conspicuous person: an aperture for admitting light: (_B._) prosperity, favour.--_adj._ not dark: bright: whitish.--_v.t._ to give light to: to set fire to: to attend with a light.--_v.i._ to become light or bright:--_pr.p._ light'ing; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ light'ed or lit.--_adj._ LIGHT'ABLE.--_n._ LIGHT'-BALL, a composition of saltpetre, sulphur, resin, and linseed-oil formed into a ball, and used by soldiers to give light during military operations.--_n.pl._ LIGHT'-DUES, tolls taken from ships in certain waters, for the maintenance of lighthouses.--_ns._ LIGHT'ER; LIGHT'HOUSE, a tower-like construction exhibiting a light for indicating to vessels, when nearing a port or coasting along shore, the proximity of rocks, shoals, and other dangers; LIGHT'HOUSE-MAN, LIGHT'-KEEP'ER, the keeper of a lighthouse.--_adj._ LIGHT'LESS.--_ns._ LIGHT'NESS; LIGHT'-ROOM, in a man-of-war, a small room separated from the magazine by thick glass windows, and used to illuminate it: the room in a lighthouse containing the lighting apparatus; LIGHT'-SHIP, a stationary ship carrying a light and serving the purpose of a lighthouse in very deep waters.--_adj._ LIGHT'SOME, full of light.--_n._ LIGHT'WAVE, a wave of the luminous ether.--LIGHT OF NATURE, intellectual perception or intuition: (_theol._) man's capacity of discovering truth unaided by revelation.--BETWEEN THE LIGHTS, in the twilight; BETWEEN TWO LIGHTS, under cover of darkness; BRING TO LIGHT, to reveal; CHILDREN OF LIGHT, Christians as under the illumination of the Divine light, that illumination which comes directly from God; COME TO LIGHT, to be revealed; FIXED LIGHT, in lighthouses, a light which is maintained steadily without change, as opposed to a revolving light; FLOATING LIGHT, a light displayed at the mast-head of a lightship to show dangers to navigation; FOOT, GROUND, LIGHTS, a row of lights used on a stage to light up the base of a scene; INNER LIGHT, spiritual illumination, light divinely imparted; NORTHERN LIGHTS, aurora borealis; SEE THE LIGHT, to come into view; STAND IN ONE'S OWN LIGHT, to hinder one's own advantage. [A.S. _le['o]ht_; Ger. _licht_.]