Part 58

KERF, kerf, _n._ the groove made by a saw: wool cut off at once by a wool-shearing machine: a single layer of hay, turf, &c., cut.

KERION, k[=e]'ri-on, _n._ a suppurative inflammation of the hair-follicles of the scalp. [Gr.]

KERITE, k[=e]'r[=i]t, _n._ a kind of artificial vulcanite of india-rubber and animal or vegetable oil. [Gr. _k[=e]ros_, wax.]

KERMES, k[.e]r'm[=e]z, _n._ a dye-stuff which consists of the bodies of the females of a species of coccus. [Pers.]

KERMESS, k[.e]r'mes, _n._ a wake or fair in the Low Countries. [Dut. _kermis_--_kerk_, church, _mis_, mass.]

KERN. See QUERN.

KERN, k[.e]rn _n._ (_Scot._) the last sheaf of the harvest: a harvest-home--also KIRN.--_n._ KERN'-B[=A]'BY, an image decorated with blades of corn, &c., carried before reapers at their harvest-home. [A variant of _corn_.]

KERN, KERNE, k[.e]rn, _n._ an Irish foot-soldier: a boor.--_adj._ KERN'ISH, clownish. [Ir. _ceatharnach_.]

KERN, k[.e]rn, _v.i._ to granulate.

KERN, k[.e]rn, _n._ (_print._) that part of a type which overhangs the stem or shank.

KERNEL, k[.e]r'nel, _n._ anything in a husk or shell: the substance in the shell of a nut: the seed of a pulpy fruit: the important part of anything.--_adj._ KER'NELLY, full of, or resembling, kernels. [A.S. _cyrnel_--_corn_, grain, and dim. suffix _-el_; Ger. _kern_, a grain.]

KEROSENE, ker'o-s[=e]n, _n._ an oil obtained from bituminous coal, used for lamps, &c. [Gr. _k[=e]ros_, wax.]

KERSEY, k[.e]r'zi, _n._ a coarse woollen cloth. [Perh. from _Kersey_ in Suffolk.]

KERSEYMERE, k[.e]r'zi-m[=e]r or k[.e]r-zi-m[.e]r', _n._ twilled cloth of the finest wools. [A corr. of _cassimere_, _cashmere_.]

KERVE, k[.e]rv, _v.t._ (_Spens._) a form of carve.

KESAR, k[=e]'zar, _n._ Same as KAISER.

KESTREL, kes'trel, _n._ a small species of falcon. [O. Fr. _quercerelle_--L. _querquedula_.]

KET, ket, _n._ (_Scot._) carrion. [Ice. _kj[:o]t_.]

KET, ket, _n._ matted wool. [Scot.]

KETCH, kech, _n._ a small two-masted vessel, generally used as a yacht or a bomb-vessel. [Corr. from Turk. _qa['i]q_, a boat, whence Fr. _caique_.]

KETCHUP, kech'up, _n._ a sauce for flavouring soups, meats, &c., flavoured with mushrooms, tomatoes, &c.--Also CATCH'UP, CAT'SUP. [East Ind. _kitjap_.]

KETTLE, ket'l, _n._ a vessel of metal, for heating or boiling liquids: a cavity like a kettle in rock, sand, &c.: (_Shak._) kettle-drum.--_ns._ KETT'LE-DRUM, a musical instrument now used chiefly in orchestras and in cavalry bands, consisting of a hollow brass hemisphere with a parchment head, sounded by soft-headed elastic drumsticks: a tea-party; KETT'LE-DRUM'MER; KETT'LE-HOLD'ER, a little mat, &c., for holding a kettle when hot.--_n.pl._ KETT'LE-PINS, skittle-pins.--A KETTLE OF FISH, or A PRETTY KETTLE OF FISH, a task of great difficulty, an awkward mess--most probably in this sense connected with _kiddle_. [A.S. _cetel_; Ger. _kessel_, Goth. _katils_; all perh. from L. _catillus_, dim. of _catinus_, a deep cooking-vessel.]

KEX, keks, _n._ the dry stalk of the hemlock or other umbelliferous plants.--Also KECKS, KECK'SY (prop. _adj._), and KECK.

KEY, k[=e], _n._ an instrument for shutting or opening a lock: that by which something is screwed or turned: the middle stone of an arch: a piece of wood let into another piece crosswise to prevent warping: (_mus._) one of the small levers in musical instruments for producing notes: the fundamental note of a piece of music: that which explains a mystery: a book containing answers to exercises, &c.--_ns._ KEY'BOARD, the keys or levers in a piano or organ arranged along a flat board; KEY'-B[=U]'GLE, a bugle with keys, having a compass of two octaves including semitones.--_adjs._ KEY'-COLD (_Shak._), cold as a key, lifeless; KEYED, furnished with keys, as a musical instrument: set to a particular key, as a tune.--_ns._ KEY'HOLE, the hole in which a key of a door, &c., is inserted; KEY'NOTE, the key or fundamental note of a piece of music; any central principle or controlling thought; KEY'-PIN, the pivot on which a pipe-key turns: a pin serving as fulcrum for a key of an organ, &c.; KEY'-PLATE, the escutcheon around a keyhole; KEY'RING, a ring for holding a bunch of keys; KEY'-SEAT, a groove for receiving a key, to prevent one piece of machinery from turning on another; KEY'STONE, the stone at the apex of an arch: the chief element in any system.--HAVE THE KEY OF THE STREET (_coll._), to be locked out: to be homeless; POWER OF THE KEYS, the power to loose and bind, to administer ecclesiastical discipline--a special authority conferred by Christ on Peter (Matt. xvi. 19), or Peter in conjunction with the other apostles, and claimed by the popes as the alleged successors to St Peter. Others explain it as belonging only to the apostles themselves, as descending to the bishops and clergy of the Christian Church, or as belonging to all Christ's disciples alike. [A.S. _caeg_, a key.]

KEY, k[=e], _n._ (_Dryden_). Same as QUAY.

KEY, k[=e], _n._ a low island near the coast.--Also CAY.

KEYS, k[=e]z, _n.pl._ a contraction of HOUSE OF KEYS, a house of 24 representatives constituting the lower branch of the Legislature (Court of Tynwald) of the Isle of Man, self-elective down to 1866. [Manx _kiare-as-feed_, four-and-twenty.]

KHAKI, k[:a]'ki, _adj._ dust-coloured.--_n._ a light drab cloth used for some East Indian and other uniforms.

KHALIF. See CALIF.

KHAMSIN, kam'sin, _n._ a hot south-west wind in Egypt, blowing for about fifty days from about the middle of March. [Ar.]

KHAN, kan, _n._ an Eastern inn, a caravansary. [Turk.,--Pers. _kh[=a]na_, a house, a tent.]

KHAN, kan, _n._ in North Asia, a prince or chief: in Persia, a governor.--_n._ KHAN'ATE, the dominion or jurisdiction of a khan. [Pers. _kh[=a]n_, lord or prince, a Tartar word.]

KHEDIVE, ked-[=e]v', _n._ the title since 1867 of the viceroy or ruler of Egypt.--_n._ KHEDI'VIATE, the office of the khedive, or his territory. [Fr.,--Pers. _khad[=i]w_, prince.]

KHEL, kel, _n._ in Afghanistan, a clan or family connection--a sociological group between the tribe and the family.

KHITMUTGAR, kit'mut-gar, _n._ a table-servant, under-butler. [Hind.]

KHUTBAH, kut'ba, _n._ a Mohammedan prayer and sermon delivered in the mosques on Fridays.--Also KHOT'BAH.

KIAUGH, ky[=o]h, _n._ (_Scot._) care, trouble.

KIBBLE, kib'l, _n._ the bucket of a draw-well.--_n._ KIBB'LE-CHAIN, the chain for drawing up a bucket.

KIBE, k[=i]b, _n._ a chilblain. [W. _cibwst_, from _cib_, a cup, _gwst_, a disease.]

KIBITKA, ki-bit'ka, _n._ a Russian wagon. [Russ.]

KIBLAH, kib'la, _n._ the point toward which Mohammedans turn in prayer.--Also KEB'LAH.

KICK, kik, _v.t._ to hit with the foot.--_v.i._ to thrust out the foot with violence: to show opposition or resistance: (of a gun) to recoil violently (see also BULLET): (_print._) to work a press by impact of the foot on a treadle.--_n._ a blow with the foot: the turn of kicking the ball at football, the person who kicks or kicks off: the recoil of a gun: (_slang_) fashion.--_adj._ KICK'ABLE.--_ns._ KICK'ER, one who kicks, esp. a horse; KICK'-OFF, the first kick in a game of football; KICK'-UP, a disturbance.--KICK OVER THE TRACES, to throw off control; KICK, or STRIKE, THE BEAM, to rise, as the lighter scale of a balance, so as to strike against the beam--hence to be of little weight or importance; KICK THE BUCKET (see BUCKET); KICK UP A DUST or ROW, to create a disturbance.--DROP KICK, a kick made as the ball, dropped from the hand, rebounds from the ground; PLACE KICK, a kick made when the ball is lying on the ground. [M. E. _kiken_--W. _cicio_, to kick, Gael. _ceig_.]

KICKSHAWS, kik'shawz, _n._ something uncommon or fantastical that has no name: (_cook._) a fantastical dish. [Corr. of Fr. _quelque chose_, something.]

KICKSY-WICKSY, kik'si-wik'si, _adj._ flickering, uncertain.--_n._ (_Shak._) a wife.

KID, kid, _n._ a young goat: (_slang_) a child, esp. a boy: (_pl._) gloves of kid leather.--_adj._ made of kid leather or imitation kid leather.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ to bring forth a goat:--_pr.p._ kid'ding; _pa.p._ kid'ded.--_ns._ KID'-FOX (_Shak._), a young fox; KID'LING, a young kid. [Dan. _kid_; cf. Ice. _kidh_; Ger. _kitze_, a young goat.]

KID, kid, _n._ a small tub.--Also KIT.

KID, kid, _n._ a fagot, a bundle of sticks. [Prob. W. _cidys_, fagots.]

KID, kid, _v.t._ and _v.i._ (_slang_) to hoax--also KID'DY.--_n._ a deception. [Perh. conn. with _kid_, a child.]

KIDDER, kid'er, _n._ a forestaller, huckster.

KIDDERMINSTER, kid'[.e]r-min-st[.e]r, _n._ a kind of carpet (_two-ply_ or _ingrain carpet_), from the town.

KIDDLE, kid'l, _n._ a stake-fence set in a stream for catching fish.--Also KID'EL, KETT'LE. [O. Fr. _quidel_; prob. Bret. _kidel_.]

KIDNAP, kid'nap, _v.t._ to steal, as a human being:--_pr.p._ kid'napping; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ kid'napped.--_n._ KID'NAPPER. [Vulgar _kid_ (old thieves' cant, _kinchin_--Ger. _kindchen_), a child, and vulgar _nab_, to steal.]

KIDNEY, kid'ni, _n._ one of two flattened glands, on each side of the loins, which secrete the urine: temperament, humour, disposition--hence, sort or kind, as in 'of the same kidney,' &c.--_ns._ KID'NEY-BEAN, a kind of bean shaped like a kidney; KID'NEY-POT[=A]'TO, one of various kidney-shaped varieties of the common potato; KID'NEY-VETCH, a genus of leguminous plants, the only British species being called Lady's Fingers; KID'NEY-WORT, a plant of the genus Saxifrage. [M. E. _kidnere_--Ice. _kvidhr_, the womb, the belly, Ice. _n['y]ra_ (Ger. _niere_, a kidney).]

KIE-KIE, k[=i]'k[=i], _n._ a New Zealand high-climbing shrub.

KIESELGUHR, k[=e]'zl-g[=u]r, _n._ the mineral remains of a species of algae, used in the manufacture of dynamite. [Ger.,--_kiesel_, flint, _guhr_, fermentation.]

KIKUMON, kik'[=oo]-mon, _n._ a badge or crest of the imperial family of Japan, consisting of an open chrysanthemum flower.

KILDERKIN, kil'd[.e]r-kin, _n._ a small barrel: a liquid measure of 18 gallons. [Old Dut. _kindeken_, _kinneken_ (Scot. _kinken_), dim. of Dut. _kind_, a child.]

KILERG, kil'erg, _n._ a thousand ergs.

KILEY, k[=i]'le, _n._ a boomerang.--Also KY'LEY.

KILL, kil, _v.t._ to put to death, to slay: to nullify or neutralise, to weaken or dilute, to render inactive: to reject, discard: to fascinate, overcome.--_n._ the act of killing, as game.--_ns._ KILL'-COURT'ESY (_Shak._), a discourteous, boorish person; KILL'-CROP, a changeling; KILL'ER, one who kills, a slaughterer or butcher: a club for killing fish: a ferocious delphinid which sometimes attacks the whale.--_p.adj._ KILL'ING, depriving of life: destructive: deadly, irresistible: completely fascinating.--_n._ and _adj._ KILL'JOY, a mar-sport, austere.--KILL BY INCHES, by gradual means, as by torture; KILL OFF, to exterminate; KILL TIME, to consume spare time, as with amusements, &c.; KILL TWO BIRDS WITH ONE STONE, to effect one thing by the way, or by the same means with which another thing is done; KILL UP (_Shak._), to exterminate.--KILLING TIMES, the days of the persecution of the Covenanters.--DO A THING TO KILL, in an irresistible manner. [M. E. _killen_ or _cullen_--Ice. _kolla_, to hit on the head--_kollr_, the head; not a doublet of _quell_.]

KILLADAR, kil'a-dar, _n._ the commandant of a fort or garrison. [Hind.]

KILLAS, kil'as, _n._ clay slate, in Cornwall.

KILLDEE, kil'd[=e], _n._ the largest variety of North American ring-plover. [Imit.]

KILLOCK, kil'ok, _n._ a small anchor, the fluke of such.

KILLOGIE, ki-l[=o]'gi, _n._ (_Scot._) the furnace of a kiln.

KILLUT, kil'ut, _n._ in India, a robe of honour given: any ceremonial present.--Also KELL'AUT.

KILMARNOCK, kil-mar'nok, _n._ a kind of closely woven broad bonnet, having a peak of the same material at the top, originally made at _Kilmarnock_.--KILMARNOCK COWL, a kind of nightcap.

KILN, kil, _n._ a large oven in which corn, bricks, hops, &c. are dried: bricks placed for burning.--_v.t._ KILN'-DRY, to dry in a kiln.--_n._ KILN'-HOLE, the mouth of a kiln. [A.S. _cyln_ (Ice. _kylna_, a drying-house for corn)--L. _culina_, a kitchen.]

KILOGRAMME, kil'o-gram, _n._ a French measure of weight, equal to 1000 grammes, or 2-1/5 lb. avoirdupois. [Gr. _chilioi_, 1000, _gramma_, a weight.]

KILOLITRE, kil'o-l[=e]-tr, _n._ 1000 litres.

KILOMETRE, kil'o-m[=e]-tr, _n._ a French measure, being 1000 metres, or nearly 5/8 of a mile. [Fr.,--Gr. _chilioi_, 1000, _metron_, a measure.]

KILT, kilt, _n._ a kind of short petticoat or plaited skirt, forming part of the Highland dress.--_v.t._ (_Scot._) to truss up.--_adj._ KILT'ED, dressed in a kilt.--_n._ KILT'IE, one wearing a kilt, a soldier in a Highland regiment. [Northern Eng. _kilt_, to tuck up, from Dan. _kilte_, to tuck up: cf. Ice. _kilting_, a skirt.]

KILT, kilt, (_Spens._) _pa.p._ of kill.

KILTER, kil't[.e]r, _n._ order, proper condition--in phrase, 'out of kilter.'--Also KEL'TER.

KIMBO, kim'bo, _n._ Same as AKIMBO.

KIMONO, ki-m[=o]'n[=o], _n._ a loose robe, fastening with a sash, the principal outer garment in Japan.

KIN, kin, _n._ persons of the same family: relatives: relationship: affinity.--_adj._ related.--_adj._ KIN'LESS, without relations.--NEXT OF KIN, the relatives (lineal or collateral) of a deceased person, among whom his personal property is distributed if he dies intestate; Of kin, of the same kin. [A.S. _cynn_; Ice. _kyn_, Goth. _kuni_, family, race; cog. with L. _genus_, Gr. _genos_.]

KINCHIN, kin'chin, _n._ a child in thieves' slang.--_n._ KIN'CHIN-MORT, a child, generally a girl.--KINCHIN LAY, the robbing of children. [Cf. _kidnap_.]

KINCOB, kin'kob, _n._ a rich silk-stuff made in India.

KIND, k[=i]nd, _n._ those of kin, a race: sort or species, a particular variety: nature: style, method of action, character: produce, as distinguished from money.--_adj._ having the feelings natural for those of the same family: disposed to do good to others: benevolent.--_adj._ KIND'-HEART'ED.--_n._ KIND'-HEART'EDNESS.--_adj._ KIND'LESS (_Shak._), destitute of kindness, unnatural.--_n._ KIND'NESS.--_adj._ KIND'-SPOK'EN, spoken kindly: given to speaking kindly.--KIND OF (_coll._), somewhat, to some extent--used adverbially with adjectives and even verbs.--DO ONE'S KIND (_Shak._), to act according to one's nature; IN A KIND, in a way, to some extent; IN KIND, payment in goods instead of money. [A.S. _cynde_--_cynn_, kin.]

KIND, kind, _v.t._ (_Spens._) to beget. [From _kin_.]

KINDERGARTEN, kin'd[.e]r-g[:a]r'tn, _n._ an infant school on Froebel's principle (1826), in which object-lessons and games figure largely.--_n._ KINDERGART'NER, a teacher in a kindergarten. [Ger. _kinder_, children, _garten_, garden.]

KINDLE, kin'dl, _v.t._ to set fire to: to light: to inflame, as the passions: to provoke: to excite to action.--_v.i._ to take fire: to begin to be excited: to be roused.--_ns._ KIN'DLER; KIN'DLING, the act of causing to burn: the materials for commencing a fire. [Ice. _kyndyll_, a torch--L. _candela_, candle.]

KINDLE, kin'dl, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to bring forth (young). [M. E. _kindlen_--_kinde_, kind.]

KINDLY, k[=i]nd'li, _adj._ natural: benevolent: (_orig._) belonging to the kind or race.--_n._ KIND'LINESS.--_adv._ KIND'LY.--_adj._ KIND'LY-N[=A]'TURED.--KINDLY TENANT (_Scot._), a tenant of the same stock as his landlord, or who held his lands in succession, from father to son, for several generations.

KINDRED, kin'dred, _n._ relationship by blood, less properly, by marriage: relatives: (_pl._, _B._) families.--_adj._ related: congenial. [M. E. _kinrede_--A.S. _cynn_, kin, and the suffix _-raeden_, expressing mode or state.]

KINE, k[=i]n, _n.pl._ (_B._) cows. [M. E. _ky-en_, a doubled plural of A.S. _c['u]_, a cow, the plural of which is _c['y]_; cf. Scotch _kye_.]

KINEMATICS, kin-e-mat'iks, _n._ the science which treats of motion without reference to force.--_adjs._ KINEMAT'IC, -AL. [Gr. _kin[=e]ma_, _-atos_, motion--_kinein_, to move.]

KINEMATOGRAPH, kin-e-mat'o-graf, _n._ an arrangement by which a numerous series of photographs, taken at rapid intervals, and representing some moving scene, is shown on a screen at the same rapid rate at which they were taken, giving a moving representation of the original scene--less correct but more common form, CINEMAT'OGRAPH (sin-). [Gr. _kin[=e]ma_, _kin[=e]matos_, motion, _graphein_, to write.]

KINESIPATHY, kin-[=e]-sip'a-thi, _n._ a mode of treating disease by muscular movements, movement-cure---also KINESITHER'APY.--_adjs._ KINESIAT'RIC, KINESIPATH'IC.--_n._ KINESIP'ATHIST.

KINETICS, ki-net'iks, _n._ the science which treats of the action of force in producing or changing motion.--_adjs._ KINET'IC, -AL.--_ns._ KINET'OGRAPH, a device by which a series of photographs of a moving object can be thrown on a screen so as to imitate the motion of the original; KINET'OSCOPE, an instrument for illustrating the production of kinematic curves by the combination of circular movements of different radii. [Gr. _kin[=e]tikos_--_kinein_, to move.]

KING, king, _n._ the chief ruler of a nation: a monarch: a playing-card having the picture of a king: the most important piece in chess: a crowned man in draughts: one who is pre-eminent among his fellows:--_fem._ QUEEN.--_v.t._ to play king.--_ns._ KING'-AT-ARMS, or KING'-OF-ARMS, a chief officer of the Heralds' Colleges, whose designations are, for England, Norroy, Clarencieux, and Garter; for Scotland, Lyon; and for Ireland, Ulster; KING'-BIRD, an American tyrant fly-catcher; KING'CRAB, the chief or largest of the crab genus, most common in the Molucca Islands; KING'CRAFT, the art of governing, mostly in a bad sense; KING'CUP, the buttercup or upright meadow crowfoot; KING'DOM, the state or attributes of a king: the territory of a king: government: a region: one of the three grand divisions of Natural History, as the animal, vegetable, or mineral.--_adj._ KING'DOMED (_Shak._), endowed with kingly power, proud.--_ns._ KING'FISHER, a bird with very brilliant plumage, feeding on fish, the halcyon; KING'HOOD, kingship: kingliness.--_adj._ KING'LESS.--_ns._ KING'LET, KING'LING, a little or petty king: the golden-crested wren.--_ns._ KING'LIHOOD, KING'LINESS.--_adj._ KING'-LIKE.--_adj._ KING'LY, belonging or suitable to a king: royal: noble--also _adv._--_ns._ KING'-MAK'ER, one who has the creating of kings in his power; KING'POST, a perpendicular beam in the frame of a roof rising from the tie-beam to the ridge; KING'S'-CUSH'ION, a seat formed by two people's hands; KING'S'-[=E]'VIL, a scrofulous disease or evil formerly supposed to be healed by the touch of the king; KING'SHIP, the state, office, or dignity of a king; KING'S'-HOOD, the second stomach of a ruminant, sometimes humorously for the human stomach; KING'S'-SPEAR, a plant of the genus Asphodel; KING'S'-YELL'OW, arsenic trisulphide or orpiment; KING'-VUL'TURE, a large tropical brilliantly-coloured American vulture; KING'WOOD, a beautiful Brazilian wood--also _Violet-wood_.--KING CHARLES SPANIEL (see SPANIEL); KING LOG, a do-nothing king, as opp. to KING STORK, one who devours his frog-subjects--from Aesop's fable; KING MOB, the vulgar multitude; KING OF BEASTS, the lion; KING OF METALS, gold; KING OF TERRORS, death; KING OF THE FOREST, the oak; KING'S BENCH, the bench or seat of the king: one of the high courts of law, so called because the king used to sit there, called _Queen's_ Bench during a queen's reign; KING'S COUNSEL an honorary rank of barristers; KING'S EVIDENCE, a criminal allowed to become a witness against an accomplice.--KINGDOM COME (_slang_), the state after death.--THREE KINGS OF COLOGNE, the three Wise Men of the East, Gaspar, Melchior, and Balthazar. [A.S. _cyning_--_cyn_, a tribe, with suffix _-kin_; cog. with _kin_.]

KINIC, kin'ik, _adj._ pertaining to cinchona, cinchonic.

KINK, kingk, _n._ a twist in a string, rope, &c.--also KINK'LE.--_v.i._ and _v.t._ to twist.--_adj._ KINK'Y, full of kinks: woolly: crotchety. [Scand.; Sw. and Norw. _kink_.]

KINK, kingk, _v.i._ to cough loudly, gasp for breath.--_n._ a convulsive cough or gasp.--_n._ KINK'COUGH, whooping-cough, chincough (q.v.).

KINKAJOU, kin'ka-j[=oo], _n._ a South American quadruped allied to the raccoon.

KINO, k[=e]'no, _n._ an astringent vegetable exudation resembling catechu. [East Indian.]

KINSFOLK, kinz'f[=o]k, _n._ folk or people kindred or related to one another.--_ns._ KIN'SHIP, relationship; KINS'MAN, a man of the same kin or race with another:--_fem._ KINS'WOMAN.

KIOSK, ki-osk', _n._ an Eastern garden pavilion: a small shop like a sentry-box for the sale of papers, &c. [Turk.,--Pers. _kushk_.]

KIP, kip, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to play truant.

KIP, kip, _n._ the skin of a young animal.--_n._ KIP'SKIN, leather made from the skin of young cattle, intermediate between calf-skin and cow-hide.

KIP, kip, _n._ a level or slight incline at the end of an underground way, on which the tubs of coal stand till hoisted up the shaft.

KIP, kip, _n._ a house of ill-fame.--Also KIP'SHOP.

KIPE, k[=i]p, _n._ (_prov._) an osier basket for catching pike.

KIPPAGE, kip'[=a]j, _n._ (_Scot._) a fit of temper, a rage.

KIPPER, kip'[.e]r, _n._ a male salmon after the spawning season: a salmon split open, seasoned, and dried.--_v.t._ to cure or preserve, as a salmon or haddock. [Dut. _kippen_, to seize; Norw. _kippa_.]

KIRBEH, kir'be, _n._ a skin for holding water. [Ar.]

KIRIMON, k[=e]'ri-mon, _n._ one of the two imperial crests of Japan, bearing three leaves and three flowers of paulownia.

KIRK, k[.e]rk, _n._ in Scotland, a church--sometimes 'the Kirk' means the Established Church specially.--_ns._ KIRK'IN, the first attendance of a pair after marriage, of a magistrate after election; KIRK'-SESS'ION, the lowest court in Presbyterian churches, being the governing body of a

## particular congregation; KIRK'TON (_Scot._), the village in which the

parish church stands; KIRK'YARD, a graveyard.--AULD KIRK, the Established Church in Scotland--by association of ideas, (_coll._) the whisky bottle, whisky. [A Northern Eng. form of _church_.]

KIRSCHWASSER, k[=e]rsh'v[:a]s-ser, _n._ a liqueur made from the wild cherry. [Ger., 'cherry water.']

KIRTLE, k[.e]r'tl, _n._ a sort of gown or outer petticoat: a mantle.--_adj._ KIR'TLED. [A.S. _cyrtel_; Dan. _kiortel_; Ice. _kyrtill_: perh. conn. with _skirt_ and _shirt_.]

KISMET, kis'met, _n._ fate, destiny. [Turk. _qismet_.]

KISS, kis, _v.t._ to press one's lips to in affection or reverence: to treat with fondness: to touch gently: to collide (of two billiard-balls).--_v.i._ to salute with the lips.--_n._ a salute with the lips.--_ns._ KISS'-CURL, a small curl at the side of the forehead; KISS'ER; KISS'ING-COM'FIT, a perfumed comfit for sweetening the breath; KISS'ING-CRUST, that part of the upper crust of the loaf which, while baking, overhangs the edge and touches another.--_n.pl._ KISS'ING-STRINGS, cap or bonnet strings tied under the chin.--_n._ KISS'-ME, the wild form of _Viola tricolor_, the pansy: a short veil: a small bonnet--also KISS'-ME-QUICK.--KISS HANDS, to kiss the sovereign's hands on a minister's acceptance of office; KISS OF PEACE, a kiss of greeting exchanged between the members of the early Church, a shadow of which survives in the kissing of the pax at high mass; KISS THE BOOK, to kiss a copy of the New Testament, in England, after taking a legal oath; KISS THE DUST, to be felled to the ground, to be slain or vanquished; KISS THE GUNNER'S DAUGHTER, to get a flogging, tied to the breech of a cannon; KISS THE ROD, to submit to punishment. [A.S. _cyssan_, to kiss--_coss_, a kiss; Ger. _k[:u]ssen_, Dan. _kys_; allied to _choose_ and _gust_.]

KIST, kist, _n._ (_Scot._) a chest.--KIST O' WHISTLES, an organ. [A.S. _cist_.]

KISTVAEN, kist'v[=a]-en, _n._ a burial-chamber made of flat stones, and shaped like a chest. [W. _cist_, chest, _maen_, stone.]

KIT, kit, _n._ a small wooden tub: the outfit of necessaries of a soldier, sailor, or mechanic. [Old Dut. _kitte_, a hooped beer-can.]

KIT, kit, a small pocket violin. [Contracted from A.S. _cytere_--L. _cythara_, a _guitar_.]

KIT, kit, _n._ a contraction of kitten.--_n._ KIT'-CAT, a game played with sticks and a small piece of wood called a cat.

KIT, kit, _n._ a family, in phrase 'the whole kit.' [_Kith_.]

KITCAT, kit'kat, _n._ the name of a Whig London literary club, which existed from 1700 to about 1720, meeting for some time in the house of a pastry-cook named Christopher _Katt_: a portrait 36 by 28 inches in size, so called from the portraits of the _Kitcat_ Club painted by Sir G. Kneller.

KITCHEN, kich'en, _n._ a room where food is cooked: a utensil with a stove for dressing food, &c.: anything eaten as a relish with bread, potatoes, &c.--_v.t._ (_Shak._) to regale in the cook-room: to serve as relish to food, to make palatable, to use sparingly, as one would a relish--to make it last.--_ns._ KITCH'ENDOM, the domain of the kitchen; KITCH'ENER, a person employed in the kitchen: a cooking-stove; KITCH'EN-FEE, the fat which falls from meat in roasting; KITCH'EN-GAR'DEN, a garden where vegetables are cultivated for the kitchen; KITCH'EN-KNAVE, a scullion; KITCH'EN-MAID, a maid or servant whose work is in the kitchen; KITCH'EN-MID'DEN (Dan. _kj[:o]kkenm[:o]dding_), a prehistoric rubbish-heap in Denmark, the north of Scotland, &c.; KITCH'EN-PHYS'IC, substantial fare (_Milt._); KITCH'EN-RANGE, a kitchen grate with oven, boiler, &c. attached, for cooking; KITCH'EN-STUFF, material used in kitchens: kitchen refuse, esp. fat from pots, &c.; KITCH'EN-WENCH, a kitchen-maid. [A.S. _cicen_; Ger. _k[:u]che_, Fr. _cuisine_, all from L. _coquina_--_coqu[)e]re_, to cook.]

KITE, k[=i]t, _n._ a rapacious bird of the hawk kind: a rapacious person: a light frame covered with paper for flying in the air, attached to a long cord, by means of which it is steered: a light and lofty sail: an accommodation bill, esp. a mere paper credit.--_n._ KITE'-FLY'ING, the dealing in fictitious accommodation paper to raise money. [A.S. _c['y]ta_; cf. W. _cud_, Bret. _kidel_, a hawk.]

KITE, k[=i]t, _n._ (_Scot._) the belly.--Also KYTE. [A.S. _cwith_, the womb.]

KITH, kith, _n._ kindred, acquaintance, obsolete except in the phrase KITH AND KIN, acquaintances and relatives. [A.S. _c['u]dh_--_cunnan_, to know.]

KITTEN, kit'n, _n._ a young cat.--_v.i._ to bring forth young cats.--_n._ (_Scot._) KIT'LING.--_adj._ KITT'ENISH, frolicsome.--_v.i._ KITT'LE (_Scot._), to bring forth kittens. [M. E. _kitoun_, dim. of _cat_.]

KITTIWAKE, kit'i-w[=a]k, _n._ a species of gull with long wings and rudimentary hind-toe. [Imit.]