Part 57

JUNKET, jung'ket, _n._ any sweetmeat or delicacy: curds mixed with cream, sweetened and flavoured: a feast or merrymaking, a picnic, a spree.--_v.i._ to feast, banquet, take part in a convivial entertainment or spree.--_v.t._ to feast, regale, entertain:--_pr.p._ junketing; _pa.p._ jun'keted.--_n._ JUNK'ETING, a merry feast or entertainment, picnicking. [It. _guincata_--L. _juncus_, a rush.]

JUNO, j[=oo]'n[=o], _n._ in Roman mythology, the wife of Jupiter, parallel with the Greek Hera, regarded as the special protectress of marriage and the guardian of woman from birth to death: a queenly woman.--_adj._ JUN[=O]'NIAN.

JUNTA, jun'ta, _n._ a meeting, council: a Spanish grand council of state. [Sp.,--L. _jung[)e]re_, to join.]

JUNTO, jun't[=o], _n._ a body of men joined or united for some secret intrigue: a confederacy: a cabal or faction:--_pl._ JUN'TOS. [Sp. _junta_.]

JUPATI-PALM, j[=oo]'pa-t[=e]-p[:a]m, _n._ a South American palm yielding the raphia-fibre.

JUPITER, j[=oo]'pi-t[.e]r, _n._ the chief god among the Romans, the parallel of the Greek Zeus--also JOVE: the largest and, next to Venus, the brightest of the planets.--JUPITER'S BEARD, the house-leek. [L., Gr. _Zeus pat[=e]r_, Sans. _Dyaus pitar_, lit. 'Jove (Zeus) father.']

JUPON, j[=oo]'-pon, _n._ a sleeveless jacket or close-fitting coat, extending down over the hips: a petticoat.--_n._ JUPETTE', a jupon with very short skirt. [Fr. _jupon_, _jupe_, a petticoat.]

JURAL, j[=oo]'ral, _adj._ pertaining to natural or positive right.--_adv._ JU'RALLY.

JURASSIC, j[=oo]-ras'sik, _adj._ (_geol._) one of the three divisions of the Mesozoic rocks, including the Lias and Oolites, and so called from its well-developed strata in the _Jura_ Mountains.

JURAT, j[=oo]'rat, _n._ the official memorandum at the end of an affidavit, showing the time when and the person before whom it was sworn.

JURAT, j[=oo]'rat, _n._ a sworn officer, as a magistrate.

JURANT, j[=oo]'rant, _adj._ taking an oath.--_n._ one who takes an oath.--_adj._ JU'RATORY, pertaining to an oath.

JURIDICAL, j[=oo]-rid'ik-al, _adj._ relating to the distribution of justice: pertaining to a judge: used in courts of law.--_adv._ JURID'ICALLY. [L. _juridicus_--_jus_, _juris_, law, _dicere_[typo: _dic[)e]re_], to declare.]

JURISCONSULT, j[=oo]-ris-kon'sult, _n._ one who is consulted on the law: a lawyer who gives opinions on cases put to him: a jurist. [L. _jus_, _juris_, law, _consultus_--_consultere_, to consult.]

JURISDICTION, j[=oo]-ris-dik'shun, _n._ the distribution of justice: legal authority: extent of power: district over which any authority extends.--_adjs._ JURISDIC'TIONAL, JURISDIC'TIVE. [Fr.,--L. _jurisdictio_.]

JURISPRUDENCE, j[=oo]-ris-pr[=oo]'dens, _n._ the science or knowledge of law.--_adj._ JURISPRU'DENT, learned in law.--_n._ one who is learned in law.--_adj._ JURISPRUDEN'TIAL.--MEDICAL JURISPRUDENCE, forensic medicine (see FORENSIC). [Fr.--L., _jurisprudentia_--_jus_, _juris_, law, _prudentia_, knowledge.]

JURIST, j[=oo]'rist, _n._ one who is versed in the science of law, esp. Roman or civil law: a civilian.--_adjs._ JURIST'IC, -AL.--_adv._ JURIST'ICALLY. [Fr. _juriste_.]

JURY, j[=oo]'ri, _n._ a body of not less than twelve men, selected and sworn, as prescribed by law, to declare the truth on evidence before them: a committee for deciding prizes at a public exhibition.--_ns._ JU'ROR, one who serves on a jury--also JU'RYMAN; JU'RY-BOX, the place in which the jury sit during a trial.--JURY OF MATRONS, a jury of 'discreet' women impanelled to try a question of pregnancy, as where a widow alleges herself to be with child by her late husband, or a woman sentenced to death, to stay execution, pleads that she is with child. [Fr. _jur['e]_, sworn--_jurer_--L. _jur[=a]re_, to swear.]

JURYMAST, j[=oo]'ri-m[:a]st, _n._ a temporary mast raised instead of one lost.--_adj._ JU'RY-RIGGED, rigged in a temporary way.--_n._ JU'RY-RUDD'ER, a temporary rudder for one lost. [Not _injury-mast_, but O. Fr. _ajurie_, aid--L. _adjut[=a]re_, to aid.]

JUS, jus, _n._ law right.--JUS CIVILE, the civil law; JUS DIVINUM, the divine right of kings; JUS GENTIUM, law of nations; JUS MARITI, the right of a husband; JUS NATURALE, the law of nature, the common sense of justice; JUS PRIMAE NOCTIS, the alleged right of a feudal superior to deflower a young bride.

JUSSIVE, jus'iv, _adj._ expressing command.--_n._ a grammatical form or construction expressing commands.

JUST, just, _n._ a tilt. Same as JOUST.

JUST, just, _adv._ lawful: upright: exact: regular: true: righteous.--_adv._ precisely, almost exactly, very lately, (_coll._) quite, barely.--_adv._ JUST'LY, in a just manner: equitably: uprightly: accurately: by right.--_n._ JUST'NESS, equity: propriety: exactness. [Fr.,--L. _justus_--_jus_, law.]

JUSTICE, jus'tis, _n._ quality of being just: integrity: impartiality: desert: retribution: a judge: a magistrate.--_ns._ JUS'TICESHIP, office or dignity of a justice or judge; JUSTIC'IARY, JUSTIC'IAR, an administrator of justice: a chief-justice.--JUSTICE OF THE PEACE (abb. J.P.), an inferior magistrate; JUSTICES' JUSTICE, a term sarcastically applied to the kind of justice sometimes administered by the unpaid and amateur magistracy of England.--LORD CHIEF-JUSTICE, the chief judge of the King's (or Queen's) Bench Division of the High Court of Justice; LORD JUSTICE-CLERK, the Scottish judge ranking next to the Lord-Justice-general, presiding over the Outer House or Second Division of the Court of Session, vice-president of the High Court of Justiciary; LORD JUSTICE-GENERAL, the highest judge in Scotland, called also the Lord President of the Court of Session.--HIGH COURT OF JUSTICIARY, the supreme criminal court of justice in Scotland. [Fr.,--L. _justitia_.]

JUSTIFY, jus'ti-f[=i], _v.t._ to make just: to prove or show to be just or right: to vindicate: to absolve:--_pr.p._ jus'tifying; _pa.p._ jus'tified.--_adj._ JUSTIF[=I]'ABLE, that may be justified or defended.--_n._ JUSTIF[=I]'ABLENESS.--_adv._ JUSTIF[=I]'ABLY.--_n._ JUSTIFIC[=A]'TION, vindication: absolution: a plea of sufficient reason for.--_adjs._ JUS'TIFIC[=A]TIVE, JUS'TIFIC[=A]TORY, having power to justify.--_n._ JUS'TIFIER, one who defends, or vindicates: he who pardons and absolves from guilt and punishment.--JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH, the doctrine that men are justified by faith in Christ. [Fr.,--L. _justific[=a]re_--_justus_, just, _fac[)e]re_, to make.]

JUSTLE, jus'l, _v.t._ Same as JOSTLE.

JUT, jut, _v.i._ to project:--_pr.p._ jut'ting; _pa.p._ jut'ted.--_adv._ JUT'TINGLY, projectingly.--_n._ JUT'-WIN'DOW, a projecting window. [A form of _jet_.]

JUTE, j[=oo]t, _n._ the fibre of an Indian plant resembling hemp, used in the manufacture of coarse bags, mats, &c. [Orissa _jhot_, Sans. _jhat_.]

JUTTY, jut'i, _n._ a projecting part of a building: a pier, a jetty.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ (_Shak._) to jut. [_Jut_.]

JUVENAL, j[=oo]'ve-nal, _n._ (_Shak._) a youth. [L.]

JUVENESCENT, j[=oo]-ven-es'ent, _adj._ becoming young.--_n._ JUVENESC'ENCE. [L. _juvenesc[)e]re_, to grow young.]

JUVENILE, j[=oo]'ve-n[=i]l, or -nil, _adj._ young: pertaining or suited to youth: puerile.--_n._ a young person: a book written for such: an actor who plays youthful parts.--_ns._ JU'VENILENESS, JUVENIL'ITY. [Fr.,--L. _juvenilis_--_juvenis_, young.]

JUXTAPOSITION, juks-ta-p[=o]-zish'un, _n._ a placing or being placed near: contiguity.--_v.t_. JUXTAPOSE', to place side by side. [L. _juxta_, near, and _position_.]

JYMOLD, j[=i]'mold, _adj._ (_Shak._). Same as GIMMAL.

* * * * *

K the eleventh letter in our alphabet, its sound that of the sharp guttural mute, formed by raising the tongue to the back of the palate: (_chem._) the symbol for potassium: (_math._) generally a constant coefficient: also a unit vector perpendicular to _i_ and _j_: as a medieval numeral, 250.

KAABA, k[:a]'b[:a], or k[=a]'a-b[:a], _n._ Same as CAABA (q.v.).

KABALA, kab'a-la, _n._ Same as CABALA.

KABYLE, ka-b[=i]l', _n._ one of a branch of the great Berber race of North Africa: a dialect of Berber spoken by many of the Kabyles. [Fr.,--Ar. _Qab[=a]il_, pl. of _qab[=i]la_, a tribe.]

KADDISH, kad'ish, _n._ a Jewish form of thanksgiving and prayer, used at funerals, &c. [Heb.]

KADI, k[=a]'di, _n._ Same as CADI.

KAE, k[=a], _n._ (_Scot._) a jackdaw.--Also KA.

KAFFIYEH, kaf'i-ye, _n._ a small shawl worn about the head in Syria.

KAFILA, kaf'i-la, _n._ a camel train, caravan.

KAFIR, kaf'ir, _n._ one of a native race of SE. Africa.--KAFIR BREAD, the pith of a South African plant; KAFIR CORN, Indian millet. [Ar., unbeliever.]

KAFTAN. Same as CAFTAN.

KAGO, kag'[=o], _n._ a Japanese basket with palanquin slung from a pole and carried by men.

KAIAK. Same as KAYAK.

KAIF, k[=i]f, _n._ undisturbed quiescence. [Ar.]

KAIL, k[=a]l, _n._ a ninepin. [Cf. Dut. and Ger. _kegel_.]

KAIL. See KALE.

KAIMAKAM, k[=i]-ma-kam', _n._ a lieutenant-colonel in the Turkish army: the administrator of a subdivision of a vilayet.

KAIN, k[=a]n, _n._ in old Scots law, rent paid in kind, e.g. in poultry, to a landlord.

KAINITE, k[=i]'n[=i]t, _n._ a hydrated compound of the chlorides and sulphates of magnesium and potassium, used as a fertiliser. [Gr. _kainos_, new.]

KAINOZOIC. Same as CAINOZOIC.

KAISER, k[=i]'z[.e]r, _n._ an emperor, esp. of Germany and Austria.--_n._ KAI'SERSHIP. [Ger.,--L. _Caesar_.]

KAKA, k[:a]'ka, _n._ a New Zealand parrot.--_n._ KA'KAPO, a nocturnal flightless New Zealand parrot.

KAKEMONO, kak-e-m[=o]'n[=o], _n._ a Japanese wall-picture or decoration, painted on silk, gauze, or paper, and mounted on cylindrical rods.

KAKI, k[:a]'k[=e], _n._ the persimmon of Japan, or Chinese date.

KAKISTOCRACY, kak-is-tok'r[=a]-si, _n._ government by the worst men in the state. [Gr. _kakistos_, superl. of _kakos_, bad, _kratia_, rule.]

KAKODYL. See CACODYL.

KALA, k[:a]'la, _n._ time: destiny.--K[^A]LA CHAKRA, the wheel of time. [Sans.]

KALAMDAN, kal'am-dan, _n._ a Persian writing-case, with compartments for ink, reed-pens, knife, &c.

KALAMKARI, kal-am-kar'i, _n._ a method of colouring and decorating by several dyeings or printings, also a chintz so treated. [Pers.]

KALE, KAIL, k[=a]l, _n._ a cabbage with open curled leaves, cabbage generally: broth of which kale is a chief ingredient.--_ns._ KAIL'YARD, a kitchen-garden; KALE'-RUNT, a cabbage-stem.--KAILYARD-SCHOOL, a group of writers of stories of humble Scotch country life--S. R. Crockett, Ian Maclaren, &c. [_Cole._]

KALEIDOPHONE, ka-l[=i]'do-f[=o]n, _n._ an instrument consisting of a rod or thin plate with a knob at the end, for showing the curves corresponding with the musical notes produced by the vibrations. [Gr. _kalos_, beautiful, _eidos_, form, _ph[=o]n[=e]_, sound.]

KALEIDOSCOPE, ka-l[=i]'do-sk[=o]p, _n._ an optical toy in which we see an endless variety of beautiful colours and forms.--_adj._ KALEIDOSCOP'IC. [Gr. _kalos_, beautiful, _eidos_, form, _skopein_, to see.]

KALENDAR, KALENDS=CALENDAR, CALENDS.

KALEVALA, kal-e-v[:a]'l[:a], _n._ the great Finnish epic, written in eight-syllabled trochaic verse (from which Longfellow's _Hiawatha_ is imitated), taken down from the lips of the peasantry and pieced together by Dr. L[:o]nnrot of Helsingfors in 1835, in extended form (22,793 verses) in 1849. [Finnish, _kaleva_, a hero, _-la_, denoting place.]

KALI, kal'i, or k[=a]'l[=i], _n._ the prickly saltwort or glasswort.--_adj._ KALIG'ENOUS, producing alkalies.--_n._ K[=A]'LIUM, potassium.

KALI, k[:a]'l[=e], _n._ a carpet with long nap, also the large carpet covering the centre of a Persian room.

KALI, k[:a]'l[=e], _n._ a Hindu goddess, wife of Siva, the dark goddess of destruction--called also _Durga_.

KALIF, k[=a]'lif, _n._ Same as CALIF.

KALIYUGA, kal-i-y[=oo]'ga, _n._ in Hindu mythology, the present age of the world, the fourth, characterised by universal degeneracy.

KALMIA, kal'mi-[:a], _n._ a genus of North American evergreen shrubs, including the American mountain laurel. [From Peter _Kalm_, pupil of Linnaeus.]

KALMUCK, kal'muk, _n._ a member of a Mongolian race.--Also CAL'MUCK. [Russ.]

KALOLOGY, kal-ol'o-ji, _n._ the science of beauty in itself considered. [Gr. _kalos_, beautiful, _logia_, discourse.]

KALONG, ka-long', _n._ a general name of the large fruit-bats, flying foxes, &c.

KALOTYPE. Same as CALOTYPE.

KALPA, kal'pa, _n._ a day of Brahma, a period of 4320 million years.--Also CAL'PA. [Sans., 'formation.']

KALPIS, kal'pis, _n._ a three-handled water-vase. [Gr.]

KALSOMINE, an incorrect form of _calcimine_, which see under CALCIUM.

KALYPTRA, ka-lip'tra, _n._ a thin veil worn by Greek women over the hair.

KAM, k[:a]m, _adj._ (_Shak._) crooked.

KAMA, k[:a]'ma, _n._ the god of love in the Pur[^a]nas: impure desire.--Also CAMA, KA'MADEVA.

KAMERA, kam'[.e]-ra, _n._ a room. See CAMERA.

KAMES, k[=a]mz, _n.pl._ (_geol._) banks and ridges of gravel, sand, &c., associated with the glacial deposits of Scotland--the same as _[oa]sar_ (q.v.) and _eskar_.

KAMI, k[:a]'mi, _n._ a Japanese term for a lord, for any of the national gods, demi-gods, or deified heroes, or any of their supposed descendants, as the mikados and the imperial family. [Japanese, 'superior.']

KAMICHI, kam'i-chi, _n._ the horned screamer.

KAMILA, KAMELA, ka-m[=e]'la, _n._ an East Indian orange dye-stuff yielded by a common Madras tree of the spurge family.

KAMIS, KAMEES, ka-m[=e]s', _n._ the long loose sleeved shirt worn by men in Mohammedan countries.

KAMPONG, kam-pong', _n._ an enclosed space. [Malay.]

KAMPTULICON, kamp-t[=u]'li-kon, _n._ a ground cork and caoutchouc floorcloth. [Gr. _kamptein_, to bend.]

KAMSIN. See KHAMSIN.

KANA, k[:a]'na, _n._ Japanese writing, as distinguished from Japanese written in Chinese characters.

KANAKA, ka-nak'a, _n._ a Hawaiian or Sandwich Islander: one of the native labourers brought from the Pacific islands, on engagement for a certain fixed number of years, to Australia, &c. [Hawaiian, 'a man.']

KANEH, k[:a]'ne, _n._ a Hebrew measure of 6 cubits length.--Also C[=A]'NEH.

KANG, kang, _n._ a large Chinese water-jar: an oven-like brick structure in northern China, for sleeping on at night, a fire being lighted underneath.

KANGAROO, kang-gar-[=oo]', _n._ a large marsupial mammal of Australia, with very long hind-legs and great power of leaping.--_n._ KANGAROO'-GRASS, a valuable Australian fodder grass.

KANS, kanz, _n._ a common Indian grass, allied to the sugar-cane.

KANTEN, kan'ten, _n._ a gelatinous substance extracted from seaweeds, used for soups and for sizing. [Jap.]

KANTIAN, kan'shi-an, _adj._ pertaining to the doctrines of, or belonging to, the great German philosopher, Immanuel _Kant_ (1724-1804).--_ns._ KAN'TIANISM, KANT'ISM, the doctrines or philosophy of Kant; KANT'IST, a disciple or follower of Kant.

KANTIKOY, CANTICOY, kan'ti-koi, _n._ a religious dance among American Indians, a dancing-match.--_v.i._ to dance as an act of worship.

KANUCK, ka-nuk', _n._ (_U.S._) a Canadian.--Also CANUCK'. [Ind.]

KAOLIN, k[:a]'o-lin, _n._ same as CHINA CLAY. [From the mountain _Kao-ling_ ('high ridge') in China.]

KAPELLMEISTER, k[:a]-pel'm[=i]s-ter, _n._ the director of an orchestra or choir, esp. the band of a ruling prince in Germany. [Ger. _kapelle_, chapel, orchestra, _meister_, master.]

KAPNOGRAPHY, kap-nog'ra-fi, _n._ the art of producing decorative designs on a smoked surface with a fine point, shading by successive deposits of carbon from a flame, fixed by varnish.--_adj._ KAPNOGRAPH'IC. [Gr. _kapnos_, smoke, _graphia_--_graphein_, to write.]

KAPOK, ka-pok', _n._ a cottony or silky fibre covering the seeds of a species of silk-cotton tree, used for stuffing pillows, &c.

KARAITE, k[=a]'r[:a]-[=i]t, _n._ one of a stricter sect of Jews who cling to the literal interpretation of Scripture as against oral tradition. [Heb. _kara[=i]m_, readers.]

KARMA, k[:a]r'm[:a], _n._ the Buddhist conception of the quality of

## actions, including both merit and demerit, determining the future condition

of all sentient beings by a sort of virtue inherent in the nature of things--by the blind and unconscious but inevitable concatenation of cause and effect: the theory of inevitable consequence generally: the result of the actions of a life.--_adj._ KAR'MIC. [Sans. _karma_, work.]

KARMATHIAN, k[:a]r-m[=a]'thi-an, _n._ a member of a pantheistic socialistic Mohammedan sect which arose in Turkey about the close of the 9th century. [_Karmat_, its founder.]

KAROB, kar'ob, _n._ among goldsmiths, the twenty-fourth part of a grain.

KARROO, ka-r[=oo]', _n._ a generic name given to the high barren plains of Cape Colony.--Also KAROO'. [Hottentot, _karusa_, hard.]

KASSU, kas'[=oo], _n._ a kind of catechu made from the fruit of the betel-nut palm.

KAT, kat, _n._ the chief ancient Egyptian unit of weight, 1/50 lb. avoirdupois.

KATABOLISM, kat-ab'ol-izm, _n._ (_biol._) the discharging or disruptive process to which protoplasm is constantly subject--the opposite of _Anabolism_, the up-building, constructive process.--Also CATAB'OLISM. [Gr. _katabol[=e]_, _kataballein_, to throw down.]

KATAKANA, kat-a-k[:a]'na, _n._ one of the two styles of writing the syllabary of 48 letters in use among the Japanese (the other being _Hiragana_), used chiefly for proper names and foreign words.

KATYDID, k[=a]-ti-did', _n._ an American insect akin to the grasshopper. [Imit. of its note.]

KAURI-PINE, kow'ri-p[=i]n, _n._ a splendid forest-tree of New Zealand, yielding the well-known KAU'RI-GUM, a resin used in making varnish.

KAVA, k[:a]'va, _n._ _Piper methysticum_, also the narcotic drink prepared from it.--Also A'VA.

KAVASS, ka-vas', _n._ an armed man attendant on a person of distinction in Turkey.--Also CAVASS'. [Turk. _qawas_.]

KAW. Same as CAW.

KAY. Same as CAY.

KAYAK, ka'yak, _n._ a canoe used in Greenland, made of seal-skins stretched on a frame.

KEA, k[=e]'[:a], _n._ a New Zealand parrot that kills sheep.

KEB, keb, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to cast a lamb prematurely.--_n._ a ewe which has cast its lamb: a sheep louse or tick.

KEBBIE, keb'i, _n._ (_Scot._) a cudgel.

KEBBOCK, keb'uk. _n._ (_Scot._) a cheese.--Also KEBB'UCK. [Gael. _cabag_, a cheese.]

KEBLAH. See KIBLAH.

KECK, kek, _v.i._ to retch, feel loathing.--_n._ a retching.

KECK, KECKSY. See KEX.

KECKLE, kek'l, _v.t._ to preserve or protect by binding with old rope or chains, as a cable:--_pr.p._ keck'ling; _pa.p._ keck'led.--_n._ KECK'LING, rope, chains, &c. used to keckle cables or hawsers.

KEDGE, kej, _n._ a small anchor for keeping a ship steady, and for warping the ship.--_v.t._ to move by means of a kedge, to warp.--_n._ KEDG'ER, a kedge. [Scand.; cf. Sw. prov. _keka_, to drive slowly.]

KEDGE, kej, _adj._ (_prov._) brisk, lively: pot-bellied.--Also KEDG'Y, KIDGE.

KEDJEREE, kej'e-r[=e], _n._ a mess of rice, cooked with butter and the dholl pea, flavoured with spice, shred onion, &c., common all over India, and often served at Anglo-Indian breakfast-tables. [Hind. _khichr[=i]_.]

KEECH, k[=e]ch, _n._ (_Shak._) a lump of fat. [_Cake_.]

KEEK, k[=e]k, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to peep.--_n._ a peep.--_ns._ KEEK'ER, an inspector of mining; KEEK'ING-GLASS, a mirror. [M. E. _kyken_; cf. Dut. _kijken_, Ger. _kucken_.]

KEEL, k[=e]l, _n._ the part of a ship extending along the bottom from stem to stern, and supporting the whole frame: a low flat-bottomed boat: a Tyne coal-barge: a ship generally: (_bot._) the lowest petals of the corolla of a papilionaceous flower.--_v.t._ or _v.i._ to plough with a keel, to navigate: to turn keel upwards.--_n._ KEEL'AGE, dues for a keel or ship in port.--_adj._ KEELED (_bot._) keel-shaped: having a prominence on the back.--_ns._ KEEL'ER, KEEL'MAN, one who works on a barge.--_v.t._ KEEL'HAUL, to punish by hauling under the keel of a ship by ropes from the one side to the other: to treat a subordinate in a galling manner. [A.S. _ce['o]l_, a ship; Ger. and Dut. _kiel_; prob. confused with Ice. _ki[:o]lr_, a keel.]

KEEL, k[=e]l, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to cool. [A.S. _c['e]lan_, to chill.]

KEEL, k[=e]l, _n._ (_Scot._) red chalk, ruddle.--_v.t._ to mark with ruddle. [Prob. Gael. _cil_, ruddle.]

KEELIE, k[=e]'li, _n._ (_Scot._) the kestrel: a street Arab or young rough. [Imit.]

KEELING, k[=e]'ling, _n._ (_Scot._) a codfish.

KEELIVINE, k[=e]'li-v[=i]n, _n._ (_Scot._) a lead pencil.--Also KEE'LYVINE. [See _keel_, ruddle; ety. dub.]

[Illustration]

KEELSON, KELSON, kel'sun, _n._ an inner keel placed right over the outer keel of a ship, and securely fastened thereto. [Sw. _k[:o]lsvin_, Norw. _kj[:o]lsvill_, the latter syllable=Ger. _schwelle_, Eng. _sill_.]

KEEN, k[=e]n, _adj._ eager: sharp, having a fine edge: piercing: acute of mind: penetrating: intense.--_adv._ KEEN'LY.--_n._ KEEN'NESS. [A.S. _c['e]ne_; Ger. _k[:u]hn_, bold; Ice. _kaenn_, wise. Cog. with _ken_ and _can_.]

KEEN, k[=e]n, _n._ a lamentation over the dead.--_v.i._ to wail over the dead.--_n._ KEEN'ER, a professional mourner. [Ir. _caoine_.]

KEEP, k[=e]p, _v.t._ to have the care of: to guard: to maintain: to manage: to have in one's service: to hold for one's own use or enjoyment: to remain in: to adhere to: to practise: not to lose: to maintain hold upon: to restrain from departure: to preserve in a certain state: to maintain: to fulfill.--_v.i._ to remain in any position or state: to remain fresh: to last or endure: to continue: to adhere: to have rooms at college (Cambridge):---_pr.p._ keep'ing; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ kept.--_n._ that which keeps or protects: subsistence: food: the innermost and strongest part of a castle, the donjon: a stronghold.--_ns._ KEEP'ER, an attendant, manager, owner: a gamekeeper: socket, guard-ring; KEEP'ERSHIP, office of a keeper; KEEP'ING, care: custody: charge: (_Shak._) maintenance, support: just proportion, harmony: (_paint._) due proportion of light and shade; KEEP'ING-ROOM, a sitting-room, parlour; KEEP'SAKE, something given to be kept for the sake of the giver--the name used often to be applied to the annuals or sumptuous gift-books so much in vogue about 1830.--KEEP AN ACT, to hold an academical disputation; KEEP AN EYE ON, KEEP COMPANY, CHAPEL, COUNSEL, DISTANCE, HOURS, HOUSE, THE PEACE, &c. (see the nouns); KEEP A TERM (see TERM); KEEP AT IT, to persist in anything; KEEP BACK, to withhold: keep down, to repress (see also DARK); KEEP BODY AND SOUL TOGETHER, to maintain life; KEEP DOWN, to restrain; KEEP FROM, to abstain from: to remain away from; KEEP GOING IN a thing, to keep one supplied with it; KEEP IN, to prevent from escaping: to confine a pupil in the schoolroom after school hours: to conceal: to restrain; KEEP IN WITH, to maintain the confidence or friendship of some one; KEEP OFF, to hinder from approaching or making an attack; KEEP ONE'S COUNTENANCE, to preserve a calm appearance, hiding one's emotions; KEEP ONE'S HAND IN, to retain one's skill by means of constant practice; KEEP THE BREATH TO COOL ONE'S PORRIDGE, to confine attention to one's own affairs; KEEP THE POWDER DRY, to keep one's energies ready for action; KEEP TO, to stick closely to: to confine one's self to; KEEP UNDER, to hold down in restraint; KEEP UP, to retain one's strength or spirit: to support, prevent from falling: to continue, to prevent from ceasing: to maintain in good condition. [A.S. _c['e]pan_, orig. to traffic, hence to store up, keep--_ce['a]p_, price.]

KEEVE, k[=e]v, _n._ a large tub. [A.S. _c['y]fe_, vat.]

KEG, keg, _n._ a small cask or barrel. [Ice. _kaggi_.]

KEIR, k[=e]r, _n._ a bleaching-vat.

KELK, kelk, _v.t._ (_prov._) to beat.--_n._ a blow.

KELL, kel, _n._ (_prov._) a film, network.

KELP, kelp, _n._ the calcined ashes of seaweed, once used in making glass.--Also KILP. [Ety. unknown.]

KELPIE, KELPY, kel'pi, _n._ (_Scot._) a malignant water-sprite haunting fords in the form of a horse.

KELSON. Same as KEELSON.

KELT, kelt, _n._ a salmon that has just spawned.

KELT, kelt, _n._ (_Scot._) cloth made of black and white wool mixed and not dyed.--_adj._ KEL'TER, made of such.

KELT, KELTIC. Same as CELT, CELTIC.

KELTIE, KELTY, kel'ti, _n._ (_Scot._) a bumper imposed as a penalty on one who does not drink fair.

KEMB, kem, _v.t._ to comb. [A.S. _cemban_, to comb.]

KEMP, kemp, _n._ the coarse rough hairs of wool: (_pl._) knotty hair which will not felt.

KEMP, kemp, _n._ (_arch._) a champion: (_Scot._) a contest in work, &c.--_v.i._ to strive for mastery.--_ns._ KEM'PER, KEM'PERY-MAN, a champion, a knight-errant. [A.S. _cempa_, a warrior. Cf. _champion_.]

KEN, ken, _v.t._ to know: (_arch._) to see and recognise at a distance.--_n._ range of knowledge or sight.--_n._ KEN'NING (_Bacon_), range of vision: (_Scot._) a small portion.--_adj._ KEN'SPECKLE (_Scot._), conspicuous--also KEN'SPECK. [Ice. _kenna_, orig. to cause to know. Cf. _can_ and _know_.]

KEN, ken, _n._ (_slang_) a house. [Perh. Pers. _kh[=a]n_, a caravansary; not conn. with _kennel_.]

KENDAL-GREEN, ken'dal-gr[=e]n, _n._ green cloth for foresters made at _Kendal_ in Westmorland.

KENNEL, ken'el, _n._ a house for dogs: a pack of hounds: the hole of a fox, &c.: a haunt.--_v.t._ to keep in a kennel.--_v.i._ to live in a kennel:--_pr.p._ kenn'elling; _pa.p._ kenn'elled. [Norm. Fr. _kenil_ (Fr. _chenil_)--L. _can[=i]le_--_canis_, a dog.]

KENNEL, ken'el, _n._ the water-course of a street: a gutter. [A form of _canal_.]

KENNEL-COAL. Same as CANNEL-COAL.

KENNICK, ken'ik, _n._ the jargon of tramping tinkers.

KENOSIS, ken-[=o]'sis, _n._ the self-limitation on the part of the Logos in the act of incarnation, his emptying of himself, or his laying aside not only his divine attributes, but even his divine self-consciousness, only to be fully recovered at the ascension.--_adj._ KENOT'IC.--_n._ KENOT'ICIST. [Gr., from the phrase in Phil. ii. 6, 7, 'who, being in the form of God ... _emptied himself_ ([Greek: heauton ekenose]), taking the form of a servant.']

KENT, kent, _n._ (_Scot._) a pole, pike.--_v.i._ to propel a boat by a pole. [Prob. a variant of the verb _cant_.]

KENTISH, kent'ish, _adj._ pertaining to _Kent_.--_ns._ KENT'ISH-FIRE, rounds of noisy applause at political meetings--from the anti-Catholic demonstrations in _Kent_, 1828-29; KENT'ISH-RAG, a rough fossiliferous limestone found in _Kent_.

KENTLEDGE, kent'lej, _n._ pig-iron laid in a ship's hold for ballast.--Also KINT'LEDGE.

KEP, kep, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to catch. [_Keep_.]

KEPHALIC. Same as CEPHALIC.

KEPI, kep'i, _n._ a flat-topped forage-cap with a straight peak. [Fr. _k['e]pi_.]

KEPLERIAN, kep-l[=e]'ri-an, _adj._ pertaining to the great German astronomer, Johann _Kepler_ (1571-1630).--For KEPLER'S LAWS, see LAW.

KEPT, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _keep_.

KERAMIC. Same as CERAMIC.

KERASINE, ker'a-sin, _adj._ like or made of horn.--_ns._ KERAT[=I]'ASIS, a morbid condition characterised by warty or horny growths; KER'ATIN, a nitrogenous compound, the essential ingredient of horny tissue, as of horns, nails, &c. [Gr. _keras_, a horn.]

KERATITIS, ker-a-t[=i]'tis, _n._ inflammation of the cornea, either acute or chronic.--_n._ KERATAL'GIA, pain in the cornea.

KERBSTONE, k[.e]rb'st[=o]n, _n._ a form of curbstone.

KERCHIEF, k[.e]r'chif, _n._ any loose cloth used in dress: (_orig._) a square piece of cloth worn by women to cover the head.--_v.t._ to cover or dress with a kerchief.--_adjs._ KER'CHIEFED, KER'CHIEFT. [M. E. _couerchef_--O. Fr. _covrechef_ (Fr. _couvrechef_)--_covrir_, to cover, _chef_, the head.]