Part 43

HOROGRAPHY, hor-og'ra-fi, _n._ the art of constructing dials or instruments for indicating the hours.--_n._ HOROG'RAPHER. [Gr. _h[=o]ra_, an hour, _graphein_, to describe.]

HOROLOGE, hor'o-l[=o]j, _n._ any instrument for telling the hours.--_ns._ HOROL'OGER, HOROLOGIOG'RAPHER, HOROL'OGIST, a maker of clocks, &c.--_adjs._ HOROLOG'IC, -AL.--_ns._ HOROLOGIOG'RAPHY, the art of constructing timepieces; HOROL'OGY, the science which treats of the construction of machines for telling the hours: the office-book of the Greek Church for the canonical hours. [O. Fr. _horologe_ (Fr. _horloge_)--L. _horologium_--Gr. _h[=o]rologion_--_h[=o]ra_, an hour, _legein_, to tell.]

HOROMETRY, hor-om'et-ri, _n._ the art or practice of measuring time.--_adj._ HOROMET'RICAL. [Gr. _h[=o]ra_, an hour, _metron_, a measure.]

HOROSCOPE, hor'o-sk[=o]p, _n._ an observation of the heavens at the hour of a person's birth, by which the astrologer predicted the events of his life: a representation of the heavens for this purpose.--_adj._ HOROSCOP'IC.--_ns._ HOROS'COPIST, an astrologer; HOROS'COPY, the art of predicting the events of a person's life from his horoscope: aspect of the stars at the time of birth. [Fr.,--L.,--Gr. _h[=o]roskopos_--_h[=o]ra_, an hour, _skopein_, to observe.]

HORRENT, hor'ent, _adj._ standing on end, as bristles. [L. _horrens_, _-entis_, pr.p. of _horr[=e]re_, to bristle.]

HORRIBLE, hor'i-bl, _adj._ causing or tending to cause horror: dreadful: awful: terrific.--_n._ HORR'IBLENESS.--_adv._ HORR'IBLY. [L. _horribilis_--_horr[=e]re_.]

HORRID, hor'id, _adj._ fitted to produce horror: shocking: offensive.--_adv._ HORR'IDLY.--_n._ HORR'IDNESS. [L. _horridus_--_horr[=e]re_, to bristle.]

HORRIFY, hor'-i-f[=i], _v.t._ to strike with horror:--_pa.p._ horr'ified.--_adj._ HORRIF'IC, exciting horror: frightful. [L. _horrificus_--_horror_, horror, _fac[)e]re_, to make.]

HORRIPILATION, hor-i-pi-l[=a]'shun, _n._ a contraction of the cutaneous muscles causing the erection of the hairs and the condition known as goose-flesh.--_v.t._ HORRIP'ILATE.

HORRISONOUS, hor-is'[=o]-nus, _adj._ sounding dreadfully.--Also HORRIS'ONANT.

HORROR, hor'ur, _n._ a shuddering: excessive fear: that which excites horror.--_adjs._ HORR'OR-STRICK'EN, -STRUCK, struck with horror.--THE HORRORS, extreme depression: delirium tremens. [L.--_horr[=e]re_, to bristle.]

HORS-D'OEUVRE, or-d[:u]vr', a preliminary snack that does not form part of the regular _menu_.

[Illustration]

HORSE, hors, _n._ a well-known quadruped: (_collectively_) cavalry: that by which something is supported, as 'clothes-horse,' &c.: a wooden frame on which soldiers were formerly made to ride as a punishment--also _Timber-mare_: a boy's crib, a translation.--_v.t._ to mount on a horse: to provide with a horse: to sit astride: to carry on the back: to urge at work tyrannically: to construe by means of a crib.--_v.i._ to get on horseback: to charge for work before it is done.--_ns._ HORSE'-ARTILL'ERY, field artillery with comparatively light guns and the gunners mounted; HORSE'BACK, the back of a horse; HORSE'-BEAN, a large bean given to horses; HORSE'-BLOCK, a block or stage by which to mount or dismount from a horse; HORSE'-BOAT, a boat for carrying horses, or one towed by a horse; HORSE'-BOX, a railway car for transporting horses in, or a stall on shipboard; HORSE'-BOY, a stable-boy; HORSE'-BREAK'ER, HORSE'-TAM'ER, one whose business is to break or tame horses, or to teach them to draw or carry (PRETTY HORSE-BREAKER, a woman with little virtue to lose); HORSE'-CAR, a car drawn by horses; HORSE'-CHEST'NUT, a large variety of chestnut, prob. so called from its coarseness contrasted with the edible chestnut: the tree that produces it (see CHESTNUT); HORSE'-CLOTH, a cloth for covering a horse; HORSE'-COUP'ER (_Scot._), a horse-dealer; HORSE'-DEAL'ER, one who deals in horses; HORSE'-DOC'TOR, a veterinary surgeon; HORSE'-DRENCH, a dose of physic for a horse.--_adj._ HORSE'-FACED, having a long face.--_ns._ HORSE'-FLESH, the flesh of a horse: horses collectively: a Bahama mahogany.--_adj._ of reddish-bronze colour.--_ns._ HORSE'-FLY, a large fly that stings horses; HORSE'-FOOT, the colt's foot; HORSE'-GOD'MOTHER, a fat clumsy woman.--_n.pl._ HORSE'-GUARDS, horse-soldiers employed as guards: the 3d heavy cavalry regiment of the British army, forming part of the household troops: the War Office, or public office in Whitehall, London, appropriated to the departments of the commander-in-chief of the British army.--_ns._ HORSE'-HAIR, the hair of horses: haircloth; HORSE'-HOE, a hoe drawn by horses; HORSE'-KNACK'ER, one who buys worn-out horses for slaughtering; HORSE'-LAT'ITUDES, a part of the North Atlantic Ocean noted for long calms, so called from the frequent necessity of throwing part of a cargo of horses overboard from want of water when becalmed; HORSE'-LAUGH, a harsh, boisterous laugh; HORSE'-LEECH, a large species of leech, so named from its fastening on horses when wading in the water: a bloodsucker (Prov. xxx. 15); HORSE'-LITT'ER, a litter or bed borne between two horses; HORSE'-MACK'EREL, one of various fishes--the scad (q.v.), &c.; HORSE'MAN, a rider on horseback: a mounted soldier; HORSE'MANSHIP, the art of riding, and of training and managing horses; HORSE'-MA'RINE, a person quite out of his element: an imaginary being for whom wild flights of imagination had best be reserved ('Tell it to the horse-marines'); HORSE-MILL, a mill turned by horses; HORSE'-MILL'INER, one who provides the trappings for horses; HORSE'-MINT, a common European wild-mint: the American _Monarda punctata_--SWEET HORSE-MINT, the common dittany; HORSE'-NAIL, a nail for fastening a horse-shoe to the hoof; HORSE'-PIS'TOL, a large pistol carried in a holster; HORSE'-PLAY, rough, boisterous play; HORSE'-POND, a pond for watering horses at; HORSE'-POW'ER, the power a horse can exert, or its equivalent=that required to raise 33,000 lb. avoirdupois one foot per minute: a standard for estimating the power of steam-engines; HORSE'-RACE, a race by horses; HORSE'-RAC'ING, the practice of racing or running horses in matches; HORSE'-RAD'ISH, a plant with a pungent root, used in medicine and as a condiment; HORSE'-RAKE, a rake drawn by horses; HORSE'-RID'ING, a circus; HORSE'-SENSE, plain robust sense; HORSE'-SHOE, a shoe for horses, consisting of a curved piece of iron.--_adj._ shaped like a horse-shoe.--_ns._ HORSE'-SOL'DIER, a cavalry soldier; HORSE'-TAIL, a genus of leafless plants with hollow rush-like stems, so called from their likeness to a horse's tail; HORSE'-TRAIN'ER, one who trains horses for racing, &c.; HORSE'-WAY, a road by which a horse may pass; HORSE'-WHIP, a whip for driving horses.--_v.t._ to strike with a horse-whip: to lash.--_ns._ HORSE'WOMAN, a woman who rides on horseback; HORS'INESS; HORS'ING, birching a schoolboy mounted on another's back.--_adj._ HORS'Y, of or pertaining to horses: devoted to horse racing or breeding.--A DARK HORSE (see DARK); FLOG A DEAD HORSE, to try to work up excitement about a threadbare subject; GET ON, MOUNT, THE HIGH HORSE, to assume consequential airs; PUT THE CART BEFORE THE HORSE (see CART); RIDE THE WOODEN HORSE (see above); TAKE HORSE, to mount on horseback. [A.S. _hors_; Ice. _horss_, Old High Ger. _hros_ (Ger. _ross_).]

HORTATIVE, hort'a-tiv, _adj._ inciting: encouraging: giving advice--also HORT'ATORY.--_n._ HORT[=A]'TION. [L. _hort[=a]ri_, _-[=a]tus_, to incite.]

HORTICULTURE, hor'ti-kul-t[=u]r, _n._ the art of cultivating gardens.--_adj._ HORTICUL'TURAL, pertaining to the culture of gardens.--_n._ HORTICUL'TURIST, one versed in the art of cultivating gardens.--HORTUS SICCUS, a collection of dried plants arranged in a book. [L. _hortus_, a garden, _cultura_--_col[)e]re_, to cultivate.]

HOSANNNA, h[=o]-zan'a, _n._ an exclamation of praise to God, or a prayer for blessings. [Gr. _h[=o]sanna_--Heb. _h[=o]sh[=i]`[=a]h nn[=a]_, _h[=o]sh[=i][=a]`_, save, _n[=a]_, I pray.]

HOSE, h[=o]z, _n._ a covering for the legs or feet: stockings: socks: a flexible pipe for conveying water, so called from its shape:--_pl._ HOSE; (_B._) HOS'EN.--_ns._ HOSE'MAN, one who directs the stream of water from the hose of a fire-engine; HOSE'PIPE; HOSE'-REEL, a large revolving drum or reel for carrying hose for fire-engines, &c.; H[=O]'SIER, one who deals in hose, or stockings and socks, &c.; H[=O]'SIERY, hose in general. [A.S. _hosa_, pl. _hosan_; Dut. _hoos_, Ger. _hose_.]

HOSPICE, hos'p[=e]s, _n._ a house of entertainment for strangers, esp. such kept by monks on some Alpine passes for travelers.--Also HOSPIT'IUM. [Fr.,--L. _hospitium_--_hospes_, a stranger treated as a guest.]

HOSPITABLE, hos'pit-a-bl, _adj._ entertaining strangers and guests kindly and without reward: showing kindness: generous: bountiful.--_n._ HOS'PITABLENESS.--_adv._ HOS'PITABLY.--_n._ HOSPITAL'ITY, the practice of one who is hospitable; friendly welcome and entertainment of guests--(_Spens._) HOS'PIT[=A]GE.

HOSPITAL, hos-'pit-al, _n._ a building for the reception and treatment of the old, the sick, and hurt, &c., or for the support and education of the young.--_n._ HOS'PITALLER, one of a charitable brotherhood for the care of the sick in hospitals: one of an order of knights, commonly called Knights of St John (otherwise called Knights of Rhodes, and afterwards of Malta), who about 1048 built a hospital for the care and cure of pilgrims at Jerusalem.--HOSPITAL SATURDAY, or SUNDAY, days set apart for the collection of funds on behalf of hospitals.--CONVALESCENT HOSPITAL, one intermediate between the ordinary hospital and the patient's own home; COTTAGE HOSPITAL, a small establishment where hospital treatment is carried on at little expense and with simple arrangements; LOCK HOSPITAL, one for the treatment of venereal diseases; MAGDALEN HOSPITAL, an institution for the reclamation of fallen women; MARINE, or NAVAL, HOSPITAL, a special hospital for sick sailors, or for men in the naval service; MATERNITY HOSPITAL, one for women in labour. [O. Fr. _hospital_--Low L. _hospitale_--_hospes_, a guest.]

HOSPODAR, hos'po-d[:a]r, _n._ formerly the title of the princes of Moldavia and Wallachia. [Slav.]

HOSS, a vulgarism for _horse_.

HOST, h[=o]st, _n._ one who entertains a stranger or guest at his house without reward: an innkeeper: an organism on which another lives as a parasite:--_fem._ HOST'ESS.--_n._ HOST'ESS-SHIP (_Shak._), the character or office of a hostess.--_adj._ HOST'LESS (_Spens._), destitute of a host, inhospitable.--RECKON, or COUNT, WITHOUT ONE'S HOST, to misjudge, the original idea being that of totting up one's bill without reference to the landlord. [O. Fr. _hoste_--L. _hospes_, _hospitis_.]

HOST, h[=o]st, _n._ an army, a large multitude.--_n._ HOST'ING, (_Milt._) an encounter of hosts, a battle: (_Spens._) an assemblage of hosts, a muster.--A HOST IN HIMSELF, one of great strength, skill, or resources, within himself; HEAVENLY HOST, the angels and archangels; LORD OF HOSTS, a favourite Hebrew term for Jehovah, considered as head of the hosts of angels, the hosts of stars, &c. [O. Fr. _host_--L. _hostis_, an enemy.]

HOST, h[=o]st, _n._ in the R.C. Church, the consecrated bread of the Eucharist--a thin circular wafer of unleavened bread. [L. _hostia_, a victim.]

HOSTAGE, hos't[=a]j, _n._ one remaining with the enemy as a pledge for the fulfilment of the conditions of a treaty.--HOSTAGES TO FORTUNE, a man's wife, children, &c. [O. Fr. _hostage_ (Fr. _[^o]tage_)--Low L. _obsidaticus_--L. _obses_, _obsidis_, a hostage.]

HOSTEL, hos'tel, HOSTELRY, hos'tel-ri, _n._ an inn: in some universities an extra-collegiate hall for students.--_ns._ HOS'TELER, HOS'TELLER, one living in a hostel. [O. Fr. _hostel_, _hostellerie_.]

HOSTILE, hos'til, _adj._ belonging to an enemy: showing enmity: warlike: adverse.--_adv._ HOS'TILELY.--_n._ HOSTIL'ITY, enmity:--_pl._ HOSTIL'ITIES, acts of warfare. [L. _hostilis_--_hostis_.]

HOSTLER, OSTLER, hos'l[.e]r, or os'-, _n._ he who has the care of horses at an inn. [_Hostler_=_hosteleer_.]

HOT, hot, _adj._ having heat: very warm: fiery: pungent: animated: ardent in temper: fervent: vehement: violent: passionate: lustful.--_adj._ HOT'-AND-HOT', of food cooked and served up at once in hot dishes.--_ns._ HOT'BED, a glass-covered bed heated for bringing forward plants rapidly: any place favourable to rapid growth or development, as 'a hotbed of vice,' &c.; HOT'BLAST, a blast of heated air blown into a furnace to raise the heat.--_adjs._ HOT'-BLOOD'ED, having hot blood: high-spirited: irritable; HOT'-BRAINED, hot-headed, rash and violent.--_n._ HOT'-COCK'LES, an old game in which a person is blindfolded, and being struck, guesses who strikes him; HOT'-FLUE, a drying-room.--_adj._ HOT'-HEAD'ED, hot in the head: having warm passions: violent: impetuous.--_n._ HOT'-HOUSE, a house kept hot for the rearing of tender plants: any heated chamber or drying-room, esp. that where pottery is placed before going into the kiln: (_Shak._) a brothel.--_adv._ HOT'LY.--_adj._ HOT'-MOUTHED, headstrong.--_n._ HOT'NESS; HOT'-POT, a dish of chopped mutton seasoned and stewed with sliced potatoes.--_v.t._ HOT'PRESS, to press paper, &c., between hot plates to produce a glossy surface.--_adjs._ HOT'-SHORT, brittle when heated; HOT'-SPIR'ITED, having a fiery spirit.--_n._, one pressing his steed with spurs as in hot haste: a violent, rash man.--_adj._ HOT'-TEM'PERED, having a quick temper.--_ns._ HOT'-TROD, the hot pursuit in old Border forays; HOT'-WALL, a wall enclosing passages for hot air, affording warmth to fruit-trees trained against it, when needed; HOT'-WELL, in a condensing engine, a reservoir for the warm water drawn off from the condenser.--HOT COPPERS (see COPPER); HOT CROSS-BUNS (see CROSS); HOT FOOT, with speed, fast; IN HOT WATER, in a state of trouble or anxiety; MAKE A PLACE TOO HOT TO HOLD A PERSON, to make it impossible for him to stay there. [A.S. _h['a]t_; Ger. _heiss_, Sw. _het_.]

HOT, hot, HOTE, h[=o]t (_Spens._) named, called. [_Pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _hight_.]

HOTCHPOTCH, hoch'poch, HOTCHPOT, hoch'pot, HODGEPODGE, hoj'poj, _n._ a confused mass of ingredients shaken or mixed together in the same pot: a kind of mutton-broth in which green peas take the place of barley or rice.--HOTCHPOT, a commixture of property in order to secure an equable division amongst children. [Fr. _hochepot_--_hocher_, to shake, and pot, a pot--Old Dut. _hutsen_, to shake, Dut. _pot_, a pot.]

HOTEL, h[=o]-tel', _n._ a superior house for the accommodation of strangers: an inn: in France, also a public office, a private town-house, a palace.--_ns._ H[^O]TEL'-DE-VILLE (Fr.), a town-hall; H[^O]TEL'-DIEU, a hospital. [M. E. _hostel_--O. Fr. _hostel_ (Fr. _h[^o]tel_)--L. _hospitalia_, guest-chambers--_hospes_.]

HOTTENTOT, hot'n-tot, _n._ a native of the Cape of Good Hope: a brutish individual. [Dut., because the language of the South Africans seemed to the first Dutch settlers to sound like a repetition of the syllables _hot_ and _tot_; Dut. _en_--and.]

HOTTERING, hot'er-ing, _adj._ (_prov._) raging.

HOUDAH. See HOWDAH.

HOUDAN, h[=oo]'dang, _n._ a valued breed of domestic fowls, orig. from _Houdan_ in Seine-et-Oise.

HOUGH, hok, HOCK, hok, _n._ the joint on the hind-leg of a quadruped, between the knee and fetlock, corresponding to the ankle-joint in man: in man, the back part of the knee-joint: the ham.--_v.t._ to hamstring:--_pr.p._ hough'ing; _pa.p._ houghed (hokt). [A.S. _h['o]h_, the heel.]

HOUND, hownd, _n._ a dog used in hunting: a cur: a caitiff.--_v.t._ to set on in chase: to hunt: to urge, pursue, harass (with _on_).--_ns._ HOUND'FISH, same as DOGFISH; HOUNDS'-BERR'Y, the common dogwood; HOUND'S'-TONGUE, a plant, so called from the shape of its leaves.--GABRIEL HOUNDS, a popular name for the noise made by distant curlews, ascribed to damned souls whipped on by the angel Gabriel; MASTER OF HOUNDS, the master of a pack of hounds. [A.S. _hund_; Gr. ky[=o]n, _kynos_, L. _canis_, Sans. _cvan_.]

HOUR, owr, _n._ 60 min., or the 24th part of a day: the time indicated by a clock, &c.: an hour's journey, or three miles: a time or occasion; (_pl., myth._) the goddesses of the seasons and the hours: set times of prayer, the _canonical hours_, the offices or services prescribed for these, or a

## book containing them.--_ns._ HOUR'-CIR'CLE, a circle passing through the

celestial poles and fixed relatively to the earth: the circle of an equatorial which shows the hour-angle of the point to which the telescope is directed; HOUR'-GLASS, an instrument for measuring the hours by the running of sand from one glass vessel into another; HOUR'-HAND, the hand which shows the hour on a clock, &c.--_adj._ HOUR'LY, happening or done every hour: frequent.--_adv._ every hour: frequently.--_n._ HOUR'PLATE, the plate of a timepiece on which the hours are marked: the dial.--AT THE ELEVENTH HOUR, at the last moment possible (Matt. xx. 6, 9); IN A GOOD, OR EVIL, HOUR, acting under a fortunate, or an unfortunate, impulse--from the old belief in astrological influences; KEEP GOOD HOURS, to go to bed and to rise early: to lead a quiet and regular life; THE HOUR IS COME, the destined day of fate has come (John, xiii. 1); THE SMALL HOURS, the early hours of the morning; THREE HOURS SERVICE, a service held continuously on Good Friday, from noon to 3 P.M., in commemoration of the time of Christ's agony on the cross. [O. Fr. _hore_ (Fr. _heure_)--L. _hora_--Gr. _h[=o]ra_.]

HOURI, how'ri, h[=oo]'ri, _n._ a nymph of the Mohammedan paradise. [Pers. _huri_--Ar. _h[=u]riya_, a black-eyed girl.]

HOUSE, hows, _n._ a building for dwelling in: a dwelling-place: an inn: household affairs: a family: kindred: a trading establishment: one of the twelve divisions of the heavens in astrology: one of the estates of the legislature (House of Lords or Upper House, House of Commons or Lower House; also Upper and Lower Houses of Convocation, House of Representatives, &c.): at Oxford, 'The House,' Christ Church College: the audience at a place of entertainment, a theatre, &c. (a full house, a thin house): (_coll._) the workhouse:--_pl._ HOUSES (howz'ez).--_v.t._ HOUSE (howz), to protect by covering: to shelter: to store: to provide houses for.--_v.i._ to take shelter: to reside.--_ns._ HOUSE'-[=A]'GENT, one who has the letting of houses; HOUSE'-BOAT, a barge with a deck-cabin that may serve as a dwelling-place; HOUSE'-BOTE, wood that a tenant may take to repair his house, or for fuel; HOUSE'-BREAK'ER, one who breaks open and enters a house by day for the purpose of stealing; HOUSE'-BREAK'ING; HOUSE'-CARL, a member of a king or noble's bodyguard, in Danish and early English history; HOUSE'-D[=U]'TY, -TAX, a tax laid on inhabited houses; HOUSE'-FAC'TOR (_Scot._), a house-agent; HOUSE'-FA'THER, the male head of a household or community; HOUSE'-FLAG, the distinguishing flag of a shipowner or company of such; HOUSE'-FLY, the common fly universally distributed; HOUSE'HOLD, those who are held together in the same house, and compose a family.--_adj._ pertaining to the house and family.--_ns._ HOUSE'HOLDER, the holder or tenant of a house; HOUSE'KEEPER, a female servant who keeps or has the chief care of the house: one who stays much at home; HOUSE'KEEPING, the keeping or management of a house or of domestic affairs: hospitality.--_adj._ domestic.--_n._ HOUSE'-LEEK, a plant with red star-like flowers and succulent leaves that grows on the roofs of houses.--_adj._ HOUSE'LESS, without a house or home: having no shelter.--_ns._ HOUSE'-LINE (_naut._), a small line of three strands, for seizings, &c.; HOUSE'MAID, a maid employed to keep a house clean, &c.; HOUSE'-MATE, one sharing a house with another; HOUSE'-MOTH'ER, the mother of a family, the female head of a family; HOUSE'-ROOM, room or place in a house; HOUSE'-STEW'ARD, a steward who manages the household affairs of a great family; HOUSE'-SUR'GEON, the surgeon or medical officer in a hospital who resides in the house--so also HOUSE'-PHYSI'CIAN; HOUSE'-WARM'ING, an entertainment given when a family enters a new house, as if to warm it; HOUSEWIFE (hows'w[=i]f, huz'wif, or huz'if), the mistress of a house: a female domestic manager: a small case for articles of female work.--_adj._ HOUSE'WIFELY.--_n._ HOUSE'WIFERY--(_Scot._) HOUSE'WIFESKEP.--HOUSE OF CALL, a house where the journeymen of a particular trade call when out of work; HOUSE OF CORRECTION, a jail; HOUSE OF GOD, PRAYER, or WORSHIP, a place of worship; HOUSE OF ILL FAME, a bawdy-house.--A HOUSEHOLD WORD, a familiar saying; BRING DOWN THE HOUSE, to evoke very loud applause in a place of entertainment; CRY FROM THE HOUSE-TOP, to announce in the most public manner possible; HOUSEHOLD GODS, one's favourite domestic things--a playful use of the Roman _penates_ (q.v.); HOUSEHOLD SUFFRAGE, or FRANCHISE, the right of householders to vote for members of parliament; HOUSEHOLD TROOPS, six regiments whose peculiar duty is to attend the sovereign and defend the metropolis; HOUSEMAID'S KNEE, an inflammation of the sac between the knee-pan and the skin, to which housemaids are specially liable through kneeling on damp floors.--INNER HOUSE, the higher branch of the Scotch Court of Session, its jurisdiction chiefly appellate; OUTER HOUSE, the lower branch of the Court of Session.--KEEP A GOOD HOUSE, to keep up a plentifully supplied table; KEEP HOUSE, to maintain or manage an establishment; KEEP OPEN HOUSE, to give entertainments to all comers; KEEP THE HOUSE, to be confined to the house; LIKE A HOUSE AFIRE, with astonishing rapidity; THE HOUSEHOLD, the royal domestic establishment. [A.S. _h['u]s_; Goth. _hus_, Ger. _haus_.]

HOUSEL, howz'el, _n._ the Eucharist: the act of taking the same.--_n._ HOUS'ELING-CLOTH, a linen cloth held or stretched beneath the communicants.--_adj._ HOUS'LING (_Spens._), sacramental. [A.S. _h['u]sel_, sacrifice.]

HOUSING, howz'ing, _n._ an ornamental covering for a horse: a saddle-cloth: (_pl._) the trappings of a horse. [O. Fr. _housse_, a mantle, of Teut. origin.]

HOUSTY, hows'ti, _n._ (_prov._) a sore throat.

HOUT-TOUT, hoot-toot, _interj._ Same as HOOT.

HOUYHNHNM, whin'im, _n._ one of the noble rational horse race in _Gulliver's Travels_. [From _whinny_.]

HOVA, h[=o]'va, _n._ one of the dominant race in Madagascar:--_pl._ H[=O]'VAS.

HOVE, h[=o]v, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to heave, to raise.

HOVE, h[=o]v, _v.i._ (_Spens._) to hover, to loiter.

HOVE, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _heave_.

HOVEL, hov'el, _n._ a small or mean dwelling: a shed.--_v.t._ to put in a hovel: to shelter: to construct a chimney so as to prevent smoking, by making two of the more exposed walls higher than the others, or making an opening on one side near the top:--_pr.p._ hov'elling; _pa.p._ hov'elled.--_n._ HOV'ELLER, a boatman acting as a non-certificated pilot or doing any kind of occasional work on the coast: a small coasting-vessel. [Dim. of A.S. _hof_, a dwelling.]

HOVER, hov'[.e]r, _v.i._ to remain aloft flapping the wings: to wait in suspense: to move about near.--_adv._ HOV'ERINGLY, in a hovering manner. [Formed from A.S. _hof_, house.]

HOW, how, _adv._ in what manner: to what extent: for what reason: by what means: from what cause: in what condition: (_N.T._) sometimes=that.--THE HOW AND THE WHY, the manner and the cause. [A.S. _h['u]_ is prob. a form of _hw['i]_, in what way, why, the instrumental case of _hw['a]_, who.]

HOW, Howe, how, _n._ (_Scot._) a hollow, glen, dell, or narrow plain. [Prob. related to _hole_.]

HOW, how, _n._ (_prov._) a low hill. [Akin to high, A.S. _he['a]h_.]

HOWBEIT, how-b[=e]'it, _conj._ be it how it may: notwithstanding: yet: however--(_Spens._) HOW'BE.

HOWDAH, HOUDAH, how'da, _n._ a seat fixed on an elephant's back. [Ar. _hawdaj_.]

HOWDIE, HOWDY, how'di, _n._ (_Scot._) a midwife. [Webster ingeniously at least suggests a derivation in 'How d'ye?' the midwife's first question.]

HOWDY, how'di, _interj._ a colloquial form of the common greeting, 'How do you [do]?'--_n._ HOW'DY-DO, a troublesome state of matters.

HOWEVER, how-ev'[.e]r, _adv._ and _conj._ in whatever manner or degree: nevertheless: at all events.

HOWFF, HOUFF, howf, _n._ (_Scot._) a haunt, resort.--_v.i._ to resort to a place. [A.S. _hof_, a house.]

HOWITZER, how'its-[.e]r, _n._ a short, light cannon, used for throwing shells. [Ger. _haubitze_, orig. _hauffnitz_--Bohem. _haufnice_, a sling.]

HOWK, howk, _v.t._ and _v.i._ (_Scot._) to dig, burrow.

HOWKER, how'k[.e]r, _n._ Same as HOOKER.

HOWL, howl, _v.i._ to yell or cry, as a wolf or dog: to utter a long, loud, whining sound: to wail: to roar.--_v.t._ to utter with outcry:--_pr.p._ howl'ing; _pa.p._ howled.--_n._ a loud, prolonged cry of distress: a mournful cry.--_n._ HOWL'ER, a South American monkey, with prodigious power of voice: (_slang_) a glaring or very stupid error.--_adj._ HOWL'ING, filled with howlings, as of the wind, or of wild beasts: (_slang_) tremendous.--_n._ a howl. [O. Fr. _huller_--L. _ulul[=a]re_, to shriek or howl--_ulula_, an owl; cf. Ger. _heulen_, Eng. _owl_.]

HOWLET, how'let. Same as OWLET.

HOWSO, how'so, _adv._ howsoever.

HOWSOEVER, how-so-ev'[.e]r, _adv._ in what way soever: although: however.--Provincial forms are HOWSOMEV'ER and HOWSOMDEV'ER.

HOX, hoks, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to hough or hamstring.

HOY, hoi, _n._ a large one-decked boat, commonly rigged as a sloop. [Dut. _heu_, Flem. _hui_.]

HOY, hoi, _interj._ ho! stop!--_v.t._ to incite, drive on. [Imit.]

HOYDEN, HOIDEN, hoi'den, _n._ a tomboy, a romp. [Old Dut. _heyden_, a heathen, a gipsy, _heyde_, heath.]

HUB, hub, _n._ the projecting nave of a wheel; a projection on a wheel for the insertion of a pin: the hilt of a weapon: a mark at which quoits, &c., are cast.--HUB (i.e. centre) OF THE UNIVERSE, Boston, U.S. [A form of _hob_.]

HUBBLE, hub'l, _n._ (_Scot._) an uproar: a heap, as of work: (_U.S._) a lump.--_adj._ HUB'BLY.

HUBBLE-BUBBLE, hub'l-bub'l, _n._ an East Indian tobacco-pipe, in which the smoke is drawn through water with a bubbling sound. [Reduplic. from _bubble_.]

HUBBUB, hub'ub, _n._ a confused sound of many voices: riot: uproar. [Prob. a repetition of _hoop_, _whoop_.]

HUBBY, hub'bi, _n._ (_coll._) a diminutive of husband.

HUCKABACK, huk'a-bak, _n._ a coarse variety of linen for towels, &c., having raised figures on it. [Skeat suggests as the original meaning 'pedlar's ware,' Low Ger. _hukkebak_; cf. _hawker_.]

HUCKLE, huk'l, _n._ a hunch: the hip--also HUCK.--_adjs._ HUCK'LE-BACKED, -SHOUL'DERED, having the back or shoulders round.--_n._ HUCK'LE-BONE, the hip-bone, or ankle-bone. [Dim. of _huck_, a prov. form of _hook_.]

HUCKLEBERRY, huk'l-ber'ri, _n._ a North American shrub (_Gaylussacia_) with blue berries. [Prob. a corr. of _hurtleberry_.]