Part 27

GET, get, _v.t._ to obtain: to seize: to procure or cause to be: to beget offspring: to learn: to persuade: (_B._) to betake, to carry.--_v.i._ to arrive or put one's self in any place, state, or condition: to become:--_pr.p._ get'ting; _pa.t._ got; _pa.p._ got, (_obs._) got'ten.--_ns._ GET'TER, one who gets or obtains: one who begets; GET'TING, a gaining: anything gained: procreation; GET'-UP, equipment: general appearance.--GET AHEAD, ALONG, to make progress, advance; GET AT, to reach, attain; GET OFF, to escape; GET ON, to proceed, advance; GET OUT, to produce: to go away; GET OVER, to surmount; GET ROUND, to circumvent: to persuade, talk over; GET THROUGH, to finish; GET UP, to arise, to ascend: to arrange, prepare. [A.S. _gitan_, to get.]

GEUM, j[=e]'um, _n._ a genus of perennial herbs, of order _Rosaceae_, contains the avens or herb-bennet, &c. [L.]

GEWGAW, g[=u]'gaw, _n._ a toy: a bauble.--_adj._ showy without value. [Acc. to Skeat, a reduplicated form of A.S. _gifan_, to give; preserved also in Northern Eng., as _giff-gaff_, interchange of intercourse.]

GEY (_Scot._). See GAY.

GEYSER, g[=i]s[.e]r, _n._ a hot spring, as in Iceland, which spouts water into the air. [Ice., _geysa_, to gush.]

GHAST, gast, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to strike aghast: to affright.--_adj._ GHAST'FUL (_Spens._), dreary, dismal.--_adv._ GHAST'FULLY, frightfully.--_ns._ GHAST'LINESS, GHAST'NESS (_Shak._).--_adj._ GHAST'LY, death-like: hideous. [A.S. _g['ae]stlic_, terrible. See AGHAST.]

GHAT, GHAUT, gawt, _n._ in India, a mountain-pass: a chain of mountains: landing-stairs for bathers on the sides of a river or tank. [Hind. _gh[=a]t_.]

GHAZAL, gaz'al, _n._ a form of Persian verse in which the first two lines rhyme, and for this rhyme a new one must be found in the second line of each succeeding couplet: a piece of music in which a simple theme is constantly recurring.--Also GAZ'EL, GHAZ'EL. [Pers. _arghazel_, a love-poem.]

GHAZEL. Same as GAZELLE.

GHAZI, g[:a]'z[=e], _n._ a veteran Mohammedan soldier, one who has fought for the faith. [Ar., 'a warrior.']

GHEBER, GHEBRE, g[=e]'b[.e]r, _n._ Same as GUEBRE.

GHEE, g[=e], _n._ an Indian clarified butter, generally prepared from buffaloes' milk. [Hind. _gh[=i]_.]

GHERKIN, g[.e]r'kin, _n._ a small cucumber used for pickling. [Dut. _agurkje_, a gherkin; a word of Eastern origin, as in Pers. _khiy['a]r_, a cucumber, Byzantine _angourion_, a water-melon.]

GHETTO, get'[=o], _n._ the Jews' quarter in Italian cities, to which they used to be strictly confined. [It.]

GHIBELLINE, gib'e-lin, _n._ one of a party in Italy in the Middle Ages which supported the imperial authority, as opposed to the Guelfs. [See GUELF.]

GHOST, g[=o]st, _n._ the soul of man: a spirit appearing after death: (_Shak._) a dead body: (_slang_) one who writes a statesman's speeches for him, &c.--_v.i._ to appear to.--_adj._ GHOST'-LIKE.--_n._ GHOST'LINESS.--_adj._ GHOST'LY, spiritual, religious: pertaining to apparitions.--_ns._ GHOST'-MOTH, a species of moth very common in Britain, its caterpillar destructive to hop-gardens; GHOST'-ST[=O]'RY, a story in which ghosts figure; GHOST'-WORD, a fictitious word that has originated in the blunder of a scribe or printer--common in dictionaries.--GIVE UP THE GHOST (_B._), to die.--HOLY GHOST, the Holy Spirit, the third person in the Trinity. [A.S. _g['a]st_; Ger._ geist_.]

GHOUL, g[=oo]l, _n._ an Eastern demon which devours the dead.--_adj._ GHOUL'ISH. [Pers.]

GHYLL, an unnecessary variant of gill, a ravine.

GIAMBEAUX, zham'b[=o], _n.pl._ (_Spens._) armour for the legs. [Fr.,--_jambe_, leg.]

GIANT, j[=i]'ant, _n._ an individual whose stature and bulk exceed those of his species or race generally: a person of extraordinary powers:--_fem._ G[=i]'antess.--_adj._ gigantic.--_ns._ G[=I]'ANTISM, G[=i]'antship, the quality or character of a giant.--_adj._ G[=I]'ANTLY, giant-like.--_n._ G[=I]'ANT-POW'DER, a kind of dynamite.--_adj._ G[=I]'ANT-RUDE (_Shak._), enormously rude or uncivil.--_n._ G[=I]'ANTRY, giants collectively. [O. Fr. _geant_ (Fr. _g['e]ant_)--L.,--Gr. _gigas_, _gigantos_.]

GIAOUR, jowr, _n._ infidel, a term applied by the Turks to all who are not of their own religion. [Turk. _jawr_--Ar. _k['a]fir_, an infidel.]

GIB, jib, _n._ the projecting arm of a crane: a wedge-shaped piece of metal holding another in place, &c.--_v.t._ to fasten with such.

GIB, jib, _n._ a cat--Also GIB'-CAT (_Shak._). [A corr. of _Gilbert_, as '_Tom-cat_,' hardly for _glib_=_lib_.]

GIBBE, jib, _n._ (_Shak._) an old worn-out animal.

GIBBERISH, gib'[.e]r-ish, _n._ rapid, gabbling talk: unmeaning words.--_adj._ unmeaning.--_v.i._ GIBB'ER, to speak senselessly or inarticulately.--_n._ GIBB'LE-GABBLE, gabble. [See GABBLE.]

GIBBET, jib'et, _n._ a gallows on which criminals were suspended after execution: the projecting beam of a crane.--_v.t._ to expose on a gibbet. [O. Fr. _gibet_, a stick; origin unknown.]

GIBBON, gib'un, _n._ a genus of tailless anthropoid apes, with very long arms, natives of the East Indies.

GIBBOUS, gib'us, _adj._ hump-backed: swelling, convex, as the moon when nearly full--also GIBB'OSE.--_ns._ GIBBOS'ITY, GIBB'OUSNESS.--_adv._ GIBB'OUSLY. [L. _gibbosus_=_gibberosus_--_gibber_, a hump.]

GIBE, JIBE, j[=i]b, _v.t._ to sneer at: to taunt.--_n._ a taunt: contempt.--_n._ GIB'ER, one who gibes.--_adv._ GIB'INGLY. [Ice. _geipa_, to talk nonsense.]

GIBEL, gib'el, _n._ the Prussian carp, without barbules.

GIBEONITE, gib'[=e]-on-[=i]t, _n._ a slave's slave--from Josh., ix.

GIBLETS, jib'lets, _n.pl._ the internal eatable parts of fowl, taken out before cooking it.--_adj._ GIB'LET, made of giblets. [O. Fr. _gibelet_; origin unknown; not a dim. of _gibier_, game.]

GIBUS, zh[=e]'bus, _n._ a crush-hat, opera-hat. [Fr.]

GID, gid, _n._ staggers in sheep.--Also STUR'DY (q.v.).

GIDDY, gid'i, _adj._ unsteady, dizzy: that causes giddiness: whirling: inconstant: thoughtless.--_adv._ GIDD'ILY.--_n._ GIDD'INESS.--_adjs._ GIDD'Y-HEAD'ED, thoughtless, wanting reflection; GIDD'Y-PACED (_Shak._), moving irregularly. [From A.S. _giddian_, to sing, be merry, _gid_, a song.]

GIE, g[=e], _v._ a Scotch form of _give_.

GIER-EAGLE, j[=e]r'-[=e]'gl, _n._ (_B._) a species of eagle. [See GYRFALCON.]

GIF, gif, _conj._ an obsolete form of _if_.

GIFT, gift, _n._ a thing given: a bribe: a quality bestowed by nature: the act of giving.--_v.t._ to endow with any power or faculty.--_adj._ GIFT'ED, endowed by nature: intellectual.--_ns._ GIFT'-HORSE, a horse given as a gift; GIFT'LING, a little gift.--LOOK A GIFT HORSE IN THE MOUTH, to criticise a gift. [_Give._]

GIG, gig, _n._ a light, two-wheeled carriage: a long, light boat: (_U.S._) sport, fun.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ GIG'GIT (_U.S._), to convey or move rapidly.--_ns._ GIG'MAN, one who drives or keeps a gig--a favourite term of Carlyle's for a narrow philistinism based on the possession of a little more money than others, whence GIG'MANESS, GIGMAN'ITY, GIG'M[=A]NIA. [M. E. _gigge_, a whirling thing (cf. WHIRLIGIG); prob. related to Ice. _geiga_, to turn in a wrong direction. Cf. JIG.]

GIGANTIC, j[=i]-gan'tik, _adj._ suitable to a giant: enormous--also GIGANT[=E]'AN.--_adj._ GIGANTESQUE', befitting a giant.--_adv._ GIGAN'TICALLY.--_ns._ GIGAN'TICIDE, the act of killing a giant; GIGANTOL'OGY, description of giants; GIGANTOM'ACHY, a war of giants. [L. _gigas_, _gigantis_, a giant, _caed[)e]re_, to kill.]

GIGGLE, gig'l, _v.i._ to laugh with short catches of the breath, or in a silly manner.--_n._ a laugh of this kind.--_ns._ GIGG'LER; GIGG'LING. [M. E. _gagelen_, to cackle; cf. Ice. _gagl_, a goose.]

GIGLET, gig'let, _n._ a giddy girl: a wanton--also GIG'LOT.--_adj._ (_Shak._) inconstant. [Prob. Ice. _gikkr_, a pert person; perh. related to _gig_. See JIG.]

GIGOT, jig'ut, _n._ a leg of mutton. [Fr.,--O. Fr. _gigue_, a leg: a fiddle; a word of unknown origin.]

GILA MONSTER. See MONSTER.

GILD, gild, _v.t._ to cover or overlay with gold: to cover with any gold-like substance: to gloss over: to adorn with lustre:--_pr.p._ gild'ing; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ gild'ed or gilt.--_ns._ GILD'ER, one who coats articles with gold; GILD'ING, act or trade of a gilder: gold laid on any surface for ornament.--GILDED CHAMBER, the House of Lords; GILD THE PILL, to do something to make a disagreeable thing seem less so. [A.S. _gyldan_--gold. See GOLD.]

GILL, gil, _n._ one of the breathing organs in fishes and certain other aquatic animals: the flap below the bill of a fowl. [Cf. Dan. _giaelle_, a gill; Ice. _gj[:o]lnar_ (pl.), gills; Sw. _g[:a]l_.]

GILL, jil, _n._ a measure=1/4 pint.--_n._ GILL'-HOUSE, a dram-shop. [O. Fr. _gelle_; cf. Low L. _gillo_, a flask; allied to Fr. _jale_, a large bowl, Eng. _gallon_.]

GILL, jil, _n._ a girl, because of the commonness of the name _Gillian_, cf. 'Jack and Jill:' ground-ivy: beer flavoured with ground-ivy.--_n._ GILL'-FLIRT, a wanton girl. [From _Gillian_ or _Juliana_ (from _Julius_), a female name, contracted _Gill_, _Jill_.]

GILL, gil, _n._ a small ravine, a wooded glen.--Also GHYLL. [Ice.]

GILLIE, GILLY, gil'i, _n._ a youth, a man-servant, esp. to one hunting. [Gael. _gille_, a lad, Ir. _giolla_.]

GILLYFLOWER, jil'i-flow-[.e]r, _n._ popular English name for stock, wallflower, &c., from its clove-like smell. [O. Fr. _girofl['e]e_--Gr. _karyophyllon_, the clove-tree--_karyon_, a nut, _phyllon_, a leaf.]

GILPY, GILPEY, gil'pi, _n._ (_Scot._) a boisterous boy or girl.

GILRAVAGE, gil-rav'[=a]j, _n._ (_Scot._) a noisy frolic, disorder.--_v.i._ to plunder, spoil.

GILT, gilt, _pa.t._ and _pa.p_ of _gild_.--_n._ that which is used for gilding.--_adjs._ GILD'ED; GILT'-EDGED, having the edges gilt: of the highest quality, as 'gilt-edged securities'=those stocks whose interest is considered perfectly safe.--_n._ GILT'-HEAD, a popular name for several fishes, esp. a sparoid fish with a half-moon-shaped gold spot between the eyes.

GILT, gilt, _n._ (_Shak._) money.

GIMBAL, gim'bal, _n._ a contrivance for suspending the mariner's compass, so as to keep it always horizontal. [Through Fr. from L. _gemelli_, twins.]

GIMBLET. Same as GIMLET.

GIMCRACK, jim'krak, _n._ a toy: a gewgaw: a trivial mechanism--also JIM'CRACK.--_n._ GIM'CRACKERY. [Prov. _gim_ or _jim_, neat, and _crack_, a lively boy.]

GIMLET, gim'let, _n._ a small tool for boring holes by turning it with the hand.--_v.t._ to pierce with a gimlet: (_naut._) to turn round (an anchor) as if turning a gimlet.--_adj._ GIM'LET-EYED, very sharp-sighted. [O. Fr. _gimbelet_, from Teut.; cf. Eng. _wimble_.]

GIMMAL, gim'al, _n._ a gimbal: (_Shak._) anything consisting of parts moving within each other or interlocked--a quaint piece of mechanism--also GIMM'ER.--_adj._ (_Shak._) made or consisting of double rings.

GIMMER, gim'[.e]r, _n._ a two-year-old ewe. [Ice. _gymbr_; cf. Sw. _gimmer_, Dan. _gimmer_.]

GIMP, gimp, _n._ a kind of trimming, &c., of silk, woollen, or cotton twist.--_v.t._ to make or furnish with gimp. [Fr. _guimpe_, from Old High Ger. _wimpal_, a light robe; Eng. _wimple_.]

GIN, jin, _n._ Same as _Geneva_, of which it is a contraction.--_ns._ GIN'-FIZZ, a drink of gin, lemon-juice, effervescing water, &c.; GIN-PAL'ACE, GIN'-SHOP, a shop where gin is sold; GIN'-SLING, a cold beverage of gin and water, sweetened and flavoured.

GIN, jin, _n._ the name of a variety of machines, esp. one with pulleys for raising weights, &c.: a pump worked by rotary sails: (_B._) a trap or snare.--_v.t._ to trap or snare: to clear cotton of its seeds by a machine:--_pr.p._ gin'ning; _pa.p._ ginned.--_ns._ GIN'-HORSE, a mill-horse; GIN'-HOUSE, a place where cotton is ginned. [Contr. from _engine_.]

GIN, jin, _n._ an Australian native woman.

GIN, gin, _v.i._ to begin.--_n._ GIN'NING, beginning.

GIN, gin, a prov. form of _against_.

GIN, gin, a Scotch form of _gif_=_if_.

GINETE, ch[=e]-n[=a]'t[=a], _n._ a trooper, horse-soldier. [Sp.]

GING, ging, _n._ a gang or company. [A.S. _genge_, a troop, _gangan_, to go. See GANG.]

GINGELLY-OIL, jin-jel'i-oil, _n._ the oil of Indian sesame.

GINGER, jin'j[.e]r, _n._ the root of a plant in the East and West Indies, with a hot and spicy taste, useful as a condiment or stomachic.--_ns._ GINGERADE', an aerated drink flavoured with ginger; GIN'GERBEER, an effervescent drink flavoured with ginger; GIN'GERBREAD, sweet bread flavoured with ginger; GIN'GER-COR'DIAL, a cordial made of ginger, lemon-peel, raisins, water, and sometimes spirits; GIN'GERNUT, a small cake flavoured with ginger and sweetened with molasses.--_adj._ GIN'GEROUS, like ginger.--_ns._ GIN'GERPOP, weak gingerbeer; GIN'GERSNAP, a thin brittle cake spiced with ginger; GIN'GER-WINE, a liquor made by the fermentation of sugar and water, and flavoured with various spices, chiefly ginger.--GINGERBREAD WARE, or WORK, cheap and tawdry ornamental work.--TAKE THE GILT OFF THE GINGERBREAD, to destroy the illusion. [M. E. _gingivere_--O. Fr. _gengibre_--L. _zingiber_--Gr. _zingiberis_--Sans. _cringa-vera_--_cringa_, horn, _vera_, shape.]

GINGERLY, jin'j[.e]r-li, _adv._ with soft steps: cautiously. [From a Scand. root, seen in Sw. _gingla_, to totter.]

GINGHAM, ging'ham, _n._ a kind of cotton cloth, woven from coloured yarns into stripes or checks, manufactured chiefly for dresses. [Fr. _guingan_, acc. to Littr['e], a corr. of _Guingamp_, in Brittany.]

GINGING, gin'jing, _n._ (_prov._) the lining of a shaft.

GINGIVAL, jin-j[=i]'val, _adj._ pertaining to the gums.--_n._ GINGIV[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the gums. [L. _gingivae_.]

GINGKO, ging'k[=o], _n._ a Chinese tree, allied to the yew, with edible fruit--the Maiden-hair-tree. [Jap. _gingk[=o]_--Chin. _yin-hing_--_yin_, silver, _hing_, apricot.]

GINGLE, jing'l. Same as JINGLE.

GINGLYMUS, jing'gli-mus (or ging'-), _n._ a joint that permits flexion and extension in a single plane, as at the elbow and ankle:--_pl._ GING'LYM[=I]. [Gr.]

GINNET, jin'net, _n._ obsolete form of _jennet_.

GINNING. See GIN (2).

GINNY-CARRIAGE, jin'i-kar'[=a]j, _n._ a small strong carriage used for conveying materials on a railway.

GINSENG, jin'seng, _n._ a plant of genus _Aralia_, and its root, a Chinese panacea for exhaustion of body or mind. [Chin. _jin-tsan_.]

GIP, jip, _n._ Same as GYP.

GIPSY, GYPSEY, GYPSY, jip'si, _n._ one of a wandering race, originally from India, now scattered over Europe: one with a dark complexion: a sly, roguish woman.--_adj._ unconventional, outdoor.--_ns._ GIP'SYDOM; GIP'SYISM.--GIPSY HAT, a hat for women, with large flaps at the sides; GIPSY TABLE, a form of light fancy table; GIPSY WAGON, a wagon or van like a dwelling on wheels, used by gipsies and travelling photographers. [_Egyptian_, because once supposed to come from Egypt.]

GIRAFFE, ji-raf', _n._ the camelopard, an African quadruped with remarkably long neck and legs. [Fr.,--Sp. _girafa_--Ar. _zar[=a]f_.]

GIRANDOLE, jir'an-d[=o]l, _n._ a branched chandelier, generally projecting from a wall, and used as a stand for candles or lamps, or for flowers: a rotating firework. [Fr.,--It. _girandola_--_girare_--L. _gyr[=a]re_, to turn round--_gyrus_--Gr. _gyros_, a circle.]

GIRASOL, jir'a-sol, _n._ a bluish-white translucent opal with reddish reflections. [It.,--_girare_, and _sole_--L. _sol_, the sun.]

GIRD, g[.e]rd, _v.i._ to gibe, jeer (with _at_).--_v.t._ (_obs._) to taunt.--_n._ (_obs._) a sneer. [A.S. _gyrd_, _gierd_, rod.]

GIRD, g[.e]rd, _v.t._ to bind round: to make fast by binding: to surround: to clothe, furnish:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ gird'ed or girt.--_n._ GIRD'ER, one of the principal pieces of timber in a floor binding the others together: in engineering, any simple or compound beam of wood, iron, or steel used to support joisting, walls, arches, &c., in various kinds of bridges.--GIRD ONE'S SELF, to tuck up loose garments under the girdle: to brace the mind for any trial or effort. [A.S. _gyrdan_; cf. Ger. _g[:u]rten_, _garden_, Eng. _yard_.]

GIRDING, g[.e]rd'ing, _n._ (_B._) a covering.

GIRDLE, g[.e]rd'l, _n._ that which encircles, esp. a band or belt for the waist: an enclosure, compass, limit: in jewellery, a horizontal line surrounding a stone.--_v.t._ to bind, as with a girdle: to enclose: to make a circular incision, as through the bark of a tree to kill it.--_n._ GIRD'LE-BELT, a belt for girding the waist.--_p.adj._ GIRD'LED (_Shak._), surrounded with, or as with, a girdle.--_n._ GIRD'LER, one who girdles: a maker of girdles. [A.S. _gyrdel_--_gyrdan_, to gird.]

GIRDLE, g[.e]rd'l, _n._ a Scotch form of _griddle_.

GIRKIN, g[.e]r'kin, _n._ Same as GHERKIN.

GIRL, g[.e]rl, _n._ a female child: a young unmarried woman: a maid-servant.--_n._ GIRL'HOOD, the state or time of being a girl.--_adj._ GIRL'ISH, of or like a girl.--_adv._ GIRL'ISHLY--_n._ GIRL'ISHNESS. [Prob. from Old Low Ger. _g[:o]r_, a child, with dim. suffix _-l_.]

GIRLOND, obsolete form of _garland_.

GIRN, g[.e]rn, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to grin, snarl. [_Grin._]

GIRNEL, g[.e]r'nel, _n._ (_Scot._) a granary, meal-chest. [Variant of _garner_.]

GIRONDIST, ji-rond'ist, _n._ a member of the moderate republican party during the French Revolution, so called because its earliest leaders, Vergniaud, Guadet, &c., were sent up to the Legislative Assembly (Oct. 1791) by the _Gironde_ department.--Also GIRON'DIN.

GIRR, gir, _n._ (_Scot._) a hoop.

GIRT, g[.e]rt, _v.t._ to gird.--_pa.p._ of a ship moored so taut by her cables to two oppositely placed anchors as to be prevented from swinging to the wind or tide.

GIRTH, g[.e]rth, _n._ belly-band of a saddle: measure round the waist.--Also GIRT.

GIST, jist, _n._ the main point or pith of a matter. [From an old French proverb, 'I know where the hare _lies_'--_i.e._ I know the main point--O. Fr. _gist_ (Fr. _g[^i]t_)--O. Fr. _gesir_ (Fr. _g['e]sir_), to lie--L. _jac[=e]re_.]

GITTERN, git'ern, _n._ a kind of guitar, a cithern.--_v.i._ to play on the gittern. [Most prob. Old Dut. _ghiterne_--L. _cithara_--Gr. _kithara_. See GUITAR.]

GIUST, j[=oo]st, _n._ (_Spens._). Same as JOUST.

GIUSTO, j[=u]s't[=o], _adj._ (_mus._) suitable, regular. [It.,--L. _justus_, just.]

GIVE, giv, _v.t._ to bestow: to impart: to yield: to grant: to permit: to afford: to furnish: to pay or render, as thanks: to pronounce, as a decision: to show, as a result: to apply, as one's self: to allow or admit.--_v.i._ to yield to pressure: to begin to melt: to grow soft: to open, or give an opening or view, to lead (with _upon_, _on_, _into_):--_pr.p._ giv'ing; _pa.t._ g[=a]ve; _pa.p._ given (giv'n).--_p.adj._ GIV'EN, bestowed: specified: addicted, disposed to: admitted, supposed.--_ns._ GIV'ER, one who gives or bestows; GIV'ING, the act of bestowing: (_Shak._) an alleging of what is not real.--GIVE AND TAKE, to give and get fairly, fair measure on both sides; GIVE BIRTH TO, to bring forth: to originate; GIVE CHASE, to pursue; GIVE EAR, to listen; GIVE FORTH, to emit, to publish; GIVE GROUND, place, to give way, to yield; GIVE IN TO, to yield assent or obedience to; GIVE IT TO ONE (_coll._), to scold or beat anybody severely; GIVE LINE, HEAD, REIN, &c., to give more liberty or scope--the metaphor from angling and driving; GIVE ONE'S SELF AWAY, to betray one's secret by a slip of the tongue, &c.; GIVE OUT, to report, to emit; GIVE OVER, to cease; GIVE THE LIE TO, to charge openly with falsehood; GIVE TONGUE, to bark; GIVE UP, to abandon; GIVE WAY, to fall back, to yield, to withdraw: to begin rowing--usually as a command to a crew. [A.S. _giefan_; Goth. _giban_, Ger. _geben_.]

GIVES, j[=i]vz, _n._ Same as GYVES.

GIZZ, giz, _n._ (_Scot._) the face.

GIZZARD, giz'ard, _n._ the muscular stomach of a bird. [M. E. _giser_--O. Fr. _gezier_--L. _gigerium_, only in pl. _gigeria_, cooked entrails of poultry.]

GIZZEN, giz'n, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to shrink from dryness so as to leak: to wither.--_adj._ leaky.

GLABROUS, gl[=a]'brus, _adj._ smooth: having no hairs or any unevenness.--_adj._ GL[=A]'BR[=A]TE, smooth, glabrous. [L. _glaber_, smooth.]

GLAC['E], gla-s[=a]', _adj._ iced: glossy, lustrous, esp. of a thin silk material. [Fr.]

GLACIAL, gl[=a]'shi-al, _adj._ icy: frozen: pertaining to ice or its

## action, esp. to glaciers.--_ns._ GL[=A]'CIALIST, one who attributes the

phenomena of the drift in geology to the action of glaciers; GL[=A]CI[=A]'TION, the act of freezing: ice: the process of becoming covered with glaciers. [Fr.,--L. _glacialis_--_glacies_, ice.]

GLACIER, gl[=a]'sh[=e]r, or glas'i-[.e]r, _n._ a field or, more properly, a slowly moving river of ice, such as is found in the hollows and on the slopes of lofty mountains. [Fr.,--_glace_, ice--L. _glacies_, ice.]

GLACIS, gl[=a]'sis, or gla-s[=e]', _n._ a gentle slope: (_fort._) a smooth sloping bank. [Fr.,--O. Fr. _glacer_, to freeze--_glace_, ice.]

GLAD, glad, _adj._ pleased: cheerful: bright: giving pleasure.--_v.t._ to make glad:--_pr.p._ glad'ding; _pa.p._ glad'ded.--_v.t._ GLAD'DEN, to make glad: to cheer: to animate.--_adj._ GLAD'FUL (_Spens._).--_n._ GLAD'FULNESS.--_adv._ GLAD'LY.--_n._ GLAD'NESS.--_adj._ GLAD'SOME, glad: joyous: gay.--_adv._ GLAD'SOMELY.--_n._ GLAD'SOMENESS. [A.S. _glaed_; Ger. _glatt_, smooth, Ice. _gladhr_, bright, Dan. _glad_.]

GLADE, gl[=a]d, _n._ an open space in a wood.--_adj._ GL[=A]'DY, having glades. [Scand.; Ice. _gladhr_, bright, Norw. _glette_, a clear spot among clouds.]

GLADIATOR, glad'i-[=a]-tor, _n._ in ancient Rome, a professional combatant with men or beasts in the arena.--_adjs._ GLAD'I[=A]TE, sword-shaped; GLADIAT[=O]'RIAL, GLADI[=A]'TORY, GLADIAT[=O]'RIAN.--_ns._ GLAD'IATORSHIP; GL[=A]'DIUS, the cuttle-bone or pen of a cuttle-fish. [L., a swordsman--_gladius_, a sword.]

GLADIOLE, glad'i-[=o]l, GLADIOLUS, gla-d[=i]'o-lus, glad-i-[=o]'lus, _n._ the plant sword-lily:--_pl._ GLAD[=I]'OL[=I]. [L. _gladiolus_, dim. of _gladius_.]

GLADSTONE, glad'ston, _n._ a four-wheeled two-seated carriage with driver's seat and dickey: a kind of light travelling-bag, opening wide. [From the great statesman, W. E. _Gladstone_ (1809-98).]

GLAGOLITIC, glag-o-lit'ik, _adj._ of or pertaining to _Glagol_, an ancient Slavonic alphabet, apparently derived from the cursive Greek of the 9th century, only used in the liturgical books of the Dalmatian Slavs. [Old Bulgarian _glagolu_, a word.]

GLAIKIT, gl[=a]k'it, _adj._ (_Scot._) giddy, foolish.--_ns._ GLAIK, a deception, a quick glance; GLAIK'ITNESS, levity.--FLING THE GLAIKS IN FOLK'S EEN (_Scot._), to throw dust in people's eyes. [See GLEEK.]

GLAIR, gl[=a]r, _n._ the clear part of an egg used as varnish: any viscous, transparent substance: mud.--_v.t._ to varnish with white of eggs.--_adjs._ GLAIR'Y, GLAIR'EOUS, GL[=A]R'EOUS. [Fr. _glaire_--Low L. _clara ovi_, white of egg--L. _clarus_, clear.]

GLAIVE, gl[=a]v, _n._ a weapon like a halberd, fixed on a long shaft, its edge on the outer curve.--Also GLAVE. [O. Fr. _glaive_--L. _gladius_, a sword.]

GLAMOUR, glam'[.e]r, _n._ the supposed influence of a charm on the eyes, making them see things as fairer than they are: fascination: enchantment. [Merely a corruption of _gramarye_ or _grammar_, meaning grammar, then magic.]

GLANCE, glans, _n._ a sudden shoot of light: a darting of the eye: a momentary view: a term applied to minerals exhibiting a pseudo-metallic lustre.--_v.i._ to dart a ray of light or splendour: to snatch a momentary view: to fly off obliquely: to make a passing allusion.--_v.t._ to dart suddenly or obliquely: to hint.--_n._ GLANCE'-COAL, any hard coal, like anthracite, so called from its metallic lustre.--_adv._ GLANC'INGLY. [From a Teut. root seen in Sw. _glans_, Dut. _glans_, Ger. _glanz_, lustre, and allied to Eng. _glint_.]

GLAND, gland, _n._ a secreting structure, which in various ways alters the material brought to it by the blood, extracting and excreting waste products as in the kidneys, or manufacturing valuable by-products, such as the glycogen and bile of the liver: (_bot._) a small cellular spot which secretes oil or aroma.--_adjs._ GLANDIF'EROUS, bearing acorns or nuts; GLAND'IFORM, resembling a gland: nut-shaped; GLAND'[=U]LAR, GLAND'[=U]LOUS, containing, consisting of, or pertaining to glands.--_n._ GLAND'[=U]LE, a small gland.--_adj._ GLAND[=U]LIF'EROUS. [F. _glande_--L. _glans_, _glandis_, an acorn.]

GLANDERS, gland'[.e]rz, _n._ a malignant, contagious, and fatal disease of the horse or ass, showing itself esp. on the mucous membrane of the nose, upon the lungs, and on the lymphatic system.--_adj._ GLAND'ERED, affected with glanders.

GLARE, gl[=a]r, _n._ a clear, dazzling light: overpowering lustre: a piercing look.--_v.i._ to shine with a clear, dazzling light: to be ostentatiously splendid: to look with piercing eyes.--_adj._ GLAR'ING, bright and dazzling: barefaced: notorious.--_adv._ GLAR'INGLY.--_n._ GLAR'INGNESS. [Perh. from A.S. _glaer_, a pellucid substance, amber.]

GLAREOUS. See GLAIR.

GLASS, glas, _n._ a combination of silica with some alkali or alkaline earth, such as lime, &c., used for window panes, mirrors, lenses, &c.: anything made of glass, esp. a drinking-vessel, a mirror, &c.: the quantity of liquid a glass holds: any fused substance like glass, with a vitreous fracture: (_pl._) spectacles.--_adj._ made of glass.--_v.t._ to case in glass.--_ns._ GLASS'-BLOW'ER, one who blows and fashions glass; GLASS'-BLOW'ING, the process of making glass, by taking a mass of glass reduced by heat to a viscid state, and inflating it; GLASS'-COACH, a coach for hire having glazed windows; GLASS'-CRAB, the larval form of rock lobsters, &c., but formerly regarded as adults, and made into a genus or even family; GLASS'-CUT'TER; GLASS'-CUT'TING, the act or process of cutting, shaping, and ornamenting the surface of glass.--_adj._ GLASS'-FACED (_Shak._), reflecting the sentiments of another, as in a mirror.--_n._ GLASS'FUL, the contents of a glass.--_adj._ GLASS'-GAZ'ING (_Shak._), addicted to viewing one's self in a mirror.--_ns._ GLASS'-GRIND'ING, the ornamenting of glass by rubbing with sand, emery, &c.; GLASS'-HOUSE, a glass manufactory: a house made of glass.--_adv._ GLASS'ILY.--_n._ GLASS'INESS.--_adj._ GLASS'-LIKE.--_ns._ GLASS'-PAINT'ING, the art of producing pictures on glass by means of staining it chemically; GLASS'-P[=A]'PER, paper coated with finely pounded glass, and used like sand-paper; GLASS'-SOAP, an oxide of manganese and other substances used by glass-blowers to remove colouring from glass; GLASS'WARE, articles made of glass; GLASS'-WORK, articles made of glass; GLASS'WORT, a plant so called from its yielding soda, used in making glass.--_adjs._ GLASS'Y, made of or like glass; GLASS'Y-HEAD'ED (_Tenn._), having a bald, shining head.--_ns._ CUT'-GLASS, flint-glass shaped or ornamented by cutting or grinding on a wheel; GROUND'-GLASS, any glass that has been depolished by a sand-blast, grinding, or etching with acids, so as to destroy its transparency; PLATE'-GLASS, glass cast in large thick plates.--LIVE IN A GLASS HOUSE=to be open to attack or retort.--MUSICAL GLASSES (see HARMONICA).--WATER, or SOLUBLE, GLASS, the soluble silicate of soda or of potash formed when silica is fused with an excess of alkali, used for hardening artificial stone, as a cement, and for rendering calico, &c., uninflammable. [A.S. _glaes_; Dut., Ger., and Sw. _glas_; cog. with _glow_, _gleam_, _glance_, _glare_.]