Part 38

HEDEOMA, h[=e]-d[=e]-[=o]'ma, _n._ a genus of herbaceous aromatic plants, the best-known species being the American Pennyroyal. [Gr. _h[=e]dys_, sweet.]

HEDERA, hed'er-a, _n._ a genus of climbing plants, best represented by the common ivy.--_adjs._ HEDER[=A]'CEOUS; HED'ERAL; HED'ERATED; HEDER'IC; HEDERIF'EROUS. [L.]

HEDGE, hej, _n._ a thicket of bushes: a fence round a field, &c.: any means of protection.--_v.t._ to enclose with a hedge: to obstruct: to surround: to guard: to protect one's self from loss by betting on both sides.--_v.i._ to shuffle: to be shifty: to skulk.--_ns._ HEDGE'BILL, HEDG'ING-BILL, a bill or hatchet for dressing hedges.--_adj._ HEDGE'-BORN, of low birth, as if born under a hedge or in the woods: low: obscure.--_ns._ HEDGE'BOTE, an old word for the right of a tenant to cut wood on the farm or land for repairing the hedges or fences; HEDGE'-CREEP'ER, a sneaking rogue; HEDGE'HOG, a small prickly-backed quadruped, so called from living in hedges and bushes, and its resemblance to a hog or pig; HEDGE'HOG-PLANT, a species of medick, having the pods spirally twisted and rolled up into a ball beset with spines; HEDGE'HOG-THIS'TLE, hedgehog-cactus; HEDGE'-HYSS'OP, a European perennial plant of the figwort family, with emetic and purgative qualities; HEDGE'-KNIFE, an instrument for trimming hedges; HEDGE'-MAR'RIAGE, a clandestine marriage; HEDGE'-MUS'TARD, a genus of plants of order _Cruciferae_, annual or rarely perennial, with small yellow or white flowers; HEDGE'-NOTE, a valueless literary attempt; HEDGE'-PAR'SON, a mean parson, generally illiterate; HEDGE'PIG (_Shak._), a young hedgehog; HEDGE'-PRIEST, an ignorant itinerant priest; HEDG'ER, one who dresses hedges; HEDGE'ROW, a row of trees or shrubs for hedging fields; HEDGE'-SCHOOL, an open-air school kept by the side of a hedge in Ireland; HEDGE'-SHREW, the field-mouse; HEDGE'-SPARR'OW, HEDGE'-WAR'BLER, a little singing bird, like a sparrow, which frequents hedges; HEDGE'-WRIT'ER, a Grub-street author; HEDG'ING, the work of a hedger.--_adj._ HEDG'Y. [A.S. _hecg_, _hegg_; Dut. _hegge_, Ger. _hecke_.]

HEDONISM, h[=e]d'[=o]-nizm, _n._ in ethics, the doctrine that happiness is the highest good.--_adjs._ HEDON'IC, HEDONIST'IC.--_n.pl._ HEDON'ICS, the doctrine of pleasure.--_n._ H[=E]'DONIST, one who advocates hedonism. [Gr. _h[=e]don[=e]_, pleasure.]

HEDYPHANE, hed'i-f[=a]n, _n._ a colourless mimetite, containing calcium: a variety of green lead ore. [Gr. _h[=e]dys_, sweet, _-phan[=e]s_, appearing.]

HEED, h[=e]d, _v.t._ to observe: to look after: to attend to.--_n._ notice: caution: attention.--_adj._ HEED'FUL, attentive, cautious.--_adv._ HEED'FULLY.--_ns._ HEED'FULNESS; HEED'INESS (_Spens._).--_adj._ HEED'LESS, inattentive: careless.--_n._ HEED'LESSHOOD (_Spens._).--_adv._ HEED'LESSLY.--_n._ HEED'LESSNESS.--_adj._ HEED'Y (_Spens._), heedful, careful. [A.S. _h['e]dan_; Dut. _hoeden_, Ger. _h[:u]ten_.]

HEEHAW, h[=e]'h[:a], _v.i._ to bray, like an ass. [_Imit._]

HEEL, h[=e]l, _n._ the part of the foot projecting behind: the whole foot (esp. of beasts): the covering of the heel, as on a boot: a spur: the hinder part of anything.--_v.t._ to use the heel: to furnish with heels: to arm with a steel spur, as a fighting cock: to seize by the heels: (_U.S._) to supply with money.--_v.i._ to follow well (of a dog).--_n._ HEEL'-BALL, a black waxy composition for blacking the heels and soles of boots, for taking impressions of coins, &c., by rubbing: a shoemaker's last.--_p.adj._ HEELED, provided with a heel, shod: (_U.S._) comfortably supplied with money.--_n._ HEEL'ER (_U.S._), an unscrupulous hanger-on of a political party; HEEL'PIECE, a piece or cover for the heel; HEEL'-TAP, a small quantity of beer or spirits left in the glass after drinking.--HEEL AND TOE, with proper walking, as opposed to running; HEELS O'ER GOWDY (_Scot._), heels over head; HEELS OVER HEAD, upside down.--AT, ON, UPON, A PERSON'S HEELS, close behind; DOWN AT HEEL, having the heels of one's shoes trodden down: slovenly: in poor circumstances; KICK ONE'S HEELS, to be kept waiting for some time; LAY, SET, CLAP, BY THE HEELS, to fetter: to put in confinement; OUT AT HEELS, having the stockings or shoes worn out at the heels; SHOW A CLEAN PAIR OF HEELS, TAKE TO ONE'S HEELS, to run off with haste: to flee; TRIP UP (ONE'S) HEELS, to trip up or overthrow him; TURN ON (UPON) ONE'S HEEL, to turn sharply round, to turn back or away. [A.S. _h['e]la_; Dut. _hiel_.]

HEEL, h[=e]l, _v.i._ to incline: to lean on one side, as a ship.--_v.t._ to tilt. [Earlier _heeld_, A.S. _hieldan_, to slope; cf. Dut. _hellen_.]

HEEZE, h[=e]z, _v.t._ (_Scot._) a form of hoise.--_n._ a lift.

HEFT, heft, _n._ heaving: (_Shak._) retching: (_U.S._) weight: the bulk of.--_v.t._ to try the weight of.--_adj._ HEFT'Y, rather heavy: easy to lift. [_Heave_.]

HEFT (_Spens._), obsolete form of _heaved_.

HEFT, heft, _v.t._ to accustom to a thing or place: (_Scot._) to attach. [Cf. Ice. _hefdha_, Sw. _h[:a]fda_, Dan. _haevde_.]

HEFT, heft, _n._ a notebook, a number of sheets sewed together. [_Ger._]

HEGELIANISM, h[=e]-g[=e]'li-an-izm, _n._ the philosophical principles of Wilhelm Friedrich _Hegel_ (1770-1831).--_adj._ H[=e]g[=e]'lian, of or pertaining to Hegel.--_n._ a follower of Hegel.

HEGEMONY, h[=e]'jem-o-ni, _n._ leadership: control, esp. of one state over others.--_adjs._ HEGEMON'IC, -AL.--_ns._ HEG[=U]'MEN, HEG[=U]'MENOS, the head of a monastery:--_fem._ HEG[=U]'MENE, HEG[=U]'MENESS. [Gr. _h[=e]gemonia_--_h[=e]gem[=o]n_, leader--_h[=e]geisthai_, to go before.]

HEGIRA, HEJIRA, hej'i-ra, _n._ the flight of Mohammed from Mecca, 15th July 622 A.D., from which is dated the Mohammedan era: any flight. [Ar. _hijrah_, flight, _hajara_, to leave.]

HEIFER, hef'[.e]r, _n._ a young cow. [A.S. _h['e]ahfore_, _h['e]ahfru_, _-fre_; prob. 'high-goer,' _faran_, to go.]

HEIGH, h[=i], _interj._ a cry of encouragement or exultation--also HEY, HA.--_interj._ HEIGH'-HO, an exclamation expressive of weariness. [Imit.]

HEIGHT, h[=i]t, _n._ the condition of being high: distance upwards: that which is elevated: a hill: elevation in rank or excellence: utmost degree.--_v.t._ HEIGHT'EN, to make higher, to advance or improve: to make brighter or more prominent. [Corr. of _highth_--A.S. _h['i]ehtho_, _h['e]ahthu_--_h['e]ah_, high.]

HEINOUS, h[=a]'nus, _adj._ wicked in a high degree, enormous: atrocious.--_adv._ HEI'NOUSLY.--_n._ HEI'NOUSNESS. [O. Fr. _hainos_ (Fr. _haineux_)--_hair_, to hate.]

HEIR, [=a]r, _n._ one who inherits anything after the death of the owner: one entitled to anything after the present possessor: a child, offspring:--_fem._ HEIRESS ([=a]r'es).--_v.t._ HEIR, to inherit.--_ns._ HEIR'-APP[=A]'RENT, the one by law acknowledged to be heir; HEIR'-AT-LAW, an heir by legal right; HEIR'DOM, HEIR'SHIP.--_adj._ HEIR'LESS, without an heir.--_ns._ HEIR'LOOM, any piece of furniture or personal property which descends to the heir-at-law by special custom; HEIR'-PRESUMP'TIVE, one who will be heir if no nearer relative should be born.--HEIR BY CUSTOM, one whose right as heir is determined by customary modes of descent, as gavelkind, &c. [O. Fr. _heir_--L. _h[=e]res_, an heir.]

HEJIRA. See HEGIRA.

HEL, hel, _n._ in Northern mythology, the goddess of the dead, the sister of the wolf Fenrir, and daughter of the evil-hearted Loki.

HELCOID, hel'koid, _adj._ ulcerous.--_ns._ HELCOL'OGY, the branch of pathology concerned with ulcers; HEL'COPLASTY, the operation of grafting on an ulcer a piece of healthy skin; HELC[=O]'SIS, ulceration.--_adj._ HELCOT'IC. [Gr. _helkos_, an ulcer.]

HELD, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of _hold_.

HELE, h[=e]l, _v.t._ (_Spens._) to hide, conceal. [A.S. _helian_, _helan_, to hide; Ger. _hehlen_.]

HELIAC, h[=e]'li-ak, HELIACAL, he-l[=i]'ak-al, _adj._ (_astron._) emerging from the light of the sun or passing into it.--_adv._ HEL[=I]'ACALLY. [Gr. _h[=e]liakos_--_h[=e]lios_, the sun.]

HELIANTHUS, h[=e]-li-an'thus, _n._ a genus of order _Compositae_, including the common sunflower. [Gr. _h[=e]lios_, the sun, _anthos_, a flower.]

HELICAL, HELICIDAE, HELICOGRAPH, HELICOID. See HELIX.

HELICONIAN, hel-i-k[=o]'ni-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Helicon_, a mountain-range in Boeotia, in ancient Greece, the favourite seat of the Muses.

HELIOCENTRIC, -AL, h[=e]-li-o-sen'trik, -al, _adj._ (_astron._) referred to the sun as centre.--_adv._ HELIOCEN'TRICALLY. [Gr. _h[=e]lios_, the sun, _kentron_, the centre.]

HELIOCHROMY, h[=e]'li-ok-r[=o]-mi, _n._ the art of producing photographs in the natural colours.--_ns._ H[=E]'LIOCHROME, HELIOCHR[=O]'MOTYPE, a photograph in the natural colours.--_adj._ HELIOCHR[=O]'MIC.

HELIOGRAPH, h[=e]'li-o-graf, _n._ an apparatus for signalling by means of the sun's rays: an engraving obtained by a process in which a specially prepared plate is acted on chemically by exposure to light: an apparatus for taking photographs of the sun.--_v.t._ to signal to by means of the sun's rays.--_n._ HELIOG'RAPHER.--_adjs_. HELIOGRAPH'IC, -AL.--_adv._ HELIOGRAPH'ICALLY.--_ns._ HELIOG'RAPHY, a method of communicating swiftly between distant points by means of the sun's rays reflected from mirrors: photography; HELIOGR[=A]'VURE (or h[=a]-li-[=o]-gra-v[:u]r'), photo-engraving, or a print obtained by this process. [Gr. _h[=e]lios_, the sun, _graph[=e]_, a painting--_graphein_, to write.]

HELIOLATRY, h[=e]-li-ol'a-tri, _n._ worship of the sun.--_n._ HELIOL'ATER, a worshipper of the sun.--_adj._ HELIOL'ATROUS. [Gr. _h[=e]lios_, the sun, _latreia_, worship.]

HELIOLOGY, h[=e]-li-ol'[=o]-ji, _n._ the science of the sun.

HELIOMETER, h[=e]-li-om'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument by which the diameters of the heavenly bodies can be measured with great accuracy.--_adjs._ HELIOMET'RIC, -AL. [Gr. _h[=e]lios_, sun, _metron_, a measure.]

HELIOPHILOUS, h[=e]-li-of'i-lus, _adj._ fond of the sun--opp. to HELIOPH[=O]'BIC, fearing or shunning sunlight.

HELIOSCOPE, h[=e]'li-o-sk[=o]p, _n._ a telescope for viewing the sun without injury to the eyes, by means of blackened glass or mirrors that reflect only a part of the light.--_adj._ HELIOSCOP'IC. [Fr. _h['e]lioscope_--Gr. _h[=e]lios_, the sun, _skopein_, to look, to spy.]

HELIOSTAT, h[=e]'li-o-stat, _n._ an instrument by means of which a beam of sunlight is reflected in an invariable direction. [Gr. _h[=e]lios_, sun, _statos_, fixed--_histanai_, to stand.]

HELIOTROPE, h[=e]'li-o-tr[=o]p, _n._ a genus of plants of the natural order _Boraginaceae_, many species with fragrant flowers, esp. the _Peruvian heliotrope_, with small lilac-blue flowers and a fragrance resembling vanilla or cherry-pie: (_min._) a bloodstone, a variety of chalcedony of a dark-green colour variegated with red: a mirror placed at a distant station and adjusted by clockwork, so that at a particular hour of the day (arranged beforehand) the light of the sun shall be reflected from the mirror directly to the surveyor's station.--_adjs._ HELIOTROP'IC, -AL.--_adv._ HELIOTROP'ICALLY.--_ns._ HELIOT'ROPISM, HELIOT'ROPY, the tendency that the stem and leaves of a seedling plant have to bend towards, and the roots from, the light when placed in a transparent vessel of water within reach of the light of a window. [Fr.,--L.,--Gr. _h[=e]liotropion_--_h[=e]lios_, the sun, _tropos_, a turn.]

HELIOTYPY, h[=e]'li-[=o]-t[=i]-pi, _n._ a photo-mechanical process in which the gelatine relief is itself used to print from in some form of printing-press, instead of being covered with tinfoil as in the stannotype process.--_n._ H[=E]'LIOTYPE, a photograph.--_v.t._ to produce a heliotype picture of.--_v.i._ to practise heliotypy.--_adj._ HELIOTYP'IC. [Gr. _h[=e]lios_, sun, _typos_, impression.]

HELIOZOA, h[=e]'li-[=o]-z[=o]'a, _n._ a class of Protozoa of the Rhizopod type, with protruding processes of living matter. [Gr. _h[=e]lios_, the sun, _z[=o]on_, an animal.]

HELIUM, h[=e]'li-um, _n._ a substance discovered by Lockyer in the sun's atmosphere, found by Ramsay in the rare Norwegian mineral cleveite.

HELIX, h[=e]'liks, _n._ a spiral, as of wire in a coil: (_zool._) a genus of molluscs including the land-snails: the external part of the ear: a small volute or twist in the capital of a Corinthian column:--_pl._ HELICES (hel'i-s[=e]z).--_adj._ HEL'ICAL, spiral.--_adv._ HEL'ICALLY.--_n.pl._ HELIC'IDAE, a large family of terrestrial, air-breathing gasteropods, of which snails are familiar examples.--_n._ HEL'ICOGRAPH, a drawing instrument for describing a spiral line.--_adjs._ HEL'ICOID, -AL, like a helix, screw-shaped; HELISPHER'IC, -AL, spiral. [L.,--Gr. _helix_, _helissein_, to turn round.]

HELL, hel, _n._ the place or state of punishment of the wicked after death: the place of the dead indefinitely: the abode of evil spirits: the powers of hell: any place of vice or misery: a gambling-house.--_adjs._ HELL'-BLACK (_Shak._), black as hell; HELL'-BORN, born in hell: of hellish origin; HELL'-BRED.--_ns._ HELL'-BROTH (_Shak._), a composition boiled up for malignant purposes; HELL'-CAT, a malignant hag; HELL'-FIRE, the fire of hell: punishment in hell; HELL'-GATE, the entrance into hell.--_adj._ HELL'-HAT'ED (_Shak._), hated or abhorred as hell.--_n._ HELL'HOUND, a hound of hell: an agent of hell.--_adj._ HELL'ISH, pertaining to or like hell: very wicked.--_adv._ HELL'ISHLY.--_ns._ HELL'ISHNESS; HELL'-KITE (_Shak._), a kite of infernal breed.--_adv._ HELL'WARD, towards hell. [A.S. _hel_; Ice. _hel_, Ger. _h[:o]lle_.]

HELL, hel, _v.t._ (_Spens._) to hide.

HE'LL, contraction for _he will_.

HELLEBORE, hel'e-b[=o]r, _n._ a plant of the genus Helleborus (_Ranunculaceae_), whose root possesses drastic purgative properties, anciently used as a cure for insanity--varieties are the _Black Hellebore_ or _Christmas Rose_, the _Stinking_ and the _Green Hellebore_; similar plants of other genera are the _Winter Hellebore_ and the _American False_ or _White Hellebore_, known also as _Indian Poke_ or _Itch Weed_. [Fr. _hell['e]bore_--L. _helleborus_--Gr. _helleboros_.]

HELLENIC, hel-len'ik, or hel-l[=e]'nik, HELLENIAN, hel-l[=e]'ni-an, _adj._ pertaining to the Hellenes or Greeks: Grecian, in art, esp. of the period from the primitive epoch to the Roman supremacy in Greece (beginning 146 B.C.), sometimes only from the time of Alexander the Great (c. 330 B.C.)--the term _Hellenistic_ applying to later times.--_n._ HELL'[=E]NE, an ancient Greek: a subject of the modern kingdom of Greece or Hellas:--_pl._ HELL[=E]'NES, the name of the modern Greeks for themselves.--_v.i._ HELL'ENISE, to conform, or show a tendency to conform, to Greek usages.--_ns._ HELL'ENISM, a Greek idiom: the spirit of the Greek race; HELL'ENIST, one skilled in the Greek language: a Jew who used the Greek language and adopted Greek usages, in opposition to the Hebrews properly so called, whether of Palestine or of the Dispersion, and to the Hellenes or Greeks proper--they are called _Grecians_ in the Authorised, _Grecian Jews_ in the Revised Version.--_adjs._ HELLENIST'IC, -AL, pertaining to the Hellenists: pertaining to Greek with foreign, esp. Aramaic and Hebrew, idioms--a popular dialect which grew up at Alexandria and perpetuated itself in the Septuagint, and to a less marked degree in the New Testament.--_adv._ HELLENIST'ICALLY. [Gr. _Hell[=e]nios_, _Hel[=e]nikos_--_Hell[=e]nes_, a name ultimately given to all the Greeks--_Hell[=e]n_, the son of Deucalion, the Greek Noah.]

HELLICAT, hel'i-kat, _adj._ giddy-headed: flighty.--_n._ (_Scot._) a wicked creature.

HELM, helm, _n._ the instrument by which a ship is steered: the station of management or government.--_v.t._ to direct.--_n._ HELM'AGE, guidance.--_adj._ HELM'LESS, of a ship, without a helm.--_n._ HELMS'MAN, the one who steers. [A.S. _helma_; Ice. _hj['a]lm_, a rudder, Gr. _helm_, a handle.]

HELM, helm, HELMET, hel'met, _n._ a covering of armour for the head: (_bot._) the hooded upper lip of certain flowers.--_adjs._ HELMED, HEL'METED, furnished with a helmet.--_n._ HEL'MET-SHELL, a genus of gasteropods having thick heavy shells with bold ridges: a cameo-shell. [A.S. _helm_--_helan_, to cover; Ger. _helm_.]

HELMINTH, hel'minth, _n._ a worm.--_n._ HELMINTH'AGOGUE, a remedy against worms.--_adj._ HELMIN'THIC, pertaining to worms: (_med._) expelling worms.--_n._ a medicine for expelling worms.--_n._ HELMIN'THITE, a long sinuous mark common on the surfaces of sandstone, and supposed to be the tracks of worms.--_adjs._ HELMIN'THOID, worm-shaped; HELMINTHOLOG'IC, -AL.--_ns._ HELMINTHOL'OGIST; HELMINTHOL'OGY, that branch of natural history which treats of worms, or more particularly of the parasitic forms.--_adj._ HELMINTH'OUS. [Gr. _helmins_, -_inthos_, a worm.]

HELOT, h[=e]'lot, or hel'ot, _n._ one of a class of slaves among the ancient Spartans.--_ns._ H[=E]'LOTAGE, the state of a Helot; H[=E]'LOTISM, the condition of the Helots in ancient Sparta: slavery; H[=E]'LOTRY, the whole body of the Helots: any class of slaves. [Gr.; said to be derived from _Helos_, a town in Greece, reduced to slavery by the Spartans.]

HELP, help, _v.t._ to support: to assist: to mitigate: to give means for doing anything: to provide or supply with: to remedy: to prevent, to keep from.--_v.i._ to give assistance: to contribute:--_pa.p._ helped, (_B._) h[=o]lp'en.--_n._ means or strength given to another for a purpose: assistance: relief: one who assists: (_Amer._) a hired servant, esp. a domestic.--_n._ HELP'ER, one who helps: an assistant.--_adj._ HELP'FUL, giving help: useful.--_n._ HELP'FULNESS.--_adj._ HELP'LESS, without help or power in one's self: wanting assistance.--_adv._ HELP'LESSLY.--_ns._ HELP'LESSNESS; HELP'MATE, an assistant: a partner: a wife--also written HELP'MEET, from Gen. ii. 18.--HELP FORWARD, to assist in making progress; HELP OFF, to aid in disposing or getting rid of; HELP ON, to forward, to lift up; HELP OUT, to aid in finishing a task, eking out a supply, &c.; HELP OVER, to enable to surmount; HELP TO, to aid in obtaining for some one; HELP UP, to raise.--GOD HELP HIM, a phrase implying extreme pity or commiseration.--SO HELP ME GOD, a very strong asseveration, implying the willingness of the speaker to let his chance of salvation depend upon his truthfulness. [A.S. _helpan_, pa.t. _healp_, pa.p. _holpen_; Ice. _hj['a]lpa_, Ger. _helfen_, to aid.]

HELTER-SKELTER, hel'ter-skel'ter, _adv._ in a confused hurry: tumultuously.--_n._ a confused medley: disorderly motion.--_adj._ confused.--_n._ HEL'TER-SKEL'TERINESS. [Imit.]

HELVE, helv, _n._ the handle of an axe or hatchet: the handle of a forehammer.--_v.t._ to furnish with a handle, as an axe.--_n._ HELVE'-HAMM'ER, a trip-hammer. [A.S. _hielfe_, _helfe_, a handle.]

HELVETIC, hel-vet'ik, _adj._ pertaining to Switzerland--also HELV[=E]'TIAN.--HELVETIC CONFESSIONS, two confessions of faith drawn up by the Swiss theologians in 1536 and 1566, in substance Protestant, Evangelical, moderately Calvinistic, and Zwinglian. [L.,--_Helvetia_, Latin name of Switzerland.]

HEM, hem, _n._ the border of a garment doubled down and sewed.--_v.t._ to form a hem on: to edge:--_pr.p._ hem'ming; _pa.p._ hemmed.--_n._ HEM'-STITCH, the ornamental finishing of the inner side of a hem, made by pulling out several threads adjoining it and drawing together in groups the cross-threads by successive stitches.--_v.t._ to embroider with such.--HEM IN, to surround. [A.S. _hemm_, a border; Ger. _hamm_, a fence.]

HEM, hem, _n._ and _interj._ a sort of half-cough to draw attention.--_v.i._ to utter the sound _hem!_--_pr.p._ hem'ming; _pa.p._ hemmed. [Imit.]

HEM, hem, (_Spens._) them.

HEMERALOPIA, hem'e-ra-l[=o]'pi-a, _n._ day-blindness, a defect of vision except in artificial or dim light; also applied to night-blindness. [Gr. _h[=e]mera_, a day, _alaos_, blind, _[=o]ps_, the eye.]

HEMIANOPSIA, hem'i-an-op'si-a, _n._ complete or partial blindness as to half the field of vision--also HEMIAN[=O]P'IA, HEMI[=O]'PIA, HEMIOP'SIA, HEM'OPSY.--_adjs._ HEMIANOP'TIC, HEMIOP'IC. [Gr. _h[=e]mi_-, half, _an_-, neg., _opsis_, sight.]

HEMICRANIA, hem-i-kr[=a]'ni-a, _n._ headache confined to one side of the head.--_adj._ HEMICRAN'IC.

HEMICYCLE, hem'i-s[=i]-kl, _n._ a semicircle, a room with seats so arranged. [Fr.,--Gr.]

HEMIHEDRISM, hem-i-h[=e]'drizm, _n._ a property of crystals of being HEMIH[=E]'DRAL, or having half the number of symmetrically arranged planes occurring on a holohedron.--_n._ HEMIH[=E]'DRON. [Gr. _h[=e]mi-_, half, _hedra_, a seat.]

HEMIOLIC, hem-i-ol'ik, _adj._ constituting the proportion of 1-1/2 to 1, or of 3 to 2. [Gr. _h[=e]mi-_, half, _holos_, whole.]

HEMIONUS, h[=e]-m[=i]'o-nus, HEMIONE, hem'i-[=o]n, _n._ the half-ass, or dziggetai. [Gr. _h[=e]mi-_, half, _onos_, an ass.]

HEMIPLEGIA, hem-i-pl[=e]'ji-a, _n._ paralysis of one side of the face or body--also HEM'IPLEGY.--_adj._ HEMIPLEG'IC. [Gr. _h[=e]mi-_, half, _pl[=e]g[=e]_, a blow.]

HEMIPTERA, hem-ip't[.e]r-a, _n._ an order of _Insecta_, in the classification of Linnaeus: in later systems, the same as _Rhyncota_, including aphides, coccus insects, cicadas, bugs, water-scorpions, lice (_Ametabola_).--_n._ HEMIP'TER.--_adjs._ HEMIP'TERAL, HEMIP'TERAN, HEMIP'TEROUS. [Gr. _h[=e]mi-_, half, _pteron_, a wing.]

HEMISPHERE, hem'i-sf[=e]r, _n._ a half-sphere: half of the globe or a map of it.--_adjs._ HEMISPHER'IC, -AL.--_n._ HEMISPH[=E]'ROID, the half of a spheroid.--_adj._ HEMISPHEROI'DAL.--EASTERN and WESTERN HEMISPHERES, the eastern and western halves of the terrestrial globe, the former including Europe, Asia, and Africa; the latter, the Americas. [Gr. _h[=e]misphairion_--_h[=e]mi-_, half, _sphaira_, a sphere.]

HEMISTICH, hem'i-stik, _n._ one of the two parts of a line of poetry as divided by the cesura: half a line, an incomplete or unfinished line: an epodic line or refrain.--_adj._ HEM'ISTICHAL. [L. _hemistichium_--Gr. _h[=e]mistichion_--_h[=e]mi-_, half, _stichos_, a line.]

HEMITROPE, hem'i-tr[=o]p, _n._ a form in which one part of a crystal is in reverse position with reference to the other part, a twin-crystal.--_adjs._ HEM'ITROPE, HEMIT'ROPAL, HEMITROP'IC, HEMIT'ROPOUS.

HEMLOCK, hem'lok, _n._ a genus of umbelliferous plants, the most common species being the poisonous spotted hemlock, used in medicine. [A.S. _hemlic_, the second syllable a weakened form of _le['a]c_, a plant. Cf. CHARLOCK, GARLIC.]

HEMP, hemp, _n._ a plant with a fibrous bark used for cordage, coarse cloth, &c.: the fibrous rind prepared for spinning.--_adj._ HEMP'EN, made of hemp.--_ns._ HEMP'-NETT'LE, a coarse bristly annual weed of the labiate family; HEMP'-PALM, a palm of China and Japan, the fibre of the leaves of which is much employed for making cordage--hats, cloaks, and other garments are also made from it; HEMP'-SEED, Mrs Quickly's word for homicide (_Shak._, _2 Henry IV._, II. i. 64).--_adj._ HEMP'Y, like hemp: roguish: romping.--_n._ (_Scot._) a rogue.--HEMPEN COLLAR, and CAUDLE (_Shak._), the hangman's noose; HEMPEN WIDOW, the widow of a man who has been hanged. [A.S. _henep_, _haenep_--L. _cannabis_--Gr. _kannabis_.]

HEN, hen, _n._ the female of any bird, esp. of the domestic fowl.--_ns._ HEN'BANE, a coarse annual or biennial herb of the nightshade family, poisonous, esp. to domestic fowls; HEN'COOP, a coop or large cage for domestic fowls; HEN'-DRIV'ER, HEN'-HARR'IER, a species of falcon, the common harrier.--_adj._ HEN'-HEART'ED, timid as a hen: cowardly.--_ns._ HEN'-HOUSE, a house, coop, or shelter for fowls; HEN'-HUSS'Y, a man who meddles with women's affairs; HEN'-MOULD, a black, spongy soil; HEN'NERY, a place where fowls are kept.--_adj._ HEN'NY, like a hen, feathered.--_v.t._ HEN'PECK, of a wife, to domineer over her husband.--_n._ the subjection of a husband to his wife.--_adj._ HEN'PECKED, weakly subject to his wife.--_ns._ HENPECK'ERY, the state of being henpecked; HEN'-ROOST, a place where poultry roost at night; HEN'WIFE, HEN'-WOM'AN, a woman who has the charge of poultry. [A.S. _henn_--_hana_, a cock; Ger. _hahn_, fem. _henne_.]

HENCE, hens, _adv._ from this place or time: in the future: from this cause or reason: from this origin.--_interj._ away! begone!--_advs._ HENCE'FORTH, HENCEFOR'WARD, from this time forth or forward. [M. E. _hennes_, _henne_--A.S. _heonan_, from the base of he; Ger. _hinnen_,_hin_, hence; so L. _hinc_, hence--_hic_, this.]

HENCHMAN, hensh'man, _n._ a servant: a page. [Not from _haunch-man_, but from A.S. _hengest_, a horse (Ger. _hengst_), and man.]

HEND, hend, _v.t._ (_Spens._) to seize, to grasp. [_Hand._]

HENDECAGON, hen-dek'a-gon, _n._ a plane figure of eleven angles and eleven sides.--_adj._ HENDECAG'ONAL. [Gr. _hendeka_, eleven, _g[=o]nia_, an angle.]

HENDECASYLLABLE, hen'dek-a-sil-a-bl, _n._ a metrical line of eleven syllables.--_adj._ HENDECASYLLAB'IC. [Gr. _hendeka_, eleven, _syllab[=e]_, a syllable.]

HENDIADYS, hen-d[=i]'a-dis, _n._ a rhetorical figure in which one and the same notion is presented in two expressions, as 'with might and main'=by main strength. [Gr. _hen dia dyoin_, lit. 'one by two.']

HENEQUEN, hen'[=e]-ken, _n._ a fibre known as sisal-hemp, used for ships' cables, obtained chiefly from _Agave Ixtli_ of Yucatan, also the plant itself.--Also HEN'EQUIN, HEN'IQUIN. [Sp. _jeniquen_.]

HENNA, hen'a, _n._ a small Oriental shrub of the loosestrife family, with fragrant white flowers: a pigment made from the shrub for dyeing the nails and hair. [Ar. _henna_.]

HENOTHEISM, hen'[=o]-th[=e]-izm, _n._ the ascribing of supreme power to some one of several gods in turn: the belief in a special supreme god over a particular people--a national or relative monotheism.--_adj._ HENOTHEIST'IC. [Gr. _heis_ (_hen-_), one, _theos_, god, and suff. _-ism_.]

HENOTIC, hen-ot'ik, _adj._ tending to unify or reconcile. [Gr. _hen[=o]tikos_--_heis_, one.]

HENRY, hen'ri, _n._ (_electr._) the practical unit of self-induction--from Joseph _Henry_, American physicist (1797-1878).

HENT, hent (_Spens._), _pa.t._ of _hend_.--_n._ hold.

HENT, hent, _v.t._ to clear, go beyond. [A.S. _hentan_, to seize.]

HEP, hep, _n._ See _Hip_, the fruit of the dog-rose.

HEP, hep, _interj._ a cry said to come down from the Crusaders' time, often the cry of the mob in an outrage on the Jews--more probably an abbreviation of _Hebrew_ than formed from the initials of _Hierosolyma est perdita_=Jerusalem is destroyed.

HEPAR, h[=e]'par, _n._ the name given by the older chemists to various compounds of sulphur, from their brown, liver-like colour.--_adj._ HEPAT'IC, belonging to the liver.--_ns.pl._ HEPAT'ICA, medicines which affect the liver and its appendages; HEPAT'ICAE, the liver-worts, a sub-class of bryophytic or moss-like plants.--_n._ HEPATIS[=A]'TION, consolidation of tissue, as of the lungs in pneumonia, resulting in a liver-like solidification.--_v.t._ HEP'ATISE, to convert into a substance resembling liver.--_ns._ HEP'AT[=I]TE, a variety of barium sulphate or barite, with a characteristic stink; HEPAT[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the liver; HEP'ATOCELE, hernia of the liver; HEPATOL'OGIST, a specialist in diseases of the liver; HEPATOL'OGY, the science of, or a treatise on, the liver; HEPATORRHOE'A, a morbid flow of bile; HEPATOS'COPY, divination by inspection of the livers of animals. [Gr. _h[=e]par_, _h[=e]p[)a]tos_, the liver.]

HEPTACHORD, hep'ta-kord, _n._ in Greek music, a diatonic series of seven tones, containing five whole steps and one half-step: an instrument with seven strings.

HEPTADE, hep'tad, _n._ the sum or number of seven: (_chem._) an atom, radical, or element having a combining power of seven. [Fr.,--Gr. _heptas_, _heptados_--_hepta_, seven.]

HEPTAGLOT, hep'ta-glot, _adj._ in seven languages.--_n._ a book in seven languages. [Gr. _heptagl[=o]ttos_--_hepta_, seven, _gl[=o]tta_, _gl[=o]ssa_, tongue.]

HEPTAGON, hep'ta-gon, _n._ a plane figure with seven angles and seven sides.--_adj._ HEPTAG'ONAL. [Gr. _heptag[=o]nos_, seven-cornered--_hepta_, seven, _g[=o]nia_, an angle.]

HEPTAGYNIA, hept-a-jin'i-a, _n._ an order of plants having seven styles.--_adj._ HEPTAG'YNOUS. [Gr. _hepta_, seven, _gyn[=e]_, a woman.]

HEPTAHEDRON, hep-ta-h[=e]'dron, _n._ a solid figure with seven faces or sides.--_adjs._ HEPTAH[=E]'DRAL, HEPTAHED'RICAL; HEPTAHEXAH[=E]'DRAL, having seven ranges of faces one above another, each range containing six faces. [Gr. _hepta_, seven, _hedr[=a]_, a seat, a base.]

HEPTAMERIDE, hep-tam'e-rid, _n._ anything consisting of seven parts.--_adj._ HEPTAM'EROUS (_bot._), consisting of seven members or parts.

HEPTAMERON, hep'tam-e-ron, _n._ a book containing the transactions of seven days, esp. the 72 stories supposed to be told in seven days, bearing the name of Queen Margaret of Navarre (1492-1549). [Gr. _hepta_, seven, _h[=e]mera_, a day.]