Part 44

HUCKSTER, huk'st[.e]r, _n._ a retailer of smallwares, a hawker or pedlar: a mean, trickish fellow:--_fem._ HUCK'STRESS.--_v.i._ to deal in small articles, to higgle meanly.--_n._ HUCK'STERAGE, business of a huckster. [With fem. suff. _-ster_, from Dut. _heuker_, a retailer, Old Dut. _hucken_, to stoop or bow; cf. Ice. _h['u]ka_, to sit on one's hams, and Eng. _hawker_.]

HUDDLE, hud'l, _v.i._ to put up things confusedly: to hurry in disorder: to crowd.--_v.t._ to throw or crowd together in confusion: to put on hastily.--_n._ a crowd: tumult: confusion. [M. E. _hodren_; prob. a freq. of M. E. _huden_, to hide.]

HUDDUP, hud-up', _interj._ get up! (to a horse).

HUDIBRASTIC, h[=u]-di-bras'tik, _adj._ similar in style to _Hudibras_, a metrical burlesque on the Puritans by Samuel Butler (1612-80): doggerel.

HUE, h[=u], _n._ appearance: colour: tint: dye.---_adjs._ HUED, having a hue; HUE'LESS. [A.S. _hiw_, _heow_; Sw. _hy_, complexion.]

HUE, h[=u], _n._ a shouting.--HUE AND CRY, a loud clamour about something: name of a police gazette, established in 1710. [Fr. _huer_, imit.]

HUFF, huf, _n._ sudden anger or arrogance: a fit of disappointment or anger: a boaster.--_v.t._ to swell: to bully: to remove a 'man' from the board for not capturing pieces open to him, as in draughts.--_v.i._ to swell: to bluster.--_adjs._ HUFF'ISH, HUFF'Y, given to huff: insolent: arrogant.--_adv._ HUFF'ISHLY.--_ns._ HUFF'ISHNESS, HUFF'INESS. [Imit., like _puff_; cf. Ger. _hauchen_, to breathe.]

HUG, hug, _v.t._ to embrace closely and fondly: to cherish: to congratulate (one's self): (_naut._) to keep close to.--_v.i._ to crowd together:--_pr.p._ hug'ging; _pa.p._ hugged.--_n._ a close and fond embrace: a particular grip in wrestling.--HUG ONE'S SELF, to congratulate one's self. [Scand., Ice. _h['u]ka_, to sit on one's hams. See HUCKSTER.]

HUGE, h[=u]j, _adj._ having great dimensions, especially height: enormous: monstrous: (_B._) large in number.--_adv._ HUGE'LY.--_n._ HUGE'NESS. [M. E. _huge_; formed by dropping _a_ from O. Fr. _ahuge_, of Teut. origin, cog. with Ger. _hoch_.]

HUGGER-MUGGER, hug'[.e]r-mug'[.e]r, _n._ secrecy: confusion. [Perh. a rhyming extension of _hug_.]

HUGUENOT, h[=u]'ge-not, or -n[=o], _n._ the name formerly given in France to an adherent of the Reformation. [Prob. a dim. of the personal name _Hugo_, _Hugon_, _Hugues_, Hugh, name of some French Calvinist, later a general nickname. Not the Swiss _eidguenot_, Ger. _eidgenossen_, confederates.]

HUIA-BIRD, hw[=e]'[:a]-b[.e]rd, _n._ a New Zealand starling.

HULK, hulk, _n._ the body of a ship: an old ship unfit for service: a big lubberly fellow: anything unwieldy--often confounded in meaning with _hull_, the body of a ship:--_pl._ THE HULKS, old ships formerly used as prisons.--_adjs._ HULK'ING, HULK'Y, clumsy. [Low L. _hulka_--Gr. _holkas_--_helkein_, to draw.]

HULL, hul, _n._ the husk or outer covering of anything.--_v.t._ to strip off the hull: to husk. [A.S. _hulu_, a husk, as of corn--_helan_, to cover; Ger. _h[:u]lle_, a covering, _hehlen_, to cover.]

HULL, hul, _n._ the frame or body of a ship.--_v.t._ to pierce the hull (as with a cannon-ball).--_v.i._ to float or drive on the water, as a mere hull. [Same word as above, perh. modified in meaning by confusion with Dut. _hol_, a ship's hold, or with _hulk_.]

HULLABALOO, hul'la-ba-loo', _n._ an uproar.

HULLO, hul-l[=o]', _v._, _n._, and _interj._ Same as HALLOO.

HULLY, hul'i, _adj._ having husks or pods.

HULSEAN, hul's[=e]-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to John _Hulse_ (1708-89), founder of the Hulsean divinity lectures at Cambridge.

HUM, hum, _v.i._ to make a buzzing sound like bees: to utter a low, droning sound: to supply an interval in speaking by an audible sound.--_v.t._ to sing in a low tone: to applaud anything by humming:--_pr.p._ hum'ming; _pa.p._ hummed.--_n._ the noise of bees and some other insects: any low, dull noise.--_interj._ a sound with a pause implying doubt.--_n._ HUM'MER, something that hums.--HUM AND HAW, to hesitate in giving a direct answer; HUMMING ALE, ale that froths up well, or that makes the head hum; MAKE THINGS HUM, to set things agoing briskly. [Imit.; cf. Ger. _hummen_, _humsen_.]

HUM, hum, _v.t._ to impose on.--_n._ an imposition. [Contr. of _humbug_.]

HUMAN, h[=u]'man, _adj._ belonging or pertaining to man or mankind: having the qualities of a man.--_n._ (_coll._) a human being.--_n._ H[=U]'MANKIND, the human species.--_adv._ H[=U]'MANLY. [Fr.,--L. _humanus_--_homo_, a human being.]

HUMANE, h[=u]-m[=a]n', _adj._ having the feelings proper to man: kind: tender: merciful.--_adv._ HUMANE'LY.--_n._ HUMANE'NESS, kindness: tenderness.

HUMANISE, h[=u]'man-[=i]z, _v.t._ to render human or humane: to soften.--_v.i._ to become humane or civilised.--_n._ HUMANIS[=A]'TION.

HUMANIST, h[=u]'man-ist, _n._ a student of polite literature: at the Renaissance, a student of Greek and Roman literature: a student of human nature.--_n._ H[=U]'MANISM, polite learning, literary culture: any system which puts human interests paramount.--_adj._ HUMANIST'IC.

HUMANITARIAN, h[=u]-man'i-t[=a]'ri-an, _n._ one who denies Christ's divinity, and holds Him to be a mere man: a philanthropist.--_adj._ of or belonging to humanity, benevolent.--_n._ HUMANIT[=A]'RIANISM.

HUMANITY, h[=u]-man'it-i, _n._ the nature peculiar to a human being: the kind feelings of man: benevolence: tenderness: mankind collectively:--_pl._ HUMAN'ITIES, in Scotland, grammar, rhetoric, Latin, Greek, and poetry, so called from their humanising effects.--PROFESSOR OF HUMANITY, in Scotch universities, the professor of Latin. [Fr.,--L. _humanitas_--_humanus_--_homo_, a man.]

HUMBLE, hum'bl, or um'bl, _adj._ low: meek: modest.--_v.t._ to bring down to the ground: to lower: to abase: to mortify: to degrade.--_adj._ HUM'BLE-MOUTHED, humble in speech.--_n._ HUM'BLENESS--(_Spens._) HUM'BLESS.--_adj._ HUM'BLING, making humble.--_n._ a humiliation.--_advs._ HUM'BLINGLY, in a humiliating manner; HUM'BLY. [Fr.,--L. _humilis_, low--_humus_, the ground.]

HUMBLE, hum'bl, _adj._ having no horns.

HUMBLE-BEE, hum'bl-b[=e], _n._ the humming-bee: a genus of social bees which construct their hives under ground. [_Humble_ is a freq. of _hum_.]

HUMBLE-PIE, hum'bl-p[=i], _n._ a pie made of the umbles or numbles (liver, heart, &c.) of a deer.--EAT HUMBLE-PIE, to humiliate one's self, eat one's own words.

HUMBUG, hum'bug, _n._ an imposition under fair pretences: hollowness, pretence: one who so imposes: a kind of candy.--_v.t._ to deceive: to hoax:--_pr.p._ hum'bugging; _pa.p._ hum'bugged.--_adj._ HUMBUG'ABLE, capable of being humbugged.--_ns._ HUM'BUGGER, one who humbugs; HUM'BUGGERY, the practice of humbugging. [Orig. 'a false alarm,' 'a bugbear,' from _hum_ and _bug_, a frightful object.]

HUMBUZZ, the same as the Bull-roarer (q.v.).

HUMDRUM, hum'drum, _adj._ dull: droning: monotonous: commonplace.--_n._ a stupid fellow: monotony, tedious talk. [_Hum_ and _drum_.]

HUMDUDGEON, hum'duj-on, _n._ (_Scot._) an unnecessary outcry.

HUMECTANT, h[=u]-mek'tant, _adj._ pertaining to remedies supposed to increase the fluidity of the blood.--_vs.t._ HUMECT', HUMEC'TATE, to moisten.--_n._ HUMECT[=A]'TION.--_adj._ HUMEC'TIVE, having the power to moisten.--_v.t._ H[=U]'MEFY, to make moist. [L. _humectans_--_hum[=e]re_, to be moist.]

HUMERAL, h[=u]'m[.e]r-al, _adj._ belonging to the shoulder.--_n._ an oblong scarf worn round the priest's shoulders at certain parts of the Mass and of Benediction.--_n._ H[=U]'MERUS, the arm from the shoulder to the elbow: the bone of the upper arm:--_pl._ H[=U]'MERI (-r[=i]).--_adjs._ H[=U]'MERO-C[=U]'BITAL; H[=U]'MERO-DIG'ITAL; H[=U]'MERO-DOR'SAL; H[=U]'MERO-METACAR'PAL; H[=U]'MERO-R[=A]'DIAL. [Fr.,--L. _humerus_, the shoulder.]

HUMET, HUMETTE, h[=u]-met', _n._ (_her._) a fesse or bar cut off short at each end.--_adj._ HUMET['E].

HUMGRUFFIN, hum'gruf-in, _n._ a terrible person.

HUMIAN, h[=u]m'i-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to David _Hume_ (1711-76), or his philosophy.

HUMHUM, hum'hum, _n._ a kind of plain, coarse cotton cloth used in the East Indies.

HUMIC, h[=u]'mik, _adj._ denoting an acid formed by the action of alkalies on humus or mould.

HUMID, h[=u]'mid, _adj._ moist: damp: rather wet.--_adv._ H[=U]'MIDLY.--_ns._ H[=U]'MIDNESS, HUMID'ITY, moisture: a moderate degree of wetness. [L. _humidus_--_hum[=e]re_, to be moist.]

HUMILIATE, h[=u]-mil'i-[=a]t, _v.t._ to make humble: to depress: to lower in condition.--_adjs._ HUMIL'IANT, humiliating; HUMIL'I[=A]TING, humbling, mortifying.--_n._ HUMILI[=A]'TION, the act of humiliating: abasement: mortification. [L. _humili[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_.]

HUMILITY, h[=u]-mil'i-ti, _n._ the state or quality of being humble: lowliness of mind: modesty. [O. Fr. _humilite_--L. _humilitat-em_--_humilis_, low.]

HUMINE, h[=u]m'in, _n._ Same as HUMUS.

HUMMEL, hum'el, _adj._--hornless.--_n._ HUMM'ELLER, a machine for separating awns of barley from seed.

HUMMING, hum'ing, _n._ a low, murmuring sound, like that made by bees.--_ns._ HUMM'ING-BIRD, a tropical bird, of brilliant plumage and rapid flight, from the humming sound of its wings; HUMM'ING-TOP, a top which when spun gives a humming sound. [_Hum_.]

HUMMOCK, hum'uk, _n._ a hillock: pile or ridge (of ice): (_Scot._) a fistful.--_n._ HUMM'IE, a small protuberance.--_adjs._ HUMM'OCKED, HUMM'OCKY. [Dim. of _hump_.]

HUMMUM, the same as Hammam (q.v.).

HUMOUR, h[=u]'mur, or [=u]'mur, _n._ the moisture or fluids of animal bodies: an animal fluid in an unhealthy state: state of mind (because once thought to depend on the humours of the body), as 'good' and 'ill humour:' disposition: caprice: a mental quality which delights in ludicrous and mirthful ideas: playful fancy.--_v.t._ to go in with the humour of: to gratify by compliance.--_adj._ H[=U]'MORAL, pertaining to or proceeding from the humours.--_ns._ H[=U]'MORALISM, the state of being humoral: the doctrine that diseases have their seat in the humours; H[=U]'MORALIST, one who favours the doctrine of humoralism; HUMORESQUE', a musical caprice; H[=U]'MORIST, one whose conduct and conversation are regulated by humour or caprice: one who studies or portrays the humours of people: one possessed of humour: a writer of comic stories.--_adjs._ HUMORIS'TIC, humorous; H[=U]'MORLESS, without humour; H[=U]'MOROUS, governed by humour: capricious: irregular: full of humour: exciting laughter.--_adv._ H[=U]'MOROUSLY.--_n._ H[=U]'MOROUSNESS.--_adj._ H[=U]'MOURSOME, capricious, petulant.--_n._ H[=U]'MOURSOMENESS.--Out of humour, out of temper, displeased; THE NEW HUMOUR, a so-called modern literary product in which there is even less humour than novelty. [O. Fr. _humor_ (Fr. _humeur_)--L. _humor_--_hum[=e]re_, to be moist.]

HUMP, hump, _n._ a lump or hunch upon the back.--_v.t._ to bend in a hump: (_U.S. slang_) to prepare for a great exertion: (_slang_) to vex or annoy.--_v.i._ to put forth effort.--_n._ HUMP'BACK, a back with a hump or hunch: a person with a humpback.--_adjs._ HUMP'BACKED, having a humpback; HUMPED, having a hump on the back; HUMP'Y, full of humps or protuberances. [Prob. a nasalised form of _heap_.]

HUMPH, humf, _interj._ an exclamation expressive of dissatisfaction or incredulity.

HUMPHREY, TO DINE WITH. See DINE.

HUMPTY-DUMPTY, hum'ti-dum'ti, _n._ a short, squat, egg-like being of nursery folklore: a gipsy drink, ale boiled with brandy.--_adj._ short and broad.

HUMSTRUM, hum'strum, _n._ a hurdy-gurdy.

HUMUS, h[=u]m'us, HUMINE, h[=u]m'in, _n._ a brown or black powder in rich soils, formed by the action of air on animal or vegetable matter.--_adj._ H[=U]'MOUS. [L., 'the ground,' akin to Gr. _chamai_, on the ground.]

HUN, hun, _n._ one of a powerful, squat, swarthy, and savage nomad race of Asia, probably of Mongolian or Tartar stock, who began to move westwards in Europe about 372 A.D., pushing the Goths before them across the Danube, and under Attila (433-453) overrunning Europe: a shortened form of Hungarian.--_adjs._ HUN'NIC, HUN'NISH.

HUNCH, hunsh, _n._ a hump, esp. on the back: a lump.--_n._ HUNCH'BACK, one with a hunch or lump on his back.--_adj._ HUNCH'BACKED, having a humpback. [The nasalised form of _hook_; cog. with Ger. _hucke_, the bent back; cf. Scot. to _hunker_ down, to sit on one's heels with the knees bent up towards the chin.]

HUNDRED, hun'dred, _n._ the number of ten times ten: a division of a county in England, orig. supposed to contain a hundred families.--_adjs._ HUN'DREDFOLD, folded a hundred times, multiplied by a hundred; HUN'DREDTH, coming last or forming one of a hundred.--_n._ one of a hundred.--_n._ HUN'DREDWEIGHT, a weight the twentieth part of a ton, or 112 lb. avoirdupois; orig. a hundred lb., abbreviated _cwt._ (c. standing for L. _centum_, _wt._ for weight).--HUNDRED DAYS, the period between Napoleon's return from Elba and his final downfall after Waterloo (the reign lasted exactly 95 days, March 20-June 22, 1815); HUNDRED YEARS' WAR, the struggle between England and France, from 1337 down to 1453; CHILTERN HUNDREDS, a district of Bucks, whose stewardship is a nominal office under the Crown, the temporary acceptance of which by a member of parliament enables him technically to vacate his seat; GREAT, or LONG, HUNDRED, six score; NOT A HUNDRED MILES OFF, an indirect phrase for 'here,' 'in this very place;' OLD HUNDRED, or HUNDREDTH, a well-known long-metre setting of the hundredth psalm, 'All people that on earth do dwell.' [A.S. _hundred_--old form _hund_, a hundred, with the superfluous addition of _r['e]d_ or _r['ae]d_ (Eng. _rate_), a reckoning.]

HUNG, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of hang.--_n._ HUNG'-BEEF, beef cured and dried.

HUNGARIAN, hung-g[=a]'ri-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Hungary_ or its inhabitants.--_n._ a native of Hungary: the Magyar or Hungarian language.

HUNGER, hung'g[.e]r, _n._ desire for food: strong desire for anything.--_v.i._ to crave food: to long for.--_adjs._ HUNG'ER-BIT'TEN, bitten, pained, or weakened by hunger; HUNG'ERFUL, hungry; HUNG'ERLY (_Shak._), hungry.--_adv._ (_Shak._) hungrily.--_adv._ HUNG'RILY.--_adj._ HUNG'RY, having eager desire: greedy: lean: poor. [A.S. _hungor_ (n.), _hyngran_ (v.); cf. Ger. _hunger_, Dut. _honger_, &c.]

HUNK, the same as HUNCH.

HUNK, hungk, _n._ (_U.S._) goal or base in boys' games.--_n._ HUNK'ER, a conservative.--_adj._ HUNK'Y, in good position. [Dut. _honk_.]

HUNKER, hungk'er, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to squat down.--_n.pl._ HUNK'ERS, the hams. [See HUNCH.]

HUNKS, hungks, _n.sing._ a covetous man: a miser.

HUNT, hunt, _v.t._ to chase wild animals for prey or sport: to chase such over a country: to search for: to pursue.--_v.i._ to go out in pursuit of game: to search.--_n._ a chase of wild animals: search: a pack of hunting hounds: an association of huntsmen.--_ns._ HUNT'-COUNT'ER, a dog that runs back or counter on the scent, a worthless dog--hence (_Shak._), a blunderer, and _v.t._ to retrace one's steps; HUNT'ER (_fem._ HUNT'RESS), one who hunts: a horse used in the chase: a watch whose face is protected, like the reverse, with a metal case; HALF'-HUNT'ER, such a watch where that metal case has a small circle of glass let in, so that one can see the time without opening it; HUNT'ING, the pursuit of wild game, the chase; HUNT'ING-BOX, HUNT'ING-LODGE, HUNT'ING-SEAT, a temporary residence for hunting; HUNT'ING-CAP, a form of cap much worn in the hunting-field; HUNT'ING-COG, an extra cog in one of two geared wheels, by means of which the order of contact of cogs is changed at every revolution; HUNT'ING-CROP, -WHIP, a short whip with a crooked handle and a loop of leather at the end, used in the hunting-field; HUNT'ING-GROUND, a place or region for hunting; HUNTING-HORN, a horn used in hunting, a bugle; HUNT'ING-KNIFE, -SWORD, a knife or short sword used to despatch the game when caught, or to skin and cut it up; HUNT'ING-SONG, a song about hunting; HUNT'ING-TIDE, the season of hunting; HUNTS'MAN, one who hunts: a servant who manages the hounds during the chase; HUNTS'MANSHIP, the qualifications of a huntsman; HUNT'S-UP (_Shak._), a tune or song intended to arouse huntsmen in the morning--hence, anything calculated to arouse.--HUNT DOWN, to destroy by persecution or violence; HUNT OUT, up, after, to search for, seek; HUNT-THE-GOWK, to make an April fool (see APRIL); HUNT-THE-SLIPPER, an old-fashioned game in which one in the middle of a ring tries to catch a shoe which those forming the ring upon the ground shove about under their hams from one to another.--HAPPY HUNTING-GROUNDS, the paradise of the Red Indian; MRS LEO HUNTER, of 'The Den, Eatanswill,' a social lion-hunter in the _Pickwick Papers_ whose husband hunts up all the newest celebrities to grace her breakfast parties. [A.S. _huntian_; A.S. _hentan_, to seize.]

HUNTERIAN, hun-t[=e]'ri-an, _adj._ of or pertaining to the great surgeon John _Hunter_ (1728-93), to his collection of anatomical specimens and preparations, the nucleus of the great Hunterian Museum in London, or to the Hunterian Oration delivered at the Royal College of Surgeons on the anniversary of his birth, 14th February: of or pertaining to his elder brother, William _Hunter_ (1718-83), or his museum at Glasgow.

HUNTINGDONIAN, hun-ting-d[=o]'ni-an, _n._ a member of the Countess of Huntingdon's Connection, a denomination of Calvinistic Methodists founded by Whitefield in conjunction with Selina, Countess of _Huntingdon_ (1707-91).

HUON-PINE, h[=u]'on-p[=i]n', _n._ a Tasmanian yew, with light-yellow wood, used in boat-building.

HURDIES, hur'diz, _n.pl._ (_Scot._) the buttocks.

HURDLE, hur'dl, _n._ a frame of twigs or sticks interlaced: (_agri._) a movable frame of timber or iron for gates, &c.: a rude sledge on which criminals were drawn to the gallows.--_v.t._ to enclose with hurdles.--_n._ HUR'DLE-RACE, a race where the runners, whether men or horses, have to clear a succession of hurdles. [A.S. _hyrdel_; Ger. _h[:u]rde_.]

HURDS. Same as HARDS.

HURDY-GURDY, hur'di-gur'di, _n._ a musical stringed instrument, like a rude violin, whose strings are sounded by the turning of a wheel: a hand-organ: an impact-wheel. [Imit.]

HURL, hurl, _v.i._ to make a noise by throwing: to move rapidly: to dash with force: to whirl: (_Scot._) to convey in a wheeled vehicle.--_v.t._ to throw with violence: to utter with vehemence.--_n._ act of hurling, tumult, confusion: (_Scot._) conveyance in a wheeled vehicle.--_ns._ HURL'ER; HURL'EY, the game of hockey, or the stick used in playing it; HURL'ING, a game in which a ball is forced through the opponent's goal, hockey; HURL'Y (_Scot._), a wheelbarrow; HURL'Y-HACK'ET, an ill-hung carriage. [_Hurtle_.]

HURLY-BURLY, hur'li-bur'li, _n._ tumult: confusion.--_n._ HUR'LY (_Shak._). [_Hurly_ is from O. Fr. _hurler_, to yell, orig. _huller_, whence Eng. _howl_. _Burly_ is simply a rhyming addition.]

HURRAH, HURRA, hoor-r[:a]', _interj._ an exclamation of excitement or joy.--Also _n._ and _v.i._ [Ger. _hurra_; Dan. and Sw. _hurra_.]

HURRICANE, hur'ri-k[=a]n, _n._ a storm with extreme violence and sudden changes of the wind: a social party, a rout--(_Shak._) HUR'RICANO.--HURRICANE DECK, a cross-deck about amidships, a bridge-deck or bridge: the upper light deck of a passenger-steamer. [Sp. _huracan_, from Caribbean.]

HURRY, hur'i, _v.t._ to urge forward: to hasten.--_v.i_ to move or act with haste:--_pa.p._ hurr'ied.--_n._ a driving forward: haste: tumult: a tremolando passage for violins, &c., in connection with an exciting situation.--_adj._ HURR'IED.--_adv._ HURR'IEDLY.--_n._ HURR'IEDNESS.--_adv._ HURR'YINGLY.--_n._ HURR'Y-SKURR'Y, confusion and bustle.--_adv._ confusedly. [Imit. Cf. Old Sw. _hurra_, to whirl round.]

HURST, hurst, _n._ a wood, a grove. [A.S. _hyrst_.]

HURT, hurt, _v.t._ to cause bodily pain to: to damage: to wound, as the feelings.--_v.i._ to give pain, &c.:--_pa.t._ and _pa.p._ hurt.--_n._ a wound: injury.--_n._ HURT'ER, that which hurts: a beam at the lower end of a gun-platform to save the parapet: a piece of iron or wood fixed to the top-rails of a gun-carriage to check its motion: the shoulder of an axle against which the hub strikes.--_adj._ HURT'FUL, causing hurt or loss: mischievous.--_adv._ HURT'FULLY.--_n._ HURT'FULNESS.--_adj._ HURT'LESS, without hurt or injury, harmless.--_adv._ HURT'LESSLY.--_n._ HURT'LESSNESS. [O. Fr. _hurter_ (Fr. _heurter_), to knock, to run against; prob. from the Celtic, as in W. _hwrdd_, a thrust, the butt of a ram, Corn. _hordh_, a ram.]

HURTLE, hurt'l, _v.t._ to dash against: to move violently: to clash: to rattle.--_v.i._ to move rapidly with a whirring sound. [Freq. of _hurt_ in its original sense.]

HURTLEBERRY, a form of _whortleberry_.

HUSBAND, huz'band, _n._ a married man: (_B._) a man to whom a woman is betrothed: one who manages affairs with prudence: (_naut._) the owner of a ship who manages its concerns in person.--_v.t._ to supply with a husband: to manage with economy.--_n._ HUS'BANDAGE, allowance or commission of a ship's husband.--_adjs._ HUS'BANDLESS (_Shak._), without a husband; HUS'BANDLY, frugal, thrifty.--_ns._ HUS'BANDMAN, a working farmer: one who labours in tillage; HUS'BANDRY, the business of a farmer: tillage: economical management: thrift. [M. E. _husbonde_--A.S. _h['u]sbonda_, Ice. _h['u]sb['o]ndi_--_h['u]s_, a house, _b['u]andi_, inhabiting, pr.p. of Ice. _b['u]a_, to dwell. Cf. Ger. _bauen_, to till.]

HUSH, hush, _interj._ or _imper._ silence! be still!--_adj._ silent: quiet.--_v.t._ to make quiet: (_min._) to clear off soil, &c., overlying the bed-rock.--_ns._ HUSH'ABY, a lullaby used to soothe babies to sleep; HUSH'-MON'EY, money given as a bribe to hush or make one keep silent.--HUSH UP, to stifle, suppress: to be silent. [Imit. Cf. _hist_ and _whist_.]

HUSK, husk, _n._ the dry, thin covering of certain fruits and seeds: (_pl._) refuse, waste.--_v.t._ to remove the husk or outer integument from.--_adj._ HUSKED, covered with a husk: stripped of husks.--_ns._ HUSK'ER, one who husks Indian corn, esp. at a husking-bee; HUSK'ING, the stripping of husks: a festive gathering to assist in husking Indian corn (maize)--also HUSK'ING-BEE. [M. E. _huske_, orig. with _l_, as in cog. Ger. _h[:u]lse_, Dut. _hulse_, &c.]

HUSKY, husk'i, _adj._ hoarse, as the voice: rough in sound.--_adv._ HUSK'ILY.--_n._ HUSK'INESS. [A corr. of _husty_, from M. E. _host_ (Scot. _hoast_, _host_, a cough)--A.S. _hw['o]sta_, a cough; cf. Ger. _husten_.]

HUSO, h[=u]'so, _n._ the great sturgeon.

HUSSAR, hooz-z[:a]r', _n._ a light-armed cavalry soldier: (_orig._) a soldier of the national cavalry of Hungary. [Not Hung. _huszar_--_husz_, twenty, because at one time in Hungary one cavalry soldier used to be levied from every twenty families; but Slav. _hussar_, gooseherd, the sobriquet of the raiding horse of Matthias Corvinus (1443-90).]

HUSSIF. See HOUSEWIFE. [Contr. of _housewife_.]

HUSSITE, hus's[=i]t, _n._ a follower of the Bohemian reformer, John _Hus_, martyred in 1415.

HUSSY, huz'i, _n._ a pert girl: a worthless wench.

HUSTINGS, hus'tingz, _n.sing._ the principal court of the city of London: formerly the booths where the votes were taken at an election of an M.P., or the platform from which the candidates gave their addresses. [A.S. _h['u]sting_, a council, but a Scand. word, and used in speaking of the Danes--Ice. _h['u]sthing_--_h['u]s_, a house, _thing_, an assembly.]

HUSTLE, hus'l, _v.t._ to shake or push together: to crowd with violence.--_n._ HUS'TLER, an energetic fellow. [Old Dut. _hutsen_, _hutselen_, to shake to and fro; cf. _hotchpotch_.]

HUSWIFE. See HOUSEWIFE.

HUT, hut, _n._ a small or mean house: (_mil._) a small temporary dwelling.--_v.t._ (_mil._) to place in huts, as quarters:--_pr.p._ hut'ting; _pa.p._ hut'ted. [Fr. _hutte_--Old High Ger. _hutta_ (Ger. _h[:u]tte_).]

HUTCH, huch, _n._ a box, a chest: a coop for rabbits: a baker's kneading-trough: a trough used with some ore-dressing machines: a low wagon in which coal is drawn up out of the pit.--_v.i._ (_Milt._) to hoard up. [Fr. _huche_, a chest--Low L. _hutica_, a box; prob. Teut.]

HUTCHINSONIAN, huch-in-s[=o]n'i-an, _n._ a follower of John _Hutchinson_ (1674-1737), who held that the Hebrew Scriptures contain typically the elements of all rational philosophy, natural history, and true religion.

HUTTONIAN, hut-[=o]'ni-an, _adj._ relating to the views of James _Hutton_ (1726-97), who emphasised natural agencies in the formation of the earth's crust.

HUZZA, hooz-z[:a]', _interj._ and _n._ hurrah! a shout of joy or approbation.--_v.t._ to attend with shouts of joy.--_v.i._ to utter shouts of joy or acclamation:--_pr.p._ huzza'ing; _pa.p._ huzzaed (-z[:a]d'). [Ger. _hussa_; the same as _hurrah_.]

HYACINE, h[=i]'a-sin, _n._ (_Spens._) the hyacinth.

HYACINTH, h[=i]'a-sinth, _n._ a bulbous-rooted flower of a great variety of colours: (_myth._) a flower which sprang from the blood of Hyacinthus, a youth killed by Apollo with a quoit: a precious stone, the jacinth.--_adj._ HYACIN'THINE, consisting of or resembling hyacinth: very beautiful, like Hyacinthus: curling like the hyacinth. [Doublet of _jacinth_.]

HYADES, h[=i]'a-d[=e]z, HYADS, h[=i]'adz, _n._ a cluster of five stars in the constellation of the Bull, supposed by the ancients to bring rain when they rose with the sun. [Gr. _hyades_, explained by the ancients as from _hyein_, to rain; more prob.=little pigs, _hys_, a pig.]

HYAENA, HYENA, h[=i]-[=e]'na, _n._ a bristly-maned quadruped of the dog kind, so named from its likeness to the sow.--LAUGHING HYAENA, the tiger-wolf or spotted hyaena of South Africa, emitting at times a sound somewhat like hysterical laughter. [L.,--Gr. _hyaina_--_hys_, a sow.]

HYALINE, h[=i]'a-lin, _adj._ glassy: consisting of or like glass.--_n._ a glassy transparent surface.--_n._ HYALES'CENCE, the process of becoming glassy.--_adj._ HYALES'CENT.--_ns._ HY'ALITE, a variety of opal like colourless gum; HYAL[=I]T'IS, inflammation of the vitreous humour; HYALOG'RAPHY, the art of engraving on glass.--_adj._ HY'ALOID, hyaline, transparent. [Gr. _hyalinos_--_hyalos_, glass, prob. Egyptian.]

HYBERNATE, &c. See HIBERNATE, &c.

HYBLAEAN, hi-bl[=e]'an, _adj._ pertaining to ancient _Hybla_ in Sicily, noted for its honey.

HYBRID, h[=i]'brid, or hib'-, _n._ an animal or plant produced from two different species: a mongrel: a mule: a word formed of elements from different languages.--_adjs._ HY'BRID, HYB'RIDOUS, produced from different species: mongrel.--_adj._ HY'BRIDISABLE.--_n._ HYBRIDIS[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ HY'BRIDISE, to cause to interbreed, and to interbreed.---_ns._ HYBRIDIS'ER; HY'BRIDISM, HYBRID'ITY, state of being hybrid. [Fr.,--L. _hibrida_, a mongrel.]

HYDATID, h[=i]'d[=a]-tid, _n._ a watery cyst or vesicle sometimes found in animal bodies.--_n._ HY'DATISM, the sound caused by the fluctuation of pus in an abscess.--_adj._ HYD'ATOID, watery, aqueous. [Gr. _hydatis_, a watery vesicle--_hyd[=o]r_, _hydatos_, water.]

HYDRA, h[=i]'dra, _n._ (_myth._) a water-serpent with many heads, which when cut off were succeeded by others: any manifold evil: a genus of fresh-water polyps remarkable for their power of multiplication by being cut or divided.--_adjs._ HY'DRA-HEAD'ED, difficulty to root out, springing up vigorously again and again; HY'DROID, like the hydra. [L.,--Gr. _hydra_--_hyd[=o]r_, water, akin to Sans. _udras_, an otter.]

HYDRAGOGUE, h[=i]'dra-g[=o]g, _n._ a very active purgative, such as jalap. [Gr. _hyd[=o]r_, water, _ag[=o]gos_, leading, _agein_, to lead.]

HYDRANGEA, h[=i]-dran'je-a, _n._ a genus of shrubby plants with large heads of showy flowers, natives of China and Japan. [Gr. _hyd[=o]r_, water, _anggeion_, vessel.]