Part 65

CUTTY, kut'i, _adj._ (_Scot._) short, curtailed.--_n._ a short clay pipe: a short, dumpy girl: applied to a woman, a term of reprobation, serious or playful.--_n._ CUTT'Y-STOOL, the stool of repentance in old Scotch church discipline. [CUT.]

CUVETTE, k[:u]v-et', _n._ a trench sunk along the middle of a dry ditch or moat.--Also CUNETTE'. [Fr.]

CYANOGEN, s[=i]-an'o-jen, _n._ a compound of carbon, obtained by decomposing the cyanide of mercury by heat, so called from being an essential ingredient in the formation of Prussian blue.--_n._ CY'ANATE, a salt of cyanic acid.--_adj._ CYAN'IC, of or belonging to cyanogen.--_ns._ CY'ANIDE, a direct compound of cyanogen with a metal; CY'ANINE, the blue colouring matter of violets, &c.; CY'ANITE, a mineral composed of alumina and silica, generally sky-blue; CYANOM'ETER, an instrument for measuring the degrees of blueness of the sky or ocean; CYAN[=O]'SIS, morbid lividness of the skin, blue jaundice.--_adj._ CYANOT'IC.--_ns._ CYAN'OTYPE, a photograph on paper sensitised by a cyanide; CYAN'URET, a cyanide.--CYANIC ACID, an acid composed of cyanogen and oxygen. [Gr. _kyanos_, blue.]

CYAR, s[=i]'ar, _n._ the internal auditory meatus.

CYATHIFORM, s[=i]'a-thi-form, _adj._ like a cup a little widened at top.

CYCAD, s[=i]'kad, _n._ an order allied to _Coniferae_, but in appearance rather resembling ferns and palms.--_adj._ CYCAD[=A]'CEOUS. [Formed from Gr. _kykas_, an erroneous form of _koikas_, _koiks_, the doom-palm.]

CYCLAMEN, sik'l[:a]-men, _n._ a genus of _Primulaceae_, native to southern Europe. [Formed from Gr. _kyklamis_, _-inos_.]

CYCLE, s[=i]'kl, _n._ a period of time in which events happen in a certain order, and which constantly repeats itself: an imaginary circle or orbit in the heavens: a series of poems, prose romances, &c., centring round a figure or event--also CY'CLUS: an abbreviation for bicycle and tricycle.--_v.i._ to move in cycles: to ride or take exercise on a bicycle or tricycle.--_adjs._ CY'CLIC, -AL, pertaining to or containing a cycle.--_ns._ CY'CLIST, for bicyclist or tricyclist; CY'CLOGRAPH, an instrument for describing the arcs of circles that have too large a curvature for compasses; CY'CLOID, a figure like a circle: a curve made by a point in a circle, when the circle is rolled along a straight line.--_adj._ CYCLOID'AL.--_ns._ CYCLOID'IAN, one of the fourth order of fishes, according to the classification of Agassiz, having cycloid scales with smooth edges, as the salmon; CYCLOM'ETER, an instrument for measuring circular arcs: an apparatus attached to the wheel of a cycle for registering the distance traversed; CY'CLORN, a cycle-horn. [Gr. _kyklos_, a circle.]

CYCLONE, s[=i]'kl[=o]n, _n._ a circular or rotatory storm.--_adj._ CYCLON'IC. [Coined from Gr. _kykl[=o]n_, pr.p. of _kykloein_, to whirl round--_kyklos_.]

CYCLOPAEDIA, CYCLOPEDIA, s[=i]-kl[=o]-p[=e]'di-a, _n._ the circle or compass of human knowledge: a work containing information on every department, or on a particular department, of knowledge, usually arranged alphabetically.--_adjs._ CYCLOPAE'DIC, CYCLOPE'DIC. [Gr. _kyklos_, a circle, and _paideia_, learning.]

CYCLOPS, s[=i]'klops, _n._ one of a fabled race of giants who lived chiefly in Sicily, with one eye in the middle of the forehead: a genus of minute freshwater copepods with an eye in front:--_pl._ CYCL[=O]'PES.--_adjs._ CYCLOP[=E]'AN, CYCLOP'IC, relating to or like the Cyclops: giant-like: vast: pertaining to a prehistoric style of masonry with immense stones of irregular form. [Gr. _kykl[=o]ps_--_kyklos_, a circle, and _[=o]ps_, an eye.]

CYCLORAMA, s[=i]-klo-r[:a]'ma, _n._ a circular panorama painted on the inside of a cylindrical surface appearing in natural perspective. [Formed from Gr. _kyklos_, circle, _horama_, view.]

CYCLOSIS, s[=i]-kl[=o]'sis, _n._ circulation, as of blood.

CYCLYOLOSTOMOUS, s[=i]-klos't[=o]-mus, _adj._ round-mouthed, as a lamprey.

CYCLOSTYLE, s[=i]'klo-st[=i]l, _n._ an apparatus for multiplying copies of a writing. [Formed from Gr. _kyklos_, circle, and STYLE.]

CYDER. Same as CIDER.

CYGNET, sig'net, _n._ a young swan. [Acc. to Diez, a dim. of Fr. _cygne_, whose old form _cisne_ (Sp. _cisne_, a swan) is from Low L. _cecinus_, not conn. with L. _cygnus_, Gr. _kyknos_, a swan.]

CYLINDER, sil'in-d[.e]r, _n._ a solid circular or roller-like body, whose ends are equal parallel circles: (_mech._) applied to many cylindrical parts of machines, as any rotating cylindrical portion of a printing-press.--_adjs._ CYLINDR[=A]'CEOUS, somewhat cylindrical; CYLIN'DRIC, -AL, having the form or properties of a cylinder.--_n._ CYLINDRIC'ITY.--_adj._ CYLIN'DRIFORM, in the form of a cylinder.--_n._ CYL'INDROID, a body like a cylinder, but having its base elliptical. [Gr. _kylindros_, _kylindein_, to roll.]

CYMA, s[=i]'ma, _n._ a moulding of the cornice, an ogee.--_ns._ CYM'AGRAPH, an instrument for tracing the outline of mouldings; CYM[=A]'TIUM, a cyma. [Gr. _kyma_, a billow.]

CYMAR, si-m[:a]r', _n._ a loose light dress worn by ladies. [See CHIMER.]

CYMBAL, sim'bal, _n._ a hollow brass, basin-like, musical instrument, beaten together in pairs.--_ns._ CYM'BALIST, a cymbal-player; CYM'BALO, the dulcimer.--_adj._ CYM'BIFORM, boat-shaped. [L. _cymbalum_--Gr. _kymbanon_--_kymb[=e]_, the hollow of a vessel.]

CYME, s[=i]m, _n._ a young shoot: (_bot._) term applied to all forms of inflorescence which are definite or centrifugal.--_adjs._ CYM'OID, CYM'OSE, CYM'OUS. [L. _cyma_--Gr. _kyma_, a sprout.]

CYMOPHANE, s[=i]'m[=o]-f[=a]n, _n._ chrysoberyl.--_adj._ CYMOPH'ANOUS, opalescent. [Formed from Gr. _kyma_, wave, _phainein_, to show.]

CYMRIC, kim'rik, _adj._ Welsh.--_n._ CYM'RY, the Welsh, [W. _Cymru_, Wales.]

CYNANCHE, si-nang'k[=e], _n._ a name of various diseases of the throat or windpipe, esp. quinsy. [Gr., _ky[=o]n_, a dog, _anchein_, to throttle.]

CYNIC, -AL, sin'ik, -al, _adj._ dog-like: surly: snarling: austere; misanthropic.--_ns._ CYNAN'THROPY, lycanthropy; CYN'IC, one of a sect of philosophers founded by Antisthenes of Athens (born c. 444 B.C.), characterised by an ostentatious contempt for riches, arts, science, and amusements--so called from their morose manners: a morose man: a snarler; CYN'ICISM, surliness: contempt for human nature: heartlessness, misanthropy.--_adv._ CYN'ICALLY.--_n._ CYN'ICALNESS. [Gr. _kynikos_, dog-like--_ky[=o]n_, _kynos_, a dog; cf. L. _can-is_.]

CYNOCEPHALUS, s[=i]-no-sef'al-us, _n._ the dog-faced baboon: a race of men with dogs' heads. [Gr. _ky[=o]n_, _kynos_, dog, _kephal[=e]_, head.]

CYNOSURE, sin'o-sh[=oo]r, or s[=i]', _n._ the dog's tail, a constellation (_Ursa minor_) containing the north-star; hence anything that strongly attracts attention or admiration. [Gr. _ky[=o]n_, _kynos_, a dog, _oura_, a tail.]

CYPERUS, sip-[=e]'rus, _n._ a tropical genus of _Cyperaceae_.--_adj._ CYPER[=A]'CEOUS, belonging to, or like, sedge plants. [From Gr. _kypeiros_, sedge.]

CYPHER. Same as CIPHER.

CY PRES, s[=e] pr[=a], in the law of charitable trusts in England, the principle of applying the money to some object _as near as possible_ to the one specified, when this has become impracticable. [O. Fr.]

CYPRESS, s[=i]'pres, _n._ an evergreen tree whose branches used to be carried at funerals; hence a symbol of death.--_adj._ CYP'RINE. [O. Fr. _cipr[`e]s_ (Fr. _cypr[`e]s_)--L. _cupressus_--Gr. _kyparissos_.]

CYPRIAN, sip'ri-an, _adj._ belonging to the island of _Cyprus_: lewd, licentious--Cyprus being the place where Venus was worshipped.--_n._ a native of Cyprus--also CYP'RIOT: a lewd woman.

CYPRUS, s[=i]'prus, _n._ a thin, transparent, black stuff, a kind of crape.--_n._ CY'PRUS-LAWN (_Milt._). [Prob. named from the island of _Cyprus_.]

CYRENAIC, s[=i]-rin-[=a]'ik, _adj._ pertaining to _Cyrene_, or to the hedonism of its philosopher Aristippus, a pupil of Socrates.

CYRILLIC, sir-il'ik, _adj._ pertaining to the alphabet attributed to St _Cyril_ (9th cent.), distinguished from the other Slavonic alphabet, the Glagolitic.

CYST, sist, _n._ a bag in animal bodies containing morbid matter.--_adjs._ CYST'IC, CYST'IFORM, CYSTOID', having the form of, or contained in, a cyst or bag.--_ns._ CYS'TICLE, a small cyst; CYST[=I]'TIS, inflammation of the bladder; CYS'TOCELE, a hernia formed by the protrusion of the bladder; CYST[=O]'MA, a tumour containing cysts; CYSTOT'OMY, the operation of cutting into the bladder to remove extraneous matter. [Low L. _cystis_--Gr. _kystis_, a bladder.]

CYTHEREAN, sith-e-r[=e]'an, _adj._ pertaining to Venus. [L. _Cythereus_--_Cythera_, an island in the Aegean Sea (now _Cerigo_), celebrated for the worship of Venus.]

CYTISUS, sit'i-sus, _n._ a group of hardy leguminous shrubby plants, with yellow, white, or purple flowers, chiefly in the warmer temperate parts of the Old World. [Gr. _kytisos_.]

CYTOBLAST, s[=i]'to-blast, _n._ the nucleus or germinal spot of a cellule, from which the organic cell is developed.--_n._ CYTOGEN'ESIS, cell-formation. [Gr. _kytos_, a vessel, _blastanein_, to bud.]

CZAR, TSAR, ts[:a]r, or z[:a]r, _n._ the emperor of Russia:--_fem._ CZARI'NA, TSARI'NA.--_ns._ CZAR'EVITCH, TSAR-, a son of a czar.--CESAR'EVITCH is the title of the eldest son, and CESAREV'NA, of his wife.--_ns._ CZAREV'NA, TSAREV'NA, a daughter of a czar. [Russ. _tsari_, a king; conn. with Ger. _kaiser_, ult. from L. _caesar_, a king or emperor.]

CZARDAS, z[:a]r'das (Hung. pron. ch[:a]r'dosh), _n._ a Hungarian national dance, consisting of two sections--a slow movement called a _lassu_ or _lassan_, and a quick step, the _friss_ or _friska_.

CZECH, tshek, _n._ a member of the most westerly branch of the Slavic family of races, the term including the Bohemians, or Czechs proper, the Moravians, and the Slovaks: the language of the Czechs, Bohemian, closely allied to Polish.--_adj._, also CZECH'IC.

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[Illustration]

the fourth letter in our alphabet, as well as in the Phoenician, Hebrew, Greek, and Latin, from which last it was immediately derived--its sound the soft dental mute: (_mus._) the second note in the natural scale.

DAB, dab, _v.t._ to strike gently with something soft or moist, to smear:--_pr.p._ dab'bing; _pa.p._ dabbed.--_n._ a gentle blow: a small lump of anything soft or moist: a species of flounder of light-brown colour, with small dark spots and rough, close-set scales.--_ns._ DAB'BER, a sort of pad for dabbing ink on engraved wood blocks or plates; DAB'CHICK, a small water-fowl, a kind of grebe. [First about 1300; cf. Old Dut. _dabben_, to pinch; Ger. _tappe_, a pat. Confused with DAUB and TAP.]

DAB, dab, _n._ an expert person.--_n._ DAB'STER (_coll._). [Prob. a corr. of ADEPT.]

DABBLE, dab'l, _v.t._ to spatter with moisture.--_v.i._ to play in water with hands or feet: to do anything in a trifling way.--_n._ DABB'LER, one who does things superficially.--_adv._ DABB'LINGLY. [Freq. of DAB.]

DA CAPO, d[:a] k[:a]'p[=o], a term in music, frequently placed at the end of a movement, indicating that the performer must return to the beginning of the music--usually written _D.C._ [It., 'from the beginning'--L. _de_, from, _caput_, head.]

DACE, d[=a]s, DARE, d[=a]r, DART, d[:a]rt, _n._ a small river fish of the carp family, and of the same genus as the roach, chub, minnow, &c. [M. E. _darce_--O. Fr. _dars_--Low L. _dardus_, a dart or javelin--of Teut. origin. So called from its quickness.]

DACHSHUND, daks'hoond, _n._ a badger-dog. [Ger. _dachs_, a badger, _hund_, dog.]

DACKER, dak'[.e]r, DAKER, d[=a]'k[.e]r, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to lounge, saunter.--Also DAIK'ER.

DACOIT, da-koit', _n._ one of a gang of robbers in India and Burma--also DAKOIT'.--_ns._ DACOIT'Y, DACOIT'AGE, robbery by gang-robbers, brigandage. [Hind. _d[=a]k[=a][=i]t_, a robber.]

DACRYOMA, dak-ri-[=o]'ma, _n._ stoppage of the tear duct. [Formed from Gr. _dakry_, a tear.]

DACTYL, dak'til, _n._ in Latin and Greek poetry, a foot of three syllables, one long followed by two short, so called from its likeness to the joints of a finger; in English, a foot of three syllables, with the first accented, as _mer_'rily, _vi_'olate.--_adjs._ DAC'TYLAR, DACTYL'IC, relating to or consisting chiefly of dactyls.--_ns._ DACTYL'IOMANCY, divination by means of a finger-ring; DAC'TYLIST; DACTYLOG'RAPHY, the science of finger-rings; DACTYLOL'OGY, the art of talking with the fingers, like the deaf and dumb. [L. _dactylus_--Gr. _daktylos_, a finger.]

DAD, dad, DADDY, dad'i, _n._ father, a word used by children.--_n._ DADD'Y-LONG-LEGS, the crane-fly, a familiar insect with long body, legs, and antennae. [Prob. Celt., W. _tad_, Bret, _tad_, _tat_; cf. Gr. _tata_.]

DAD, dad, _v.t._ to throw against something: to dash.--_n._ a lump: a piece: a blow. [Der. unknown.]

DADDLE, dad'l, _v.i._ to walk in an unsteady manner, as a child or very old person: to totter:--_pr.p._ dadd'ling; _pa.p._ dadd'led. [Perh. conn. with DAWDLE.]

DADDLE, dad'l, _n._ (_slang_) the hand.

DADDOCK, dad'ok, _n._ (_prov._) the heart of a rotten tree.

DADO, d[=a]'do, _n._ in classical architecture, the cubic block forming the body of a pedestal: a skirting of wood along the lower part of the walls of a room, often represented merely by wall-paper, painting, &c. [It.,--L. _datus_ (_talus_, a die, being understood), given or thrown forth--_d[=a]re_, to give.]

DAEDAL, d[=e]'dal, DAEDALIAN, de-d[=a]'li-an, _adj._ formed with art: displaying artistic skill: intricate. [From L. _Daedalus_, Gr. _Daidalos_, the mythical artist who constructed the Cretan labyrinth.]

DAEMON, d[=e]'mon, _n._ a spirit holding a middle place between gods and men, like the daemon or good genius of Socrates.--_adj._ DAE'MONIC, supernatural: of power or intelligence more than human. [L. _daemon_--Gr. _daim[=o]n_, a spirit, a genius, and later a devil. See DEMON.]

DAFF, daf, _v.i._ to play, to play the fool.--_n._ DAFF'ING (_Scot._), foolery, gaiety. [M. E. _daf_, deaf, prob. Ice. _dawfr_ (Sw. _d[:o]f_, Dan. _d[:o]v_), deaf.]

DAFF, daf, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to put off. [A variant of DOFF.]

DAFFODIL, daf'o-dil, DAFFODILLY, daf'o-dil-i, DAFFODOWNDILLY, daf'o-down-dil'i, _n._ a yellow flower of the lily tribe--also called _King's spear_. [M. E. _affodille_--O. Fr. _asphodile_--Gr. _asphodelus_; the _d_ is prefixed accidentally.]

DAFT, daft, _adj._ (_Scot._) silly, weak-minded, insane, unreasonably merry.--_adv._ DAFT'LY.--_n._ DAFT'NESS. [See DAFF.]

DAG, dag, _n._ a dagger: a hand-gun or heavy pistol, used in the 15th and 16th centuries.--Also DAGGE. [Fr. _dague_; Celt.; cf. Bret. _dag_.]

DAGGER, dag'[.e]r, _n._ a short sword for stabbing at close quarters: (_print._) a mark of reference ([Dagger]), the double dagger ([Double Dagger]) being another.--AT DAGGERS DRAWN, in a state of hostility; LOOK DAGGERS, to look in a hostile manner. [M. E. _dagger_--W. _dagr_ (Ir. _daigear_); cf. Fr. _dague_.]

DAGGLE, dag'l, _v.t._ and _v.i._ to wet or grow wet by dragging on the wet ground.--_n._ DAGG'LE-TAIL, a slattern.--_adj._ slatternly. [Freq. of prov. Eng. _dag_, to sprinkle, from a Scand. root seen in Sw. _dagg_.]

DAGO, d[=a]'go, _n._ (_U.S._) a name applied loosely to Spanish- and Italian-born men. [Prob. a corr. of Sp. _Diego_--L. _Jacobus_.]

DAGOBA, dag'o-ba, _n._ in Ceylon, a dome-like structure of solid masonry, containing relics of a Buddhist saint. [Singh. _d[=a]gaba_.]

DAGON, d[=a]'gon, _n._ the national god of the Philistines, half-man, half-fish. [Heb. _d[=a]g[=o]n_--_dag_, fish.]

DAGUERREOTYPE, da-ger'o-t[=i]p, _n._ a method of taking pictures on metal plates by the light of the sun: a photograph fixed on a plate of copper by a certain process.--_adj._ DAGUER'R[=E]AN.--_n._ DAGUERR[=E]'OTYPY, the art of daguerreotyping. [Fr., from Louis _Daguerre_ (1789-1851).]

DAGWOOD. See DOGWOOD.

DAHABEEAH, da-ha-b[=e]'a, _n._ a Nile-boat with oars, one or two masts, and lateen sails.--Also DAHABI'EH, DAHABI'YEH. [Ar. _dahab[=i]ya_.]

DAHLIA, d[=a]l'i-a, _n._ a genus of garden plants with large flowers. [From _Dahl_, a Swedish botanist.]

DAIDLE, d[=a]'dl, _v.i._ a Scotch form of _daddle_: also to draggle.--_adj._ DAID'LING, feeble: dawdling.

DAIKER, d[=a]'ker, _v.i._ (_prov._) to deck out.

DAILY, d[=a]'li, _adj._ and _adv._ every day.--_n._ a daily paper.

DAIMIO, d[=i]'myo, _n._ a Japanese territorial noble under the old feudal system. [Jap.]

DAINTY, d[=a]n'ti, _adj._ pleasant to the palate: delicate: fastidious: (_Spens._) elegant.--_n._ that which is dainty, a delicacy.--_adj._ DAINT (_Spens._).--_adv._ DAIN'TILY.--_n._ DAIN'TINESS. [M. E. _deintee_, anything worthy or costly. O. Fr. _dainti['e]_, worthiness--L. _dignitat-em_--_dignus_, worthy.]

DAIRY, d[=a]'ri, _n._ the place where milk is kept, and butter and cheese made: an establishment for the supply of milk.--_ns._ DAI'RY-FARM; DAI'RYING; DAI'RYMAID; DAI'RYMAN. [M. E. _deye_.--Ice. _deigja_, a dairymaid; orig. a kneader of dough.]

DAIS, d[=a]'is, _n._ a raised floor at the upper end of the dining-hall where the high table stood: a raised floor with a seat and canopy: the canopy over an altar, &c. [O. Fr. _dais_--Low L. _discus_, a table--L. _discus_, a quoit--Gr. _diskos_, a disc.]

DAISY, d[=a]'zi, _n._ a common wild-flower, growing in pastures and meadows--the name given also to other plants, as the _Ox-eye daisy_, which is a chrysanthemum.--_adj._ DAI'SIED, covered with daisies.--_n._ DAI'SY-CUT'TER, a fast-going horse that does not lift its feet high: a cricket-ball skimmed along the ground. [A. S. _daeges e['a]ge_, day's eye, the sun.]

DAK, d[:a]k, DAWK, dawk, _n._ in India, the mail-post: travelling in palanquins carried by relays of bearers. [Hind. _d[=a]k_, a relay of men.]

DAKOIT. See DACOIT.

DALAI-LAMA. See LAMA.

DALE, d[=a]l, DELL, del, _n._ the low ground between hills: the valley through which a river flows.--_n._ DALES'MAN, specifically, an inhabitant of the dales of the Lake District. [Ice. _dalr_, Sw. _dal_; Ger. _thal_.]

DALI, d[:a]'li, _n._ a timber-tree of Guiana, its wood used for staves, &c.

DALILA. See DELILAH.

DALL, dal, _n._ a tile with incised surface: (_pl._) rapids.

DALLOP, dal'op, _n._ (_prov._), a tuft of grass.

DALLY, dal'i, _v.i._ to lose time by idleness or trifling: to play: to exchange caresses:--_pa.p._ dall'ied.--_ns._ DALL'IANCE, dallying, toying, or trifling: interchange of embraces: delay; DALL'IER, a trifler. [M. E. _dalien_, to play; prob. from A.S. _dweligan_, to err; cf. Ice. _dvala_, to delay, Dut. _dwalen_, to err; prob. conn. with _dwell_.]

DALMAHOY, dal'ma-hoi, _n._ a bushy bob-wig, worn in the 18th cent. by chemists, &c.

DALMATIAN, dal-m[=a]'shun, _adj._ belonging to _Dalmatia_, a strip of Austrian territory along the Adriatic.--DALMATIAN DOG, the spotted coach-dog, resembling the pointer in shape.

DALMATIC, dal-mat'ik, _n._ a loose-fitting, wide-sleeved ecclesiastical vestment, worn specially by deacons in the R.C. Church, also sometimes by bishops. [Low L. _dalmatica_, a robe worn by persons of rank in the early Christian centuries, on the pattern of a dress worn in _Dalmatia_.]

DALT, d[:a]lt, _n._ (_Scot._) a foster-child. [Gael. _dalta_.]

DALTONISM, dal'ton-izm, _n._ colour-blindness: inability to distinguish certain colours.--_adj._ DALT[=O]'NIAN. [So called from the chemist John _Dalton_ (1766-1844), who had this infirmity.]

DAM, dam, _n._ an embankment to restrain water: the water thus confined.--_v.t._ to keep back water by a bank:--_pr.p._ dam'ming; _pa.p._ dammed. [Teut.; Dut. _dam_, Ger. _damm_, &c.]

DAM, dam, _n._ a mother, applied to quadrupeds. [A form of _dame_.]

DAMAGE, dam'[=a]j, _n._ hurt, injury, loss: the value of what is lost: (_coll._) cost: (_pl._) the pecuniary reparation due for loss or injury sustained by one person through the fault or negligence of another.--_v.t._ to harm.--_v.i._ to take injury.--_adj._ DAM'AGEABLE. [O. Fr. _damage_ (Fr. _dommage_)--L. _damnum_, loss.]

DAMAN, dam'an, _n._ the Syrian hyrax, the cony of the Bible. [Syrian.]

DAMAR. Same as DAMMAR.

DAMASCENE, da'mas-[=e]n, _adj._ of _Damascus_.--_v.t._ same as DAMASKEEN.

DAMASK, dam'ask, _n._ figured stuff, originally of silk, now of linen, cotton, or wool, the figure being woven, not printed.--_v.t._ to flower or variegate, as cloth.--_adj._ of a red colour, like that of a damask rose.--_v.t._ DAMASKEEN', to decorate metal (esp. steel) by inlaying or encrusting on it patterns like damask in other metals: to ornament with flowery patterns, to damask.--_ns._ DAMASKEEN'ING, DAMASCEEN'ING, the watered or striated structure seen in certain sword-blades and other weapons: the ornamental incrustation with gold and silver of steel and iron surfaces; DAMASKIN', a Damascus blade: a damaskeened blade; DAM'ASK-PLUM, the damson; DAM'ASK-ROSE, a species of pink-rose; DAM'ASK-STEEL, Damascus steel; DAM'ASSIN, damask with flowered patterns in gold or silver thread.--DAMASCUS BLADE, a Damascus sword, the surface marked by wavy and variegating lines. [From _Damascus_, in Syria, where damask was orig. made.]

DAMBOARD, dam'b[=o]rd, DAMBROD, dam'brod, _n._ (_Scot._) a draughtboard, the pieces being _dams_. [Fr. _jeu de dames_, copied by the Germans as _damenspiel_, by the Swedes as _damspel_, &c., perhaps from the movement of the pieces being like those of the queen (_reine_ or _dame_) in chess.]

DAME, d[=a]m, _n._ the mistress of a house: a matron: a noble lady.--_ns._ DAME'-SCHOOL, a school for children kept by a woman; DAME'S'-V[=I]'OLET, a genus of cruciferous plants, formerly cultivated by ladies in pots for its sweet scent at night. [Fr. _dame_--L. _domina_, a mistress, fem. of _dominus_, a master.]

DAMMAR, dam'mar, _n._ a resin, used for making varnish, obtained from a genus of East Indian conifers.

DAMN, dam, _v.t._ to censure or condemn: to sentence to eternal punishment: to doom.--_n._ an oath: a curse.--_adj._ DAM'NABLE, deserving or tending to damnation: hateful: pernicious.--_n._ DAM'NABLENESS.--_adv._ DAM'NABLY.--_n._ DAMN[=A]'TION, condemnation: (_theol._) the punishment of the impenitent in the future state: eternal punishment.--_adj._ DAM'NATORY, consigning to damnation.--_p.adj._ DAMNED, sentenced to everlasting punishment: hateful: a profane intensive, meaning merely thorough (often written d----d, and softened into _darned_, _dashed_, &c.).--_adv._ very, exceedingly.--_adj._ DAMNIF'IC.--_n._ DAMNIFIC[=A]'TION.--_v.t._ DAM'NIFY, to cause loss to.--_adj._ DAM'NING, exposing to condemnation. [Fr. _damner_--L. _damn[=a]re_, to condemn--_damnum_, loss.]

DAMOCLEAN, dam-[=o]-cl[=e]'an, _adj._ like _Damocles_, flatterer of Dionysius of Syracuse, taught the insecurity of happiness by being made to sit through the feast with a sword suspended by a single hair over his head.

DAMOSEL, dam'o-sel, _n._ Same as DAMSEL.

DAMP, damp, _n._ vapour, mist: moist air: lowness of spirits: (_pl._) dangerous vapours in mines, &c.--_v.t._ to wet slightly: to chill: to discourage: to check: to make dull.--_adj._ moist, foggy: sometimes in the form DAMP'Y.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ DAMP'EN, to make or become damp or moist.--_n._ DAMP'ER, that which checks or moderates: a mechanical appliance for reducing currents, musical vibration, &c.: (_Australia_) a kind of unfermented bread.--_adj._ DAMP'ISH, somewhat damp.--_n._ DAMP'ISHNESS.--_adv._ DAMP'LY.--_n._ DAMP'NESS.--DAMPING OFF (_hort._), the death of plants from excess of moisture. [M. E. _dampen_; akin to Dut. _damp_, Ger. _dampf_, vapour.]

DAMSEL, dam'zel, _n._ a young unmarried woman: a girl. [O. Fr. _damoisele_ (Fr. _demoiselle_), a page--Low L. _domicellus_, dim. of L. _dominus_, a lord.]

DAMSON, dam'zn, _n._ a rather small oval fruited variety of the common plum, esteemed for preserving. [Shortened from _Damascene_--_Damascus_.]

DAN, dan, _n._ a title of honour equivalent to Master or Sir. [O. Fr. _dan_. (Sp. _don_; Port. _dom_)--L. _dominus_, lord. See DAME.]

DAN, dan, _n._ (_prov._) a box for carrying coal: a tub.

DANAKIL, dan'a-kil, _n._ the name given to the numerous nomad and fisher tribes on the coast of North-east Africa. [Ar.]

DANCE, dans, _v.i._ to move with measured steps to music: to spring.--_v.t._ to make to dance or jump.--_n._ the movement of one or more persons with measured steps to music: the tune to which dancing is performed.--_ns._ DANCE'-M[=U]'SIC, music specially arranged for accompanying dancing; DANC'ER, one who practises dancing; DANC'ING, the act or art of moving in the dance; DANC'ING-GIRL, a professional dancer; DANC'ING-MAS'TER, a teacher of dancing.--DANCE A BEAR (_obs._), to exhibit a performing bear; DANCE ATTENDANCE, to wait obsequiously; DANCE OF DEATH, a series of allegorical paintings symbolising the universal power of death, represented as a skeleton; DANCE UPON NOTHING, to be hanged.--LEAD A PERSON A DANCE, to set him on an undertaking under false hopes: to delude.--MERRY DANCERS, the aurora. [O. Fr. _danser_, from Teut.; Old High Ger. _danson_, to draw along.]

DANCETTE, dan-set', _n._ (_her._) a zigzag or indented line or figure: the chevron or zigzag moulding common in Romanesque architecture--also _adj._ [O. Fr. _dent_, _dant_, tooth, notch--L. _dens_.]

DANDELION, dan-de-l[=i]'un, _n._ a common plant with a yellow flower, its leaves with jagged tooth-like edges. [Fr. _dent de lion_, tooth of the lion.]

DANDER, dan'd[.e]r, DAUNDER, dawn'd[.e]r, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to walk leisurely or idly. [Akin to _dandle_.]

DANDER, _n._ a form of DANDRUFF (_vulg._), anger: passion.--RAISE A PERSON'S DANDER, to put him in a temper.

DANDER, _n._ (_Scot._) furnace cinders. [Ety. dub.]

DANDLE, dan'dl, _v.t._ to play with: to fondle or toss in the arms, as a baby. [Prob. Teut.; cf. Ger. _t[:a]ndeln_--_tand_, a toy.]

DANDRIFF, dand'rif, DANDRUFF, dand'ruf, _n._ a scaly scurf which forms on the surface of the skin under the hair and beard. [Perh. from W. _ton_, surface, skin, and _drwg_, bad (Skeat).]

DANDY, dan'di, _n._ a foppish, silly fellow: one who pays much attention to dress.--_v.t._ DAN'DIFY, to dress up as a dandy.--_adv._ DAN'DILY, like a dandy.--_ns._ DAN'DY-BRUSH, a hard brush of whalebone bristles; DAN'DY-COCK, a bantam; DAN'DY-F[=E]'VER (see DENGUE); DAN'DY-HORSE, a velocipede.--_adj._ DAN'DYISH.--_n._ DAN'DYISM. [Perh. from Fr. _dandin_, a ninny; and prob. from root of _dandle_.]

DANDY, dan'di, _n._ a sloop-like vessel having a jigger-mast abaft.--_n._ DANDY-RIGGED CUTTER.

DANDYPRAT, dan'di-prat, _n._ a dwarf: an urchin. [Ety. dub.]

DANE, d[=a]n, _n._ a native of _Denmark_.--_adj._ DAN'ISH, belonging to Denmark.--_n._ the language of the Danes--(_Spens._) DANISK.

DANEGELD, d[=a]n'geld, _n._ a tax imposed in the 10th cent., to buy off the Danes or to defend the country against them. [A.S. _Dene_, Danes, _geid_, a payment.]

DANG, dang, _v.t._ a minced form of _damn_.

DANGER, d[=a]n'j[.e]r, _n._ peril, hazard, or risk: insecurity: (_obs._) power.--_v.t._ (_Shak._) to endanger.--_adj._ DAN'GEROUS, full of danger: unsafe: insecure.--_adv._ DAN'GEROUSLY.--_ns._ DAN'GEROUSNESS; DAN'GER-SIG'NAL. [O. Fr. _dangier_, absolute power (of a feudal lord), hence power to hurt.--Low L. _dominium_, feudal authority--L. _dominus_, a lord. See DUNGEON.]

DANGLE, dang'gl, _v.t._ to hang loosely or with a swinging motion: to follow any one about.--_v.t._ to make to dangle.--_n._ DAN'GLER, one who dangles about others, esp. about women. [Scand., Dan. _dangle_, to dangle; cf. Ice. _dingla_, to swing; Sw. _danka_, to saunter.]

DANIEL, dan'yel, _n._ in phrase A SECOND DANIEL, a wise judge, with reference to the interposition of the wise young Daniel to save Susannah, in one of the Apocryphal additions to the book of Daniel.

DANITE, dan'[=i]t, _n._ one of a secret society amongst the early Mormons. [In allusion to Gen. xlix. 16, 17.]