II.

On[1] another floor of the same building may[2] be found bundles of Pimento[3] sticks and Malacca[4] canes, a great store of mother-of-pearl, a heap of delicate[5], richly-tinted ear-shells[6], and a quantity _of_ ivory. Here are elephants’ teeth, some[7] of which are larger than bricks and weigh fourteen pounds. Passing[8] out of this building, we find[9] ourselves in an enormous shed with little black boards, hung[10] at intervals, and bearing the names of vessels. Beneath these boards are[11] goods lying ready for shipment, and these are at least as varied[12] as the imports[13]. Here are pickles[14], blacking, a[15] cartload or so _of_ bricks, and scores[16] of anvils. There[17] are church-bells, a chest of drawers, a rocking-horse, a mangle, and boxes, bales, and barrels innumerable[18].—‘THE GLOBE’ NEWSPAPER.

[1] +In.+

[2] Use the Active Voice with ‘+man+’, and say ‘one finds’. Comp. S. 4, N. 4. For the constr. see App. § 14.

[3] +Nelkenpfeffer+, m.

[4] +Malakkarohr.+

[5] +zart.+

[6] +Seeohrmuscheln.+

[7] The clause must commence with the words ‘of which’.

[8] ‘To pass out’ here = to leave, v. trans. Construe according to S. 55, N. 1.

[9] to find oneself, +sich befinden+.

[10] +auf´hängen+; at, in. Construe according to S. 7, N. 3, _B._

[11] are — shipment, +liegen zur Einschiffung bestimmte Waren+.

[12] +verschiedener Art.+

[13] +Einfuhrartikel.+

[14] Use this noun in its unaltered form.

[15] Say ‘one or two loads _of_ bricks’.

[16] scores of, +eine Unzahl von+.

[17] +Dort sind.+ Comp. S. 82, N. 7.

[18] +in zahlloser Menge.+

_Section 87._

DR. JOHNSON ON[1] DEBT.

Dr. Johnson held[2] that[3] debt is ruin. His[4] words on the subject are weighty, and worthy of being held in remembrance. “Do not,” said[5] he, “accustom[6] yourself to consider debt only as[7] an inconvenience. You[8] will find it a calamity. Poverty takes[9] away so many means of doing good, and[10] produces so much inability to resist evil, that it[11] is by[12] all virtuous means to be avoided. Let[13] it be your first care, then, not to be in any man’s debt. Resolve[14] not[15] to be poor. Whatever[16] you have, spend less. Poverty[17] is a great enemy to _human_ happiness. It destroys liberty. It makes some[18] virtues impracticable[19] and others[20] extremely difficult. Frugality[21] is not only the basis of[22] quiet, but[23] of beneficence[24]. No[25] man can help others that wants himself. We must have[26] enough, before[27] we have to spare.”—S. SMILES, SELF-HELP.

[1] +über das Schuldenmachen.+

[2] ‘to hold’ here = to be of opinion, +der Ansicht sein+.

[3] Say ‘that debt (_das Schuldenmachen_) leads (Pres. Subj.; Comp. App. §§ 28 and 31) to ruin’.

[4] Say ‘What he says on (+über+) this subject (+Gegenstand+, m.) is important and worthy of our notice (+Beachtung+, f.)’.

[5] Place the words ‘said he’ at the end of the whole clause.

[6] =When verbs and adjectives, governing a preposition, are used in a principal clause and are followed by a subordinate clause, either in the form of a supine= (i.e. an infinitive with +zu+, see S. 1, N. 2) =or beginning with a subordinative conjunction, the adverb +da+, in connection with the preposition required, is generally placed in the principal clause=; as—

We will accustom ourselves to be thrifty.

+Wir wollen uns daran gewöhnen, sparsam zu sein.+

Do not excuse yourself with having had no time.

+Entschuldigen Sie sich nicht damit, daß Sie keine Zeit gehabt haben.+

The verb sich +gewöhnen+ requires the prep. +an+. Construe accordingly, and use the 2nd pers. sing.

[7] an inconvenience, +als etwas Lästiges+.

[8] Say ‘You will find that it leads to poverty’, see S. 3, N. 2.

[9] to take away, +entzie´hen+, after which supply the pron. +uns+ (from us).

[10] and — inability = and makes us so often incapable.

[11] it is ... to be avoided = we must avoid it (to agree with +Armut+), see S. 62, N. 4.

[12] by — means, +nach besten Kräften+.

[13] Say ‘Beware therefore (+sich hüten+) of running into debt’. To run into debt, +Schulden machen+. Use the Supine according to S. 34, N. 10.

[14] +sich etwas vor´nehmen.+

[15] not — poor = not to get (+geraten+) into poverty.

[16] Say ‘However little (+Wie gering+, after which supply the adverb +auch+) thy income (+Einnahme+, f.) may be, lay up a part of the same (+so lege doch einen Teil derselben zurück+)’.

[17] +Armut ist dem Glücke feind.+

[18] +einzelne.+

[19] impracticable = impossible.

[20] supply here the adverb +wiederum+ (again).

[21] ‘frugality’ here = thrift (to be used without the art.).

[22] of quiet, +des innern Friedens+.

[23] Supply here the adverb +auch+, and see S. 6, N. 10.

[24] +Wohlthun+, n., to be used with the gen. of the def. art.

[25] Say ‘He who (+Wer+, after which supply the pron. +selbst+) needs (+bedürfen+, requires the gen. of the def. art.) help, cannot help others’.

[26] to have enough, +zur Genüge haben+.

[27] Say ‘before (+ehe+) we can have to spare (+etwas übrig haben+)’.

_Section 88._

A CURIOUS[1] INSTRUMENT.