III.
It has armed the feeble hand of (S. 3, N. 2) man, _in_ short[1], with a power to which no limits can be assigned[2]; completed[3] the dominion of mind over the most refractory qualities of matter[4], and laid a sure foundation for[5] all those future miracles of mechanic power which[6] are to aid and reward the labours of after generations. It[7] is to the genius of one man, too, that all this is mainly owing! And certainly no man ever bestowed such a gift on his kind[8]. The blessing is not only universal, but[9] unbounded; and the fabled[10] inventors of the plough and the loom, who were deified by their rude[11] contemporaries, conferred less important benefits (App. § 5) on mankind than the inventor of our present steam-engine.
This will be the fame of Watt with[12] future generations, and it[13] is sufficient for his race and his country.—LORD JEFFREY.
[1] Commence the period with ‘_In_ short’.
[2] to assign limits to a thing, +einer Sache Grenzen stecken+.
[3] Say ‘it has completed’, etc.
[4] +Materie+, f.
[5] +zu+.
[6] Say ‘which are destined (+zu etwas bestimmt sein+, Comp. S. 87, N. 6) to assist and to reward the labours of (= of the) future generations’.
[7] It — owing = All this we owe mainly to the genius of a single man.
[8] +Geschlecht+, n.; use the verb in the Perfect; ever, +je vorher+.
[9] +sondern auch.+
[10] +sagenhaft.+
[11] rude = inexperienced.
[12] +bei+, with the def. art.
[13] +dieser.+
_Section 145._
MANUFACTURES OF ENGLAND[1].
The principal branches of[2] the industrial pursuits are the manufactures[3] of cotton, woollen[4], and worsted goods, iron and hardware, earthenware[5], hosiery, mining[6], and shipbuilding. The geographical distribution of the manufacturing[7] population is dependent partly on natural, partly on accidental circumstances. The proximity of a coal-field[8] decides the point[9] in many instances[10]; for, even where the raw material is bulky[11], it is generally more practicable to bring[12] it to the coal (+Kohlen+), than the coal to it, an[13] instance of which is furnished by the copper-ore of Cornwall being taken to Swansea to be smelted. The iron manufacture is carried on[14] generally at[15] the coal-fields, the[16] chief seats being south Wales, Staffordshire, and Derbyshire. The cotton manufacture has[17] been located in Lancashire and Cheshire for _the last_ three centuries; but[18] it has attained its present dimensions very much through those counties being readily furnished with the raw material from America, as[19] well as from the abundance of coal outside those counties; Manchester, Bolton, Oldham, Stockport, and Macclesfield are the chief seats of the manufacture.—BEVAN, “THE STUDENT’S MANUAL OF MODERN GEOGRAPHY.”
[1] +Die englische Industrie.+
[2] of — pursuits, +der Industrie+.
[3] +Fabrikation+, f.
[4] The preposition ‘of’ is best repeated in this enumeration; worsted, +aus Kammwolle gefertigt+; ‘goods’, here +Stoffe+.
[5] +irdenes Geschirr+ or +Töpferwaren+.
[6] +Berg- und Schiffsbau.+
[7] manufacturing = industrial.
[8] +Kohlenlager+, n.
[9] the point, +darüber+, which place last.
[10] instances = cases.
[11] +schwer und umfangreich.+
[12] +hin´schaffen+; than — it = than the reverse, +als umgekehrt+.
[13] It is well to begin a new period here, thus: ‘An example of this (+dazu+) furnishes the copper-ore of Cornwall, which is taken (+befördern+) to (S. 72, N. 4), S.’, etc.
[14] +betreiben+, insep. c. str. v.
[15] at the = in the neighbourhood of the.
[16] the — being = which are mainly situated (+belegen+) in.
[17] has been located, +ist ansässig+. =The Present is often used in German where the English use the Perfect to express the duration of an action up to the time of speaking=; as—+Unsere Familie ~wohnt seit~ zwanzig Jahren+ (or +~schon~ zwanzig Jahre+) +in Manchester+, our family _has been living_ in Manchester _for_ these last twenty years.
[18] but — America. This clause containing a Gerund (being) preceded by the preposition ‘through’, must be construed according to S. 1, N. 3, and S. 87, N. 6 in the following way: ‘but it (+sie+) has received its present dimension especially thereby (+dadurch+, read S. 87, N. 6), that these counties can easily be (S. 2, N. 1) supplied with the raw material from America’. The three verbs must, of course, be placed at the end, and in such a way that the governing verb (can) stands last, and the auxiliary of tense in the middle.
[19] as — counties = as also (+wie auch noch+) thereby, that the coal is [use the pl. in German] to be got (+zu haben sein+) in abundance in the neighbouring counties.
_Section 146._
MR. H. M. STANLEY’S APPEAL[1] FOR SUPPLIES.